Austrochilidae

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Austrochilidae
Thaida peculiaris - Hernan Augusto Iuri - 107756308.jpeg
Thaida peculiaris
Austrochilidae spiderweb.jpg
Web of Austrochilidae species
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Austrochilidae
Zapfe, 1955
Genera
Diversity
2 genera, 9 species
Austrochilidae range map.svg
blue: reported countries (WSC)

Austrochilidae is a small spider family with nine species in two genera. [1] Austrochilus and Thaida are endemic to the Andean forest of central and southern Chile and adjacent Argentina. [2]

Contents

Taxonomy

Thaida chepu, male eyes Thaida chepu male, eyes.jpg
Thaida chepu , male eyes

As of 2026, two genera are placed in the family Austrochilidae: Austrochilus and Thaida , found in Chile and Argentina. [1] The taxonomic placement of these genera has varied.

In 1968, Lehtinen synonymized Austrochilus and Thaida under the latter name, placing the genus in a family he called "Thaididae". [3] However, the family name "Thaididae" is preoccupied, being first used for a family of gastropods in 1887. [1]

A single family was accepted by Forster et al. in 1987, under the name "Austrochilidae". [2] Molecular phylogenetic studies agree in placing the two genera as basal members of the Araneomorphae, although the precise details and the family placement are not yet agreed. [4]

Phylogeny

One hypothesis for the phylogeny of the genera placed in the family is shown below (Austrochilidae genera in bold). The family shows a mixture of "primitive" and "advanced" features. The retention of four book lungs places the family at the base of the Araneomorphae, whereas some features of their silk production are regarded as derived. [4]

Araneomorphae

Genera

As of January 2026, this family includes two genera and nine species: [1]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Family Austrochilidae Zapfe, 1955". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2 . Retrieved 2026-01-18.
  2. 1 2 Forster, R.R.; Platnick, N.I. & Gray, M.R. (1987). "A review of the spider superfamilies Hypochiloidea and Austrochiloidea (Araneae, Araneomorphae)" (PDF). American Museum of Natural History. 185 (1). Retrieved 2017-05-11.
  3. ↑ Lehtinen, P.T. (1967). "Classification of the cribellate spiders and some allied families, with notes on the evolution of the suborder Araneomorpha". Annales Zoologici Fennici. 4: 199–468.
  4. 1 2 Wheeler, Ward C.; Coddington, Jonathan A.; Crowley, Louise M.; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Goloboff, Pablo A.; Griswold, Charles E.; Hormiga, Gustavo; Prendini, Lorenzo; Ramírez, Martín J.; Sierwald, Petra; Almeida-Silva, Lina; Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando; Arnedo, Miquel A.; Benavides Silva, Ligia R.; Benjamin, Suresh P.; Bond, Jason E.; Grismado, Cristian J.; Hasan, Emile; Hedin, Marshal; Izquierdo, Matías A.; Labarque, Facundo M.; Ledford, Joel; Lopardo, Lara; Maddison, Wayne P.; Miller, Jeremy A.; Piacentini, Luis N.; Platnick, Norman I.; Polotow, Daniele; Silva-Dávila, Diana; Scharff, Nikolaj; Szűts, Tamás; Ubick, Darrell; Vink, Cor J.; Wood, Hannah M. & Zhang, Junxia (2016). "The spider tree of life: phylogeny of Araneae based on target-gene analyses from an extensive taxon sampling". Cladistics. 33 (6): 574–616. doi: 10.1111/cla.12182 . PMID   34724759. S2CID   35535038.
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