GLASS-z12

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GLASS-z12
NASA-GLASS-z13-Closeup-JWST-20220722.jpg
Close-up view of GLASS-z12 from the James Webb Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Sculptor
Right ascension 00h 13m 59.76s [1]
Declination −30° 19′ 29.1″ [1]
Redshift 12.117±0.012 (spectroscopic) [2]
12.4+0.1
−0.3 [1]
12.42+0.27
−0.14 [3]
12.28+0.08
−0.07 [4]
Distance
Apparent magnitude  (V)27.0 AB (F200W) [1]
Characteristics
Mass ≈1.0×109  M☉
Size~3000 ly (1 kpc)
Half-light radius  (physical)500 pc
Other designations
GHZ2 [6] [7]  ·GLASS-17487 [3]
References: [1]

GLASS-z12 (formerly known as GLASS-z13) is a Lyman-break galaxy discovered by the Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS) observing program using the James Webb Space Telescope's NIRCam in July 2022. [8] [9] Spectroscopic observations of GLASS-z12 by the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) in August 2022 confirmed that the galaxy has a spectroscopic redshift of 12.117±0.012, making it one of the earliest and most distant galaxies ever discovered, dating back to just 350 million years after the Big Bang, 13.6 billion years ago. [10] [5] ALMA observations detected an emission line associated with doubly ionized oxygen (O III) at 258.7 GHz with a significance of 5σ, suggesting that there is very low dust content in GLASS-z12, if not the early universe as well. [2] Also based on oxygen-related measurements, the age of the galaxy is confirmed. [11] [12]

GLASS-z12 derives its name from the GLASS survey that discovered it and its estimated photometric redshift of approximately z = 12.4+0.1
−0.3. [1] GLASS-z12 was initially announced as GLASS-z13 because it was thought to have a higher redshift of z = 13.1. [7] [2] This redshift value was later revised down to z = 12.4 in October 2022, resulting in the renaming of this galaxy. [1]

GLASS-z12 has a light-travel distance (lookback time) of 13.6 billion years. [5] However, due to the expansion of the universe, its present proper distance is 33.2 billion light-years. [5] It was discovered alongside another galaxy, GLASS-z10, comparable to GN-z11, also one of the oldest galaxies discovered. [10]

Color composite of JWST-NIRCam images showing GLASS-z12 as a red dot among other galaxies NASA-GLASS-z13-Context-JWST-20220722.jpg
Color composite of JWST-NIRCam images showing GLASS-z12 as a red dot among other galaxies

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Naidu, Rohan P.; et al. (November 2022). "Two Remarkably Luminous Galaxy Candidates at z ≈ 10 − 12 Revealed by JWST". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 940 (1): 11. arXiv: 2207.09434 . Bibcode:2022ApJ...940L..14N. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac9b22 . S2CID   250644267. L14.
  2. 1 2 3 Bakx, Tom J. L. C.; et al. (2023). "Deep ALMA redshift search of a z ~ 12 GLASS-JWST galaxy candidate". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 519 (4): 5076–5085. arXiv: 2208.13642 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3723.
  3. 1 2 Donnan, C. T.; et al. (November 2022). "The evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity function at redshifts z ≃ 8 - 15 from deep JWST and ground-based near-infrared imaging". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 518 (4): 6011–6040. arXiv: 2207.12356 . Bibcode:2023MNRAS.518.6011D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3472.
  4. ↑ Harikane, Yuichi; et al. (2023). "A Comprehensive Study of Galaxies at z ~ 9–16 Found in the Early JWST Data: Ultraviolet Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star Formation History at the Pre-reionization Epoch". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 265 (1): 5. arXiv: 2208.01612 . Bibcode:2023ApJS..265....5H. doi: 10.3847/1538-4365/acaaa9 . S2CID   251253150.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Wright, Edward L. (2022). "Ned Wright's Javascript Cosmology Calculator". University of California, Los Angeles. Retrieved 24 November 2022. (H0=67.4 and OmegaM=0.315 (see Table/Planck2018 at "Lambda-CDM model#Parameters" )
  6. ↑ Castellano, Marco; et al. (July 2022). "Early Results from GLASS-JWST. III. Galaxy Candidates at z ~9–15". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 938 (2): L15. arXiv: 2207.09436 . Bibcode:2022ApJ...938L..15C. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac94d0 . S2CID   250644263.
  7. 1 2 Koren, Marina (22 July 2022). "The Webb Space Telescope Is a Time Machine Observed". The Atlantic. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  8. ↑ O'Callaghan, Jonathan (20 July 2022). "JWST has found the oldest galaxy we have ever seen in the universe - Discoveries from the James Webb Space Telescope are pouring in, with an analysis of the latest data revealing a galaxy that dates back to just 300 million years after the big bang – the oldest we have ever seen". New Scientist . Retrieved 12 February 2023.
  9. ↑ O'Callaghan, Jonathan (14 September 2022). "JWST's First Glimpses of Early Galaxies Could Break Cosmology - The James Webb Space Telescope's first images of the distant universe shocked astronomers. Is the discovery of unimaginably distant galaxies a mirage, or a revolution?". Scientific American . Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  10. 1 2 Adkins, Jamie (17 November 2022). "NASA's Webb Draws Back Curtain on Universe's Early Galaxies". NASA. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  11. ↑ Staff (25 January 2023). "Astronomers confirm age of most distant galaxy using oxygen". Phys.org . Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  12. ↑ Bakx, Tom J.L.C.; et al. (23 December 2022). "Deep ALMA redshift search of a z ~ 12 GLASS-JWST galaxy candidate". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 519 (4): 5076–5085. arXiv: 2208.13642 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stac3723 . Retrieved 26 January 2023.
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