Greens–European Free Alliance

Last updated

The Greens/European
Free Alliance
European Parliament group
GreensEFA logo-en.svg
NameThe Greens/European Free Alliance
English abbr.Greens/EFA [1]
French abbr.Verts/ALE [2]
Formal nameParliamentary Group of The Greens/European Free Alliance in the European Parliament
Ideology Green politics
Political position Centre-left [3] to left-wing [4]
European parties European Green Party (majority)
Volt Europa (majority)
European Free Alliance (minority)
European Pirate Party (majority)
From1999;26 years ago (1999)
Preceded by The Green Group
European Radical Alliance
Chaired by Bas Eickhout
Terry Reintke
MEP(s)
53 / 720
Website greens-efa.eu

The Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) is a political group of the European Parliament composed primarily of green political parties. [5] [6] [7]

Contents

The group consists of four distinct European political parties, namely the European Green Party (EGP), Volt Europa (Volt), part of the European Free Alliance (EFA) and the European Pirate Party (PPEU).

History

Formed following the 1999 European elections for the 5th European Parliament, the group has generally limited its membership to progressive parties. [8] These European parties are joined by MEPs from non-aligned national parties, which have included the Dutch Europe Transparent (2004–2009) and the Swedish (2009–2014), German (2014–) and Czech (2019–) Pirate Parties. [9]

9th European Parliament

On 9 June 2019, following a pan-European vote of party members, Volt Europa chose to join the Greens–European Free Alliance group in the European Parliament. [10] [11]

10th European Parliament

On 19 June 2024, the group elected Bas Eickhout, and re-elected Terry Reintke, as Co-Presidents of the group. [12] On 25 June, the group elected the members of its bureau. [13]

MEPs

10th European Parliament

Greens-European Free Alliance has MEPs in 17 member states. Dark green indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light green indicates member states sending a single MEP. Greens-European Free Alliance MEPs since 2024.svg
Greens–European Free Alliance has MEPs in 17 member states. Dark green indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light green indicates member states sending a single MEP.
StateNational partyEuropean partyMEPs [14]
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
2 / 20
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Ecolo EGP
1 / 22
Green EGP
1 / 22
Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia We can! EGP
1 / 12
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Czech Pirate Party PPEU
1 / 21
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Green Left EGP
3 / 15
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland Green League EGP
2 / 15
Flag of France.svg  France The Ecologists EGP
5 / 81
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Alliance 90/The Greens EGP
12 / 96
Volt Germany Volt Europa
3 / 96
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Green Europe EGP
4 / 76
Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia The Progressives EGP
1 / 9
Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania Union of Democrats "For Lithuania" EGP
1 / 11
Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
4 / 31
Volt Netherlands Volt Europa
2 / 31
Flag of Romania.svg Romania Health Education Nature Sustainability Party
( Nicolae Ștefănuță )
Independent
1 / 33
Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Vesna - Green Party EGP
1 / 9
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Republican Left of Catalonia EFA
1 / 61
Galician Nationalist Bloc EFA
1 / 61
Catalunya en Comú EGP associate member
1 / 61
Més–Compromís EFA
1 / 61
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Green Party EGP
3 / 21
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Total
53 / 720

9th European Parliament

Greens-European Free Alliance MEPs 2019-2024. Dark green indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light green indicates member states sending a single MEP. Greens-European Free alliance 2019-2024 MEPs.svg
Greens–European Free Alliance MEPs 2019-2024. Dark green indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light green indicates member states sending a single MEP.
StateNational partyEuropean partyMEPs [15]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative
Die Grünen – Die Grüne Alternative (Grüne)
EGP                
3 / 19
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Ecolo EGP
2 / 8
Green
Groen
EGP
1 / 12
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Czech Pirate Party
Česká pirátská strana (Piráti)
PPEU
3 / 21
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Green Left
Socialistisk Folkeparti (SF)
EGP
2 / 14
Flag of Finland.svg Finland Green League
Vihreä liitto (Vihr)
EGP
3 / 14
Flag of France.svg France Europe Ecology – The Greens
Europe Écologie Les Verts(EELV)
EGP
10 / 79
Let's Do Corsica
Femu a Corsica (FaC)
EFA individual member
1 / 79
Breton Democratic Union
Unvaniezh Demokratel Breizh (UDB)
EFA
1 / 79
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Alliance 90/The Greens
Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Grüne)
EGP
21 / 96
Ecological Democratic Party
Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei (ÖDP)
EFA individual member
1 / 96
Pirate Party Germany
Piratenpartei Deutschland (Piraten)
PPEU
1 / 96
Volt Germany
Volt Deutschland (Volt)
Volt Europa
1 / 96
Independent
Nico Semsrott
Independent
1 / 96
Flag of Greece.svg Greece Kosmos
Κόσμος
None
1 / 21
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Territorial Equity Movement
Movimento Equità Territoriale (MET)
EFA individual member
1 / 76
Independents
Ignazio Corrao, Rosa D'Amato
Independent
2 / 76
Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland Green Party
Comhaontas Glas
EGP
2 / 13
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union
Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga (LVŽS)
None
2 / 11
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg The Greens
Déi Gréng (DG)
EGP
1 / 6
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands GreenLeft
GroenLinks (GL)
EGP
3 / 29
Flag of Poland.svg Poland Independent
Sylwia Spurek
Independent
1 / 52
Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal Independent
Francisco Guerreiro
Independent
1 / 21
Flag of Romania.svg Romania Independent
Nicolae Ștefănuță
Independent
1 / 33
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Republican Left of Catalonia
Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC)
EFA
2 / 59
Galician Nationalist Bloc
Bloque Nacionalista Galego (BNG)
EFA
1 / 59
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Green Party
Miljöpartiet de gröna (MP)
EGP
3 / 21
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Total
72 / 705

8th European Parliament

StateNational partyEuropean party MEPs 2014 [16]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
3 / 18
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Ecolo EGP
1 / 21
Green EGP
1 / 21
Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia ORaH [B 1] EGP
1 / 11
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 13
Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia Indrek Tarand (independent) Independent [17]
1 / 6
Flag of Finland.svg Finland Green League EGP
1 / 13
Flag of France.svg France Europe Ecology – The Greens [B 2] EGP
6 / 74
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
11 / 96
Pirate Party PPEU
1 / 96
Ecological Democratic Party None
1 / 96
Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Politics Can Be Different EGP
1 / 21
Dialogue for Hungary None
1 / 21
Flag of Italy.svg Italy Federation of the Greens EGP
1 / 73
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 8
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union None
1 / 11
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
2 / 26
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Republican Left of Catalonia [B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Coalició Compromís EFA
1 / 54
New Catalan Left EFA
1 / 54
Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Verjamem None
1 / 8
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Green Party EGP
4 / 20
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
3 / 73
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 73
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 73
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Total
52 / 751

7th European Parliament

StateNational partyEuropean party MEPs 2009 [18]
Flag of Austria.svg Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
2 / 19
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Ecolo EGP
2 / 22
Green EGP
1 / 22
New Flemish Alliance [B 4] EFA
1 / 22
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 13
Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia Indrek Tarand (independent) Independent [17]
1 / 6
Flag of Finland.svg Finland Green League EGP
2 / 13
Flag of France.svg France The Greens EGP
15 / 74
Party of the Corsican Nation EFA
1 / 72
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
14 / 99
Flag of Greece.svg Greece Ecologist Greens EGP
1 / 22
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 9
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
3 / 26
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Republican Left of Catalonia [B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Green Party EGP
2 / 20
Pirate Party PPEU
2 / 20
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
2 / 73
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 73
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 73
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Total
55 / 751

6th European Parliament

StateNational partyEuropean party MEPs 2004
Flag of Austria.svg Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
2 / 19
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Ecolo EGP
1 / 24
Green EGP
1 / 24
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 14
Flag of Finland.svg Finland Green League EGP
1 / 14
Flag of France.svg France The Greens EGP
6 / 78
Party of the Corsican Nation EFA
1 / 78
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
13 / 99
Flag of Italy.svg Italy Federation of the Greens EGP
2 / 78
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 9
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
2 / 23
Europe Transparent None
2 / 23
Flag of Romania.svg Romania László Tőkés (independent) [B 5] Independent
1 / 35
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Republican Left of Catalonia [B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Green Party EGP
1 / 19
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
2 / 78
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 78
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 78
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Total
42 / 751

