Chavundaraya Basadi

Last updated

Chavundaraya Basadi
Chavundaraya Basadi on Chandragiri hill at Shravanabelagola.jpg
Chavundaraya Basadi at Shravanabelagola
Religion
Affiliation Jainism
Deity Neminatha
Festivals Mahavir Jayanti
Governing bodyShri Shravana Belgola Jain Matha
Location
Location Shravana Belgola, Hassan, Karnataka
Geographic coordinates 12°51′42.19″N76°29′12.38″E / 12.8617194°N 76.4867722°E / 12.8617194; 76.4867722
Architecture
Style Dravidian architecture
Creator Chavundaraya
Date established982 AD

Chavundaraya basadi or Chamundaraya basadi or Boppa-Chaityalya is one of the fifteen basadis (Jain temples) located on the Chandragiri Hill in Shravanabelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka. [1] Archaeological Survey of India has listed the Chavundaraya basadi in group of monuments in Shravanabelagola as Adarsh Smarak Monument. [2]

Contents

History

Chavundaraya basadi was erected by Chavundaraya during the reign of Ganga King Marasimha II in 982 CE and completed by Chavundaraya's son Jinadeva. The idol of Neminatha, flanked by Chauri bearers, is believed to installed by Hoysala period attributing to the characteristics matching Hoysala art. [3] The temple is also known as Sruta-tirtha (transl. sacred places of scripture) because 10th century Jain Acharya Nemichandra composed Gommatsāra here. [4]

The temple underwent improvement in the 12th century under the rule of Chola Empire. [5] The pyramidal shikhara crowned with domical finial is example of Chola architecture.[ citation needed ] In c. 12th-century CE, a pillared porch was added to the temple complex. [5]

Architecture

Chavundaraya basadi along with Suparshwanath, Kattale and Chandragupta basadi is considered the most important for the architecture in Jain temple complex of Chandragiri Hill [3] [6] with Chavundaraya basadi as the finest and largest. [4] [7] [8] This temple is built in Dravidian architecture and famous for its artistry. [5] The temple houses a garbhagriha , pradakshinapatha, open sukansi, navaranga and mukhamandapa . Above the garbhagriha is a dvitala vimana . [3] The garbhagriha houses an idol of Neminatha flanked by Chauri bearers and the one first floor of the vimana houses the image of Parshavanatha installed by Jinadeva in 985 CE. [9]

Chavundaraya basadi is a 68 by 36 feet (21 m × 11 m) two-story shrine with a shikhara built-in Dravidian style. This temple is the largest shrine in Shravanabelagola with ornamental niches with figures of yakshi and Jain monks in padmasan posture. The build Western Gangas style. The architecture of this temple was influenced by Chalukyan style in Aihole and Badami temple complex. [6] The mulnayak of the temple is a black-coloured idol of Neminatha. The temple also houses an idol of Ambika seated under a mango tree with amra-lumbi (mango tree branch) in the right hand and citron in left. [10]

Protection

The temple is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India. [5]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shravanabelagola</span> Town in Karnataka, India

Shravanabelagola is a town located near Channarayapatna of Hassan district in the Indian state of Karnataka and is 144 km (89 mi) from Bengaluru. The Gommateshwara Bahubali statue at Shravanabelagola is one of the most important tirthas in Jainism, one that reached a peak in architectural and sculptural activity under the patronage of Western Ganga dynasty of Talakad. Chandragupta Maurya is said to have died on the hill of Chandragiri, which is located in Shravanabelagola, in 298 BCE after he became a Jain monk and assumed an ascetic life style.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli</span>

Panchakuta Basadi is a temple complex located in the Kambadahalli village of the Mandya district, Karnataka state, in southwestern India. It is one of the finest examples of South Indian Dravidian architecture of the Western Ganga variety, related to the Jain faith and iconography.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neminatha</span> 22nd Jain Tirthankara

Neminātha, also known as Nemi and Ariṣṭanemi, is the twenty-second Tīrthaṅkara of Jainism in the present age. Neminatha lived 81,000 years before the 23rd Tirthankara Parshvanatha. According to traditional accounts, he was born to King Samudravijaya and Queen Shivadevi of the Yadu dynasty in the north Indian city of Sauripura. His birth date was the fifth day of Shravana Shukla of the Jain calendar. Krishna, who was the 9th and last Jain Vasudev, was his first cousin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jainism in Karnataka</span> Religion of Jainism in the Indian state of Karnataka

Karnataka, a state in South India has a long association with Jainism, a religion which enjoyed patronage of major historic kingdoms in the state such as the Rastrakuta Dynasty, Western Ganga, Kadamba and Chalukya dynasties and the Hoysala Empire. Today the state is home to a number of Jain monuments, such as temples, Gommata statues and stambhas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chandragiri hill</span> Hill on which Chandragupta Maurya performed penance in last life

Chandragiri is one of the two hills in Shravanabelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka, the other one being Vindhyagiri. It is also near Indragiri.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vindhyagiri Hill</span>

Vindyagiri is one of the two hills in Shravanabelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka. The other one being Chandragiri.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chandragupta basadi</span> Jain temple in Shravanabelagola, India

