Carabao (mango)

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Mangifera 'Carabao'
Carabao mangoes (Philippines).jpg
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Top: Ripe 'Carabao' mangoes from Bukidnon
Bottom: Ripe and unripe 'Carabao' mangoes from Bulacan
Genus Mangifera
Cultivar 'Carabao'
Marketing names Carabao mango,
Philippine mango,
Champagne mango,
Manila mango,
Manila super mango,
Honey mango,
Manggang kalabaw
Origin Philippines

The Carabao mango, also known as the Filipino mango or Manila mango among other names, is a variety of particularly sweet mango from the Philippines. [1] It is one of the most important varieties of mango cultivated in the Philippines. The variety is reputed internationally due to its sweetness and exotic taste. [2] [3] The mango variety was listed as the sweetest in the world by the 1995 edition of the Guinness Book of World Records. [4] It is named after the carabao, the national animal of the Philippines and a native Filipino breed of domesticated water buffalo. [5] [6]

Carabao mangoes are around 12.5 cm (5 in) in length and 8.5 cm (3+14 in) in diameter. These fruits are kidney-shaped and can range from being short to elongated. When ripe, the fruit is bright yellow. The flesh is a rich yellow in color with a tender melting consistency, very sweet, and very aromatic. Like other Southeast Asian-type mangoes, it is polyembryonic (in contrast to Indian-type mangoes). Unripe or underripe carabao mangoes are very sour, and are traditionally eaten with condiments like shrimp paste, salt, vinegar, and/or soy sauce or pickled into burong mangga. Fruiting season is usually from late May to early July. [7] [8] [9]

There are 14 different strains of Carabao mango. [10] These strains include the Talaban and Fresco of Guimaras, MMSU Gold of the Ilocos Region and Lamao and Sweet Elena of Zambales. A comparative study conducted by Bureau of Agricultural Research of the Department of Agriculture in 2003 found that the Sweet Elena of Zambales is the sweetest Carabao mango strain. [11]

The Mexican Ataulfo and Manilita mango cultivars descended from the Philippine mango through the Manila galleon trade between 1600 and 1800. Both of these cultivars are sometimes referred to as "Manila mangoes" in trade. [12] [13] During the American colonial period of the Philippines, the Carabao mango was also known as the champagne mango, a name which is now also applied in North American markets to the similar descendant cultivar, Ataulfo. [14] [15] Another common market name for the cultivar is honey mango, which is also used for Ataulfo. [16] [17]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mango</span> Species of fruit

A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times resulting in two types of modern mango cultivars: the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type". Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits that are also called "mangoes", the majority of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burong mangga</span> Filipino Side Dish

Burong mangga is a Filipino side dish and concoction made by mixing sugar, salt, and water to mangoes that have previously been salted. The mixture of water and sugar should be boiled and cooled first, before pouring it over the salted mangoes. Some variants add chilis to the cooled sugar water mixture. Original "basic" burong mangga is made using a brine solution and pouring it over halved unripe or partially ripe mangoes. Mango cultivars commonly used for burong mangga include 'Carabao' mangoes and 'Pico' mangoes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philippine condiments</span> Condiments used in Filipino cuisine

The generic term for condiments in the Filipino cuisine is sawsawan. Unlike sauces in other Southeast Asian regions, most sawsawan are not prepared beforehand, but are assembled on the table according to the preferences of the diner.

<i>Mangifera caesia</i> Species of fruit and plant

Mangifera caesia is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. Known in English as jack or white mango, among other names. It belongs to the same genus as the mango and is widely cultivated in areas of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Papua New Guinea and the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turon (food)</span> Sweet dish from Filipino cuisine

Turon (Tagalog pronunciation:[tuˈɾɔn]; also known as lumpiang saging or sagimis in dialectal Tagalog, is a Philippine snack made of thinly sliced bananas, rolled in a spring roll wrapper, fried till the wrapper is crisp and coated with caramelized brown sugar. Turon can also include other fillings. Most common is jackfruit, but there are also recipes with sweet potato , mango , cheddar cheese and coconut .

<i>Mangifera altissima</i> Species of plant in the family Anacardiaceae

Mangifera altissima, is a species of mango native to the Philippines and surrounding regions in Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. It is not grown commercially but is harvested from the wild in the Philippines. It has small fruits that are pale yellow when ripe and are very sweet, though much more fibrous than commercially cultivated Mangifera indica species like Carabao mangoes. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<i>Mangifera odorata</i> Species of tree

Mangifera odorata, commonly known as kwini, huani, or Saipan mango, is a species of plant with edible fruit in the family Anacardiaceae. It is similar to the related mango but is characterized by a strong turpentine-like smell on the skin and fibrous flesh. It is native to tropical Southeast Asia, but its exact original native range is unknown because it is only known from cultivated specimens and is believed to be a hybrid of Mangifera indica and Mangifera foetida. It is grown throughout Southeast Asia, from peninsular Thailand, to Malaysia, Indonesia and the southern Philippines. It has also been occasionally cultivated in southern Vietnam and the Marianas Islands.

