Dehalococcoidia

Last updated

Dehalococcoidia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Chloroflexota
Class: Dehalococcoidia
Löffler et al. 2013 [1]
Order: Dehalococcoidales
Löffler et al. 2013 [1]
Family: Dehalococcoidaceae
Löffler et al. 2013 [1]
Genera
Synonyms
  • "Dehalococcoidetes" Hugenholtz and Stackebrandt 2004 [2]

Dehalococcoidia is a class of Chloroflexota, a phylum of Bacteria. It is also known as the DHC group. [3]

Contents

The name Dehalococcoidetes is a placeholder name given by Hugenholtz and Stackebrandt, 2004, after Dehalococcoides ethenogenes, a partially described species in 1997, [4] whereas the first species fully described belonging to this class was Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens by Moe et al. 2009, but no emendations to the name were made. [5] [6] [7]

Characteristics

Both species, Dehalococcoides ethenogenes and Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens are irregular coccus (coccoid) bacteria capable of dehalogenating polychlorinated aliphatic alkanes and alkenes, such as tetrachloroethene, trichloropropane, trichloroethane, dichloropropane, and dichloroethane. [8]

One of the features of the members of the phylum Chloroflexota is the unusual cell wall structure, which is monoderm but with great variation in presence or structure of the peptidoglycan resulting in many members staining Gram-negative and other Gram-positive. [9] Both species of Dehalococcoidetes stain Gram negative, but they potentially lack peptidoglycan and instead possess pseudopeptidoglycan[ dubious – discuss ] (S-layer) (resistant to peptidoglycan-attacking antibiotics ampicillin and vancomycin; wheat germ agglutinin does not bind nor does lysozyme work).[ failed verification ] [4] [5] [10]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gram-positive bacteria</span> Bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test

In bacteriology, gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test, which is traditionally used to quickly classify bacteria into two broad categories according to their type of cell wall.

The Chloroflexia are a class of bacteria in the phylum Chloroflexota. Chloroflexia are typically filamentous, and can move about through bacterial gliding. It is named after the order Chloroflexales.

The Thermomicrobia is a group of thermophilic green non-sulfur bacteria. Based on species Thermomicrobium roseum and Sphaerobacter thermophilus, this bacteria class has the following description:

Organohalide respiration (OHR) (previously named halorespiration or dehalorespiration) is the use of halogenated compounds as terminal electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration. Organohalide respiration can play a part in microbial biodegradation. The most common substrates are chlorinated aliphatics (PCE, TCE), chlorinated phenols and chloroform. Organohalide-respiring bacteria are highly diverse. This trait is found in some Campylobacterota, Thermodesulfobacteriota, Chloroflexota (green nonsulfur bacteria), low G+C gram positive Clostridia, and ultramicrobacteria.

Dehalococcoides is a genus of bacteria within class Dehalococcoidia that obtain energy via the oxidation of hydrogen and subsequent reductive dehalogenation of halogenated organic compounds in a mode of anaerobic respiration called organohalide respiration. They are well known for their great potential to remediate halogenated ethenes and aromatics. They are the only bacteria known to transform highly chlorinated dioxins, PCBs. In addition, they are the only known bacteria to transform tetrachloroethene to ethene.

The Chloroflexota are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes, including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures; anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photosynthesis ; and anaerobic halorespirers, which uses halogenated organics as electron acceptors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bacterial phyla</span> Phyla or divisions of the domain Bacteria

Bacterial phyla constitute the major lineages of the domain Bacteria. While the exact definition of a bacterial phylum is debated, a popular definition is that a bacterial phylum is a monophyletic lineage of bacteria whose 16S rRNA genes share a pairwise sequence identity of ~75% or less with those of the members of other bacterial phyla.

Acetohalobium is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria).

Acidicaldus is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria), whose sole member is an acidophilic thermophile.

Adlercreutzia is a genus in the phylum Actinomycetota (Bacteria).

Dechloromonas is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria).

Dehalogenimonas is a genus in the phylum Chloroflexota (Bacteria). Members of the genus Dehalogenimonas can be referred to as dehalogenimonads.

Agromyces is a genus in the phylum Actinomycetota (Bacteria).

<i>Aliivibrio</i> Genus of bacteria

Aliivibrio is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria).