Chandragupta basadi is one of the smaller basadis located on the Chandragiri Hill in Sravanabelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka. Archaeological Survey of India has listed the Chandragupta basadi in group of monuments in Shravanabelagola as Adarsh Smarak Monument.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ambika (Jainism)</span> Jain goddess

In Jainism, Ambika or Ambika Devi is the yakshini "dedicated attendant deity" or Śāsana Devī "protector goddess" of the 22nd Tirthankara, Neminatha. She is also known as Ambai, Amba, Kushmandini and Amra Kushmandini. She is often shown with one or more children and often under a tree. She is frequently represented as a pair with a small Tirthankar image on the top. The name ambika literally means mother, hence she is Mother Goddess. The name is also a common epithet of Hindu Goddess Parvati.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jainism in North Karnataka</span>

Jainism in North Karnataka flourished under the Chalukyas, Kadamba, Rashtrakutas, and Vijayanagara empire. Imbued with religious feeling, patronage was extended towards the building of Jain temple and it garnered high repute among the people, particularly the ruling classes and the mercantile community; effectively getting treated as the state religion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kadamba architecture</span>

Kadamba architecture was a style of temple architecture founded by Mayurasharma in the 4th century AD in Karnataka, India. Kadambas created new style of architecture which was the basis of the Hoysalas style of architecture, developed original school of sculpture, was the forerunner of series of South Indian sculptors. Many temples at Aihole, Badami and Hampi are built in Kadamba style.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Akkana Basadi</span> Ancient Jain temple at Shravanbelgola

Akkana Basadi is a Jain temple (basadi) built in 1181 A.D., during the rule of Hoysala empire King Veera Ballala II. The basadi was constructed by the devout Jain lady Achiyakka, wife of Chandramouli, a Brahmin minister in the court of the Hoysala king. The main deity of the temple is the twenty-third Jain Tirthankar Parshwanath. The temple is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India. It is part of an Archaeological Survey of India Adarsh Smarak Monument along with other temples in the Shravanabelagola group of monuments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brahma Jinalaya, Lakkundi</span>

The Brahma Jinalaya, sometimes called as the Greater Jain Temple of Lakkundi, is an early 11th-century Mahavira temple in Lakkundi, Gadag District of Karnataka state, India. The temple is attributed to Attiyabbe, the wife of the local governor Dandanayaka Nagadeva. It faces east, has a mukhamandapa, a gudhamandapa and its sanctum is covered by a sur-temple style vimana superstructure. The temple is notable for its reliefs depicting Jaina artwork, statues of the Tirthankaras and the two Hindu statues of Brahma and Saraswati inside its inner mandapa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shantinatha Basadi, Jinanathapura</span>

Shantinatha Basadi, a Jain temple dedicated to the sixteenth Tirthankar Shantinatha is located in the historically important temple town of Jinanathapura near Shravanabelagola. It is a village in Channarayapatna taluk in the Hassan district of Karnataka state, India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gommateshwara statue</span> Jain sculpture in Shravanbelagola, India

The Gommateshwara statue is a 57-foot (17 m) high monolithic statue on Vindhyagiri Hill in the town of Shravanbelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka. Carved of a single block of granite, it is one of the tallest monolithic statues in the ancient world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jain temples, Halebidu</span> Jain temples in the state of Karnataka

Jain Basadi complex in Halebidu, Hassan district consists of three Jain Basadis dedicated to the Jain Tirthankars Parshvanatha, Shantinatha and Adinatha. The complex is situated near Kedareshwara temple and Dwarasamudra lake. The temple complex also includes a step well called Hulikere Kalyani.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Humcha Jain temples</span> Jain temples in the state of Karnataka

The Humcha Jain temples or Humcha basadis are a group of temples found in Humcha village of Shimoga district in Karnataka, India. They were constructed in the 7th century CE in the period of the Santara dynasty and are regarded as one of the major Jain centres of Karnataka. The Padmavati Basadi is the most well-known of these temples.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Odegal basadi</span>

Odegal basadi or Vadegal basadi is the largest basadi located on the Vindhyagiri Hill in Shravanabelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lakshmeshwara Jain temples</span>

The Lakshmeshwara Jain temples is a group of Jain temples in the town of Lakshmeshwara in the Gadag district of Karnataka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parshvanatha basadi, Shravanabelgola</span> Jain temple in Shravanabelgola complex in the state of Karnataka

Parshvanatha Basadi or Kamatha Parshvanatha Basadi is a Jain temple (basadi) located on Chandragiri Hill in Shravanabelagola, a town in Karnataka, India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bhandara Basadi</span> Jain temple in Shravanabelgola complex in the state of Karnataka

Bhandara Basadi or Chaturvimsati Tirthankar Basadi is a Jain temple (basadi) built in located in Shravanabelagola, a town in Karnataka, India.

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Chugh 2016, p. 313.
  2. ↑ "Adarsh Smarak Monument". Archaeological Survey of India. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 Chugh 2016, p. 282.
  4. 1 2 Sangave 1981, p. 16.
  5. 1 2 3 4 ASI.
  6. 1 2 Ramaswamy 2019.
  7. ↑ Publications Division & Temples of South India.
  8. ↑ Menon 2019.
  9. ↑ Chugh 2016, pp. 282–283.
  10. ↑ Shah 1987, p. 250.

Sources

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.