<i>Mangifera indica</i> Species of flowering plant in the cashew family Anacardiaceae

Mangifera indica, commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a large fruit tree, capable of growing to a height of 30 metres. There are two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes – the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward (mango)</span> Mango cultivar

The 'Edward' mango is a named mango cultivar that originated in south Florida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ataulfo (mango)</span> Mango cultivar

The 'Ataúlfo' mango is a mango cultivar from Mexico. Ataúlfo mangos are golden yellow and generally weigh between 6 and 10 ounces, with a somewhat sigmoid (oblong) shape and a gold-yellow skin. The flesh is not fibrous, and the pit is thin. They were named for grower Ataúlfo Morales Gordillo. Since August 27, 2003, the Ataúlfo mango is one of the 18 Mexican Designations of Origin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cushman (mango)</span> Mango cultivar

The 'Cushman' mango is a mango cultivar that originated in south Florida. The variety had limited to no commercial application but has been sold as a dooryard tree.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manilita</span> Mango cultivar

The 'Manilita' mango is a named mango cultivar that originated in Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mulgoba</span> Mango cultivar

Malgova' or Malgoa is an important mango cultivar mainly grown in Tamilnadu, Kerala and Karnataka and also in other parts of South India. It is a large round fruit, it has a small hard seed inside and is very juicy and fragrant. It is generally considered to be one of the best mangoes. Its production area is centred on the districts of Salem, Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri in Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, as well as neighbouring parts of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dinamulag Festival</span> Festival held in the Philippines

The Dinamulag Festival also known as the Zambales Mango Festival is an annual festival held in the province of Zambales in the Philippines to celebrate or encourage bountiful harvest of the province's mangoes. The festival was first held in 1999. The mascot is a mango.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nam Dok Mai</span> Mango cultivar

The Nam Dok Mai mango is a mango cultivar which originated in Thailand. It is the most popular mango variety in Thailand, and is grown commercially in Australia and Colombia as well, albeit as a minor variety.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mango float</span> Filipino dessert

Mango float or crema de mangga is a Filipino icebox cake dessert made with layers of ladyfingers (broas) or graham crackers, whipped cream, condensed milk, and ripe carabao mangoes. It is chilled for a few hours before serving, though it can also be frozen to give it an ice cream-like consistency. It is a modern variant of the traditional Filipino crema de fruta cake. It is also known by various other names like mango refrigerator cake, mango graham float, mango royale, and mango icebox cake, among others. Crema de mangga is another version that additionally uses custard and gulaman (agar) or gelatin, as in the original crema de fruta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pico (mango)</span> Variety of fruit

The Pico mango, also known as padero, is a variety of mango from the Philippines. Along with the Carabao mango, it is among the most commonly commercially cultivated mango cultivar in the Philippines.

Kiamoy, is a class of Filipino treats made with dried sour plums, prunes, or apricots preserved in brine and vinegar. They are sold covered in a powdery coating of an anise, li hing, salt, and sugar mixture called "kiamoy powder" or kiam-muy-hoon. They are characteristically bright red, orange, or light brown in color. They originate from Chinese Filipino immigrants and are derived from the li hing mui (旅行梅) treats of Chinese cuisine. The name is derived from Philippine Hokkien Chinese: 鹹梅; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiâm-muî; lit. 'salted plum'.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manggahan Festival</span> Annual festival in Guimaras, Philippines

The Manggahan Festival is an annual month-long cultural, agricultural, and food festival held in the province of Guimaras, Philippines, every May. It is a celebration of the mango fruit, which the province is known for, emphasizes its significance in the local economy of the province alongside agriculture and tourism.

References

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  9. "Green Mango & Bagoong". Market Manila. Retrieved April 18, 2024.
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  11. Fernandez, Rudy (December 2, 2006). "Zambales Mango is RP's Sweetest". Philippine Star. Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
  12. Rocha, Franklin H.; Infante, Francisco; Quilantán, Juan; Goldarazena, Arturo; Funderburk, Joe E. (March 2012). "'Ataulfo' Mango Flowers Contain a Diversity of Thrips (Thysanoptera)". Florida Entomologist. 95 (1): 171–178. doi: 10.1653/024.095.0126 .
  13. Adams, Lisa J. (June 19, 2005). "Mexico tries to claim 'Manila mango' name as its own". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on October 11, 2018. Retrieved October 11, 2018.
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  15. Sauco, Victor Galan (2009). El Cultivo del Mango. Ediciones Mundi-Prensa. p. 70. ISBN   9788484766179.
  16. Jacob, Dianne (2016). "The Meaning of Mangoes". Best Food Writing 2016. Hachette Books. ISBN   9780738219455.
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