Alkalibacillus is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria).

Nisaea is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria), which contains two species, namely N. denitrificans and N. nitritireducens, which were described in 2008.

There are several models of the Branching order of bacterial phyla, one of these was proposed in 1987 paper by Carl Woese.

Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens is an anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria in the phylum Chloroflexota isolated from a Superfund site in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. It is useful in bioremediation for its ability to reductively dehalogenate chlorinated alkanes.

Mahella is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria). The name Mahella derives from: Neo-Latin feminine gender dim. noun Mahella, named in honour of the American microbiologist Professor R.A. Mah, for his important contribution to the taxonomy of anaerobes.

Anaerolineaceae is a family of bacteria from the order of Anaerolineales. Anaerolineaceae bacteria occur in marine sediments. There are a total of twelve genera in this family, most of which only encompass one species. All known members of the family are Gram-negative and non-motile. They also do not form bacterial spores and are either mesophilic or thermophilic obligate anaerobes. It is also known that all species in this family are chemoheterotrophs.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Löffler FE, Yan J, Ritalahti KM, Adrian L, Edwards EA, Konstantinidis KT, Muller JA, Fullerton H, Zinder SH, Spormann AM. (2013). "Dehalococcoides mccartyi gen. nov., sp. nov., obligately organohalide-respiring anaerobic bacteria relevant to halogen cycling and bioremediation, belong to a novel bacterial class, Dehalococcoidia classis nov., order Dehalococcoidales ord. nov. and family Dehalococcoidaceae fam. nov., within the phylum Chloroflexi". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 63 (Pt 2): 625–635. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.034926-0. PMID   22544797.
  2. ↑ Hugenholtz, P.; Stackebrandt, E. (2004). "Reclassification of Sphaerobacter thermophilus from the subclass Sphaerobacteridae in the phylum Actinobacteria to the class Thermomicrobia (emended description) in the phylum Chloroflexi (emended description)". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (6): 2049–2051. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.03028-0 . PMID   15545432.
  3. ↑ Lebron, C. A.; Petrovskis, E.; Loeffler, F. & Henn, K. (2011). "Guidance Protocol: Application of Nucleic Acid-Based Tools for Monitoring Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA), Biostimulation, and Bioaugmentation at Chlorinated Solvent Sites" (PDF).{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. 1 2 Maymo-Gatell, X.; Chien, Y.; Gossett, J. M.; Zinder, S. H. (1997). "Isolation of a Bacterium That Reductively Dechlorinates Tetrachloroethene to Ethene". Science. 276 (5318): 1568–1571. doi:10.1126/science.276.5318.1568. PMID   9171062.
  5. 1 2 Moe W.M.; Yan J.; Nobre M.F.; Da Costa M.S.; Rainey F.A. (2009). "Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens gen. nov., sp. nov., a reductively dehalogenating bacterium isolated from chlorinated solvent-contaminated groundwater". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 59 (11): 2692–2697. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.011502-0 . PMID   19625421.
  6. ↑ Classification entry in LPSN ; Euzéby, J.P. (1997). "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 47 (2): 590–2. doi: 10.1099/00207713-47-2-590 . PMID   9103655.
  7. ↑ Dehalogenimonas entry in LPSN ; Euzéby, J.P. (1997). "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 47 (2): 590–2. doi: 10.1099/00207713-47-2-590 . PMID   9103655.
  8. ↑ Maymo-Gatell X, Chien Y, Gossett JM, Zinder SH (1997). "Isolation of a bacterium that reductively dechlorinates tetrachloroethene to ethene". Science. 276 (5318): 1568–1571. doi:10.1126/science.276.5318.1568. PMID   9171062.
  9. ↑ Don J. Brenner; Noel R. Krieg; James T. Staley (July 26, 2005) [1984(Williams & Wilkins)]. George M. Garrity (ed.). Introductory Essays. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 2A (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. p. 304. ISBN   978-0-387-24143-2. British Library no. GBA561951.
  10. ↑ Fazi, S.; Aulenta, F.; Majone, M.; Rossetti, S. (2008). "Improved quantification of Dehalococcoides species by fluorescence in situ hybridization and catalyzed reporter deposition". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 31 (1): 62–67. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2007.11.001. PMID   18249080.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.