Bony labyrinth

Last updated
Bony labyrinth
Right osseous labyrinth svg hariadhi.svg
Lateral view of right osseous labyrinth
Right osseous labyrinth interior svg hariadhi.svg
Interior view of right osseous labyrinth
Details
Identifiers
Latin labyrinthus osseus
TA2 692
FMA 60179
Anatomical terminology

The bony labyrinth (also osseous labyrinth or otic capsule) is the rigid, bony outer wall of the inner ear in the temporal bone. It consists of three parts: the vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea. These are cavities hollowed out of the substance of the bone, and lined by periosteum. They contain a clear fluid, the perilymph, in which the membranous labyrinth is situated.

A fracture classification system in which temporal bone fractures detected by computed tomography are delineated based on disruption of the otic capsule has been found to be predictive for complications of temporal bone trauma such as facial nerve injury, sensorineural deafness and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea. On radiographic images, the otic capsule is the densest portion of the temporal bone. [1] [2]

In otospongiosis, a leading cause of adult-onset hearing loss, the otic capsule is exclusively affected. This area normally undergoes no remodeling in adult life and is extremely dense. With otospongiosis, the normally dense enchondral bone is replaced by Haversian bone, a spongy and vascular matrix that results in sensorineural hearing loss due to compromise of the conductive capacity of the inner ear ossicles. This results in hypodensity on CT, with the portion first affected usually being the fissula ante fenestram . [3]

The bony labyrinth is studied in paleoanthropology as it is a good indicator for distinguishing Neanderthals and modern humans. [4] [5] [6] [7]

References

  1. ↑ Little, S. C.; Kesser, B. W. (2006). "Radiographic classification of temporal bone fractures: Clinical predictability using a new system". Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery . 132 (12): 1300–4. doi: 10.1001/archotol.132.12.1300 . PMID   17178939.
  2. ↑ Brodie, H. A.; Thompson, T. C. (1997). "Management of complications from 820 temporal bone fractures". The American Journal of Otology . 18 (2): 188–97. PMID   9093676.
  3. ↑ Ho, Mai-Lan; Eisenberg, Ronald L (2014). Neuroradiology signs. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. ISBN   978-0-07-180432-5. OCLC   1073561197.
  4. ↑ Hublin, Jean-Jacques; Spoor, Fred; Braun, Marc; Zonneveld, Frans; Condemi, Silvana (1996). "A late Neanderthal associated with Upper Palaeolithic artefacts". Nature . 381 (6579): 224–226. Bibcode:1996Natur.381..224H. doi:10.1038/381224a0. ISSN   1476-4687. OCLC   8520954555. PMID   8622762. S2CID   4370339.
  5. ↑ Coutinho-Nogueira, Dany; Coqueugniot, Hélène; Santos, Frédéric; Tillier, Anne-marie (20 August 2021). "The bony labyrinth of Qafzeh 25 Homo sapiens from Israel" (PDF). Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences . 13 (9): 151. doi:10.1007/s12520-021-01377-2. ISSN   1866-9565. S2CID   237219305 . Archived (PDF) from the original on Dec 21, 2023.
  6. ↑ Spoor, Fred; Hublin, Jean-Jacques; Braun, Marc; Zonneveld, Frans (16 February 2003). "The bony labyrinth of Neanderthals". Journal of Human Evolution . 44 (2): 141–165. doi:10.1016/s0047-2484(02)00166-5. ISSN   0047-2484. PMID   12662940.
  7. ↑ Stoessel, Alexander; David, Romain; Gunz, Philipp; Schmidt, Tobias; Spoor, Fred; Hublin, Jean-Jacques (2016-10-11). "Morphology and function of Neandertal and modern human ear ossicles". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 113 (41): 11489–11494. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1605881113 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   5068335 . PMID   27671643.

PD-icon.svgThis article incorporates text in the public domain from page 1047 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.