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Metropolis was an ancient town in the north of Phrygia, and, as the name seems to indicate, a capital of the ancient kings of Phrygia, though Stephanus of Byzantium derives the name from the mother of the gods. It was situated to the north of Synnada, and must not be confounded with another town of the same name in the south of Phrygia. Its site is, in all probability, indicated by the ruins of Pismesh Kalasi, north of Doganlu, which show a very antique style of architecture, and mainly consist of tombs cut into the rocks; one of these tombs is that of king Midas. Although William Martin Leake is inclined to think that these ruins mark the site of Nicoleia; William Smith credits other travelers who identify them with Metropolis. From the extent of the ruins, it would seem that in the time of the Roman emperors Metropolis was an important town; but afterwards it declined, though it is still mentioned by Hierocles.
Metropolis was an ancient town in the southern part of Phrygia, belonging to the conventus of Apamea. That this town is different from the more northerly town of the name in northern Phrygia, is quite evident, even independently of the fact that Stephanus of Byzantium mentions two towns of the name of Metropolis in Phrygia, and that Hierocles. and the Notitiae speak of a town of this name in two different provinces of Phrygia. In Roman times, it was assigned to the province of Pisidia, where it became a bishopric. No longer a residential see, it remains, under the name Metropolis in Pisidia, a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
Sperchiae or Sperchiai or Spercheiae or Spercheiai (Σπερχείαι) was a fortress in Ainis in ancient Thessaly, which, according to the description of Livy, would seem to have been situated at no great distance from the sources of the Spercheius. Ptolemy mentions a place Spercheia between Echinus and Thebes in Phthiotis; and Pliny the Elder places Sperchios in Doris. William Smith concludes it probable that these three names indicate the same place. Livy relates that the place was destroyed by the Aetolians in 198 BCE.
Tendeba was a town of ancient Caria in the territory of Stratonicea. It commanded a strong position and was a point of contest between the Rhodians and Macedonians in their war
Casystes or Kasystes was a port town of ancient Ionia, near Erythrae. Strabo, whose description proceeds from south to north, after describing Teos, says, "before you come to Erythrae, first is Erae, a small city of the Teians, then Corycus, a lofty mountain, and a harbour under it, Casystes; and another harbour called Erythras." It is probably the Cyssus of Livy, the port to which the fleet of Antiochus III sailed (191 BCE) before the naval engagement in which the king was defeated by Eumenes II and the Romans.
Stectorium or Stektorion was a town of ancient Phrygia, in the Phrygian Pentapolis between Peltae and Synnada, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. Pausanias believed that Mygdon's tomb was located here.
Midaeium or Midaëum or Midaeion, or Midaium or Midaion (Μιδάιον), was a town in the northeast of ancient Phrygia. It was situated on the little river Bathys, on the road from Dorylaeum to Pessinus, and in Roman times belonged to the conventus of Synnada. In the Synecdemus it appears as Medaium or Medaion (Μεδάϊον). The town, as its name indicates, must have been built by one of the ancient kings of Phrygia, and has become celebrated in history from the fact that Sextus Pompeius, the son of Pompey the Great, was there taken prisoner by the generals of Marcus Antonius, and afterwards put to death. It has been supposed, with some probability, that the town of Mygdum, mentioned by Ammianus Marcellinus, is the same as Midaeium.
Appia was a town of ancient Phrygia, inhabited during Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine times. According to Pliny the Elder, it belonged to the conventus of Synnada. It became the seat of a bishop in the ecclesiastical province of Phrygia Pacatiana; no longer a residential bishopric, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
Anabura or Anaboura was a town of ancient Phrygia, inhabited during Byzantine times. Livy reports that it lay on the route of the consul Gnaeus Manlius Vulso from Synnada to the sources of the Alander. The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica said that the town was renamed to Augustopolis, which became the seat of the later bishopric of Augustopolis in Phrygia.
Conium, also called Conni, Conna, Konna, Kone, Cone, Demetrioupolis and Demetriopolis, was a town of ancient Phrygia Magna. According to the Peutinger Table, where the town name appears as Conni, it was located between Eucarpia and Nacolea, 32 Roman Miles from Eucarpia and 40 from Nacolea. Pliny the Elder calls the town Conium; Ptolemy calls it Conna or Konna. Under the Byzantine empire the town was called Cone or Kone, and was a bishopric of Phrygia Salutaris, of which Synnada was the metropolis. No longer the seat of a residential bishopric, it remains, under the name Cone, a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
References
- 1 2 Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World . Princeton University Press. p. 62, and directory notes accompanying.
- ↑ Livy. Ab Urbe Condita Libri (History of Rome). Vol. 38.15.
- ↑ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Beudos Vetus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography . London: John Murray.
Coordinates: 38°32′52″N30°38′33″E / 38.547839°N 30.642464°E
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