Dunkleosteus is an extinct genus of large arthrodire ("jointed-neck") fish that existed during the Late Devonian period, about 382–358 million years ago. It was a pelagic fish inhabiting open waters, and one of the first apex predators of any ecosystem.
Ventastega is an extinct genus of stem tetrapod that lived during the Upper Fammenian of the Late Devonian, approximately 372.2 to 358.9 million years ago. Only one species is known that belongs in the genus, Ventastega curonica, which was described in 1996 after fossils were discovered in 1933 and mistakenly associated with a fish called Polyplocodus wenjukovi. ‘Curonica’ in the species name refers to Curonia, the Latin name for Kurzeme, a region in western Latvia. Ventastega curonica was discovered in two localities in Latvia, and was the first stem tetrapod described in Latvia along with being only the 4th Devonian tetrapodomorph known at the time of description. Based on the morphology of both cranial and post-cranial elements discovered, Ventastega is more primitive than other Devonian tetrapodomorphs including Acanthostega and Ichthyostega, and helps further understanding of the fish-tetrapod transition.
The Bear Gulch Limestone is a limestone-rich geological lens in central Montana, renowned for the quality of its late Mississippian-aged fossils. It is exposed over a number of outcrops northeast of the Big Snowy Mountains, and is often considered a component of the more widespread Heath Formation. The Bear Gulch Limestone reconstructs a diverse, though isolated, marine ecosystem which developed near the end of the Serpukhovian age. It is a lagerstätte, a particular type of rock unit with exceptional fossil preservation of both articulated skeletons and soft tissues. Bear Gulch fossils include a variety of fish, invertebrates, and algae occupying a number of different habitats within a preserved shallow bay.
Dinichthys is an extinct monospecific genus of large marine arthrodire placoderm from the Late Devonian measuring around 3 metres (9.8 ft) long. Fossils were recovered from the Ohio Shale Formation along the Olentangy River in Delaware County, Ohio.
Megalichthyidae is an extinct family of tetrapodomorphs which lived from the Middle–Late Devonian to the Early Permian. They are known primarily from freshwater deposits, mostly in the Northern Hemisphere, but one genus (Cladarosymblema) is known from Australia, and the possible megalichthyid Mahalalepis is from Antarctica.
Conchodus is an extinct genus of marine lungfish which lived during the Devonian period.
Chrysolepis is a genus of prehistoric marine lobe-finned fish that lived during the Late Devonian period. It contains a single species, C. orlensis, known from the middle Famennian of Oryol Oblast, Russia. It is the only member of the family Chrysolepididae, erected due to its highly distinct morphology unseen among other osteolepiforms. It may be the sister taxon to the eusthenopterids.
Glyptopomus is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygian or lobe-finned fish.
Lochmocercus is an extinct genus of prehistoric coelacanth fishes which lived during the Carboniferous Period.
Iranorhynchus is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygian or lobe-finned fish.
Tarachomylax is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish.
Marsdenichthys is an extinct genus of Devonian tetrapodomorph. Fossils have been found from Mount Howitt in Victoria, Australia from strata that are Givetian-Frasnian in age. Mount Howitt is an important site that has been the source of many tetrapodomorph fossils, including Beelarongia and Howittichthys, both of which were first described from the locality.
The Gauja Formation is a Middle Devonian fossil locality in Estonia and Latvia. It is named after the Gauja River, where it is exposed along the banks.
Antarctilamna is an extinct genus of Devonian cartilaginous fish originally exemplified by Antarctilamna prisca from South Eastern Australia and Antarctica. The latest occurring described species is Antarctilamna ultima from the Waterloo Farm lagerstätte in South Africa. Antarctilamna has robust ctenacanthid-like spines which lack a deep insertion area, and are borne in front of the first dorsal fin; in addition to distinctive diplodont teeth with small intermediate cusps. Antarctilamna-like spines, known from the Bunga Beds locality in Australia have been ascribed to A. prisca.
The Waterloo Farm lagerstätte is a Famennian lagerstätte in South Africa that constitutes the only known record of a near-polar Devonian coastal ecosystem.
The Mongolepidida is an order of primitive elasmobranchs that lived during the Late Silurian and Early Devonian periods of Russia and Mongolia, with possible fragmentary remains dating back to the Katian epoch of the Late Ordovician. The three known genera are: Elegestolepis, Mongolepis and Polymerolepis. They are only known from fragmentary placoid scales, so their appearance is unknown. The oldest of these scales have been dated back to the Ludlow epoch, making the members of the Mongolepidida possibly the oldest sharks known to date.
Acondylacanthus is an extinct genus of ctenacanthiform from the Paleozoic era. The type species is A.gracilis. Most species are known from the Carboniferous of America and the British isles. A. jaekeli is known from the upper Frasnian of Germany and the Upper Famennian of Russia. This genus is based entirely upon isolated dorsal fin spines, and thus may later be found synonymous with tooth-based genera. Many species have been ascribed to this genus, though there has been some confusion with Ctenachanthus. This genus is in need of review and research.
Compagopiscis is an extinct genus of placoderm known from the Gogo Formation. It lived in the Upper Devonian of Western Australia. The genus is monotypic, with its only species being Compagopiscis croucheri.