5th European Parliament

StateNational partyEuropean party MEPs 1999
Flag of Austria.svg Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
2 / 21
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Ecolo EGP
3 / 25
Green EGP
2 / 25
People's Union EFA
2 / 25
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 16
Flag of Finland.svg Finland Green League EGP
2 / 15
Flag of France.svg France The Greens EGP
9 / 87
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
7 / 99
Flag of Italy.svg Italy Federation of the Greens EGP
2 / 87
Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland Green Party EGP
2 / 15
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
2 / 23
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Eusko Alkartasuna PNV
1 / 63
Basque Nationalist Party PNV
1 / 63
Andalusian Party EC
1 / 63
Galician Nationalist Bloc EFA
1 / 63
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Green Party EGP
2 / 22
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
2 / 87
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 87
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
2 / 87
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Total
48 / 626


    1. From 20 April 2016 the MEP Davor Škrlec become independent
    2. For 2019 it include Benoît Biteau, an independent politician
    3. 1 2 3 Until 31 December 2011.
    4. From 2004 to 2009 with EPP-ED and from 2014 with ECR
    5. Realigned with the EPP since 2009

    Group leadership

    Presidents

    The Greens/EFA group is usually co-chaired by 2 presidents, at least one of them must be a woman.

    Co-chairpersonTook officeLeft officeCountry
    (Constituency)
    PartyCo-chairpersonTook officeLeft officeCountry
    (Constituency)
    Party
    Paul Lannoye Paul Lannoye.jpg 19992004Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
    (French)
    Ecolo Logo.svg
    Ecolo
    Heidi Hautala Heidi Hautala IF MOW 04-2011.jpg 19992004Flag of Finland.svg  Finland Vihreat.svg
    Green League
    Daniel Cohn-Bendit Daniel Cohn-Bendit (45048897371) (cropped).jpg 20042014Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Bundnis 90 - Die Grunen Logo (transparent).svg
    Alliance 90/
    The Greens
    Monica Frassoni Monica Frassoni 2019.jpg 20042009Flag of Italy.svg  Italy
    (North-West)

    Federation of the Greens
    Rebecca Harms Rebecca Harms.jpg 20092016Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Bundnis 90 - Die Grunen Logo (transparent).svg
    Alliance 90/
    The Greens
    Philippe Lamberts Brexit debate - Philippe Lamberts (Greens EFA, Belgium) (48753084208).jpg 20142024Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
    (French)
    Ecolo Logo.svg
    Ecolo
    Ska Keller Ska Keller - Claim the Climate march (cropped).jpg 20162022Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Bundnis 90 - Die Grunen Logo (transparent).svg
    Alliance 90/
    The Greens
    Terry Reintke BDK Karlsruhe Nov 2023 Terry Reintke 2 cropped.jpg 2022presentFlag of Germany.svg  Germany Bundnis 90 - Die Grunen Logo (transparent).svg
    Alliance 90/
    The Greens
    Bas Eickhout Bas Eickhout EuranetPlusSummit2019 (40556671113) (cropped).jpg 2024presentFlag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands GroenLinks logo (1994-present).svg
    GroenLinks

    Bureau

    2024–present

    Group bureau during the 10th European Parliament. [13]

    PositionNameNational PartyEuropean Party
    Co-President Bas Eickhout Flag of the Netherlands.svg GroenLinks EGP
    Co-President Terry Reintke Flag of Germany.svg The Greens EGP
    Treasurer and
    Vice-President
    Kira Marie Peter-Hansen Flag of Denmark.svg Green Left EGP
    Vice-President Alice Bah Kuhnke Flag of Sweden.svg Green Party EGP
    Vice-President Marie Toussaint Flag of France.svg The Ecologists EGP
    Vice-President Virginijus Sinkevičius Flag of Lithuania.svg Union of Democrats EGP
    Vice-President Ignazio Marino Flag of Italy.svg Green Europe EGP
    Vice-President Sergey Lagodinsky Flag of Germany.svg The Greens EGP
    President of
    the EFA delegation
    Diana Riba Flag of Spain.