Down St Mary

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Down St Mary
Down St Mary - the green - geograph.org.uk - 213996.jpg
The Green
Devon UK location map.svg
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Down St Mary
Location within Devon
Population374  [1]
OS grid reference SX7404
Civil parish
  • Down St Mary
District
Shire county
Region
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town CREDITON
Postcode district EX17
Dialling code 01363
Police Devon and Cornwall
Fire Devon and Somerset
Ambulance South Western
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Devon
50°49′30″N3°47′00″W / 50.825°N 3.783333°W / 50.825; -3.783333

Down St Mary is a small village and civil parish in Mid Devon in the English county of Devon. It also gives its name to a Church of England parish, which encompasses both it and the civil parish of Copplestone.

Contents

History

The parish church is dedicated to St Mary, and sits on a hill, for which the Old English word was "dun"; this provides the origin of the village and parish name. [2] The lands of the current civil parish of Down St Mary, in addition to some outlying lands, were given as gift of three hides by King Edgar the Peaceful to a minister named Ælfhere in 974. [3] Much of the borders of this gift, such those defined by the River Yeo and Knighty Brook, and the A3072, [4] remain the borders of the parish. [5] The Domesday Book of 1086 mentions three places within the boundaries of the modern civil parish: the village itself, then owned partially by Buckfast Abbey and partially by the King; Wolfin, an extant farmstead then owned by Walter de Claville; and Chaffcombe, an extant hamlet recorded then as having no inhabitants. Of the 39 recorded households, 11 were those of slaves.

In 1854, Morchard Road railway station and Copplestone railway station were opened by the North Devon Railway near the edges of the parish (since 1993, the latter now sits in the civil parish of Copplestone [6] ). Ernie Bevin (1881–1951), the son of a railway worker and later a prominent member of the World War 2 coalition government and Atlee Ministry, lived at both locations as a young boy. [7]

Governance

As of 2026, the most recent parish council election (2024) was unopposed and left vacancies, which were then filled by co-option (election by existing councillors). [8] The parish sits in the Upper Yeo and Taw ward for the purposes of Mid Devon district council elections, and has been represented by two Liberal Democrat district councillors since 2024. For Devon County Council elections it sits in the Creedy Taw and Mid Exe ward, which was created for the 2017 election and since 2025 has been represented by a Liberal Democrat councillor. Nationally, the parish has lain since 2010 in the parliamentary constituency of Central Devon, representative by a Conservative MP, Mel Stride.

Geography

The village is approximately 21 km (13 mi) north-west of Exeter, and approximately 266 km (165 mi) south-west of London. It sits on one of several hills in an undulating agricultural landscape. Several small watercourses bound and penetrate the parish, but none cross it. The valleys associated with the watercourses set a minimum elevation around 90 m; the hilltops vary in elevation from a little over 100 m, to 176 m. Alluvial deposits of silt, clay and gravel are present due to the watercourses. In some areas these deposits are known to be between about 11 and 125 thousand years old; in others they are only known to have been laid down at some point between 2.5 million years ago and the present. The bedrock of the southern parish border is substantially breccia from the Bow breccia formation, created in the Permian, approximately 300 to 250 million years ago; the bedrock throughout the rest of the parish is about 10–20 million years older, from the Carboniferous Bude formation, and comprises mixed strips of mudstone and siltstone, and sandstone. All of the bedrock of the parish was formed underwater. [9] The bedrock imparts a characteristic red colour to the soil; the Bow breccia formation forms part of the Devon Redlands.

As of 2022, land use data is available at the level of lower Layer Super Output Area; Down St Mary parish forms the easternmost part of an area also including the parishes of Wembworthy, Brushford, Eggesford, Coldridge, Nymet Rowland, and Zeal Monachorum. 82 % of this area is used for agriculture, 12 % is forest, land and open water, and 3 % is taken up by transport and utilities infrastructure. Residential use occupies less than 1 %. [10]

References

  1. ↑ Census, 2021
  2. ↑ Mills, A. D. (2011). "A Dictionary of British Place Names". Oxford University Press. ISBN   9780191739446 . Retrieved 25 October 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)
  3. ↑ "S 795: A.D. 974. King Edgar to Ælfhere, his faithful minister; grant of 3 hides (mansae) at Nymed (Woolfin in Down St Mary, Devon). Latin with English bounds". Electronic Sawyer. 974. Retrieved 25 October 2026.
  4. ↑ Finberg, H. P. R. (1960), A supplement to The Early Charters of Devon and Cornwall, Department of English Local History Occasional Papers, vol. 13, Hertfordshire, UK: Leicester University Press, pp. 27–29, retrieved 14 December 2024
  5. ↑ Ross, J. (2013). "Down St Mary Parish" (PDF). Mid Devon District Council. Retrieved 25 October 2026.
  6. ↑ Quick, Alan (15 November 2018). "New war memorial dedication a fine achievement for Copplestone". Crediton Courier. Tindle Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved 25 October 2026.
  7. ↑ Wrigley, Chris (23 September 2004). "Bevin, Ernest". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 25 October 2026.
  8. ↑ "Welcome to Down St Mary". Down St Mary Parish Council. Retrieved 25 October 2026.
  9. ↑ BGS Geology Viewer (Map). British Geological Society. Retrieved 25 October 2026.
  10. ↑ Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (27 October 2022). Land Use in England, 2022 (Report). UK Government. Retrieved 25 October 2026.

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