The sac spiders of the family Clubionidae are nocturnal, sac-building hunting spiders with a near-worldwide distribution. Their sacs, silken retreats in which they hide during the day, may be made in a variety of places, including between folded leaves or grass blades, under bark and below rocks or other ground litter.
Opisthothelae is a suborder of spiders within the order Araneae, containing Mygalomorphae and Araneomorphae, but excluding Mesothelae. The Opisthothelae are sometimes presented as an unranked clade and sometimes as a suborder of Araneae. In the latter case, Mygalomorphae and Araneomorphae are treated as infraorders.
Nyssus coloripes, known commonly in Australia as the orange-legged swift spider, but also as the spotted ground swift spider, the fleet footed spider and the painted swift spider, is a spider belonging to the family Corinnidae. It is found commonly in Australia and New Zealand.
Porrhoclubiona diniensis, synonym Clubiona diniensis, is a sac spider species found in Portugal, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Spain and France.
Porrhoclubiona vegeta, synonym Clubiona vegeta, is a sac spider species found in Southern Europe, the Caucasus, Iran, North Africa and the Canary Islands.
Trachelidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897 as a subfamily called "Tracheleae". The Trachelidae family, also known as "ground sac spiders", is within the group of spiders known as the RTA clade, which includes mostly wandering spiders that do not use webs. Spiders in the Trachelidae family are characterized as being 3-10mm long and having a red cephalothorax and a yellow/tan abdomen. They are commonly found indoors. It was placed in the family Clubionidae, then later in Corinnidae when the Clubionidae were split up. The first study that suggested Trachelidae should be considered its own family was done by Deeleman-reinhold in 2001 as part of an analysis of RTA Clade spiders. An analysis by Martín J. Ramírez in 2014 suggested that it was not closely related to other members of the Corinnidae, and was better treated as a separate family. It was then placed in the CTC clade of spiders, or the Claw Tuft Clasper clade, which is a group of spiders that have two tarsal claws with tufts of hair.
Utivarachna is a genus of Asian araneomorph spiders in the family Trachelidae first described by Kyukichi Kishida in 1940. It was largely ignored until Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold revised the sac and ground spiders in 2001, transferring some species from Trachelas and adding several new ones. The genus was further expanded in 2014 and 2015.
Elaver is a genus of sac spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1898.
Wanda Wesołowska is a Polish zoologist known for her work with jumping spiders. She has described more species of jumping spider than any contemporary writer, and is second only to Eugène Simon in the history of arachnology. Originally a student of ornithology, she developed an interest in jumping spiders while still a student at the Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in the 1970s.
Elaver achuca is a species of spider in the spider family Clubionidae. It was first named Clubionoides achuca in 1966. The species is close in structure and appearance to Elaver excepta, but the ventral division of E. achuca's tibial apophysis is not as broad as that of E. excepta, and the dorsal division is strongly curved.
Elaver chisosa is a species of spider in the spider family Clubionidae. It was first named Clubionoides chisosa when circumscribed in 1966.
Clubiona marna is a species of spider in the spider family Clubionidae. It was first circumscribed in 1966.
Elaver excepta is a species of sac spider in the family Clubionidae. It is found in North America and the Caribbean.
Bucliona is a genus of sac spiders first described by Pierre L.G. Benoit in 1977. As of November 2021 it contains only three species: B. dubia, B. jucunda, and B. kirilli. It was synonymized with Clubiona in 1997, but was elevated back to genus in 2021. The type species was originally described under the name "Clubiona dubia".
Femorbiona is a genus of Asian sac spiders first described by J. S. Zhang, H. Yu and S. Q. Li in 2021. As of November 2021 it contains only 3 species: F. brachyptera, F. phami, and F. shenzhen.
Ramosatidia is a monotypic genus of east Asian sac spiders containing the single species, Ramosatidia situ. It was first described by J. S. Zhang, H. Yu and S. Q. Li in 2021, and it has only been found in China.
Sinostidia is a small genus of east Asian sac spiders. It was first described by J. S. Zhang, H. Yu and S. Q. Li in 2021, and it has only been found in China. As of November 2021 it contains only two species: S. dujiao and S. shuangjiao.
Capobula is a genus of southern African spiders in the family Trachelidae. The type species was first described by Eugène Simon from a juvenile found in South Africa. It was placed with Orthobula for several morphological similarities, including a large sclerite beneath the abdomen and spines behind several of the legs. After a more thorough examination in 2021, including both male and female adults, enough distinctive features were found in the holotype and several other newly discovered species to warrant a new genus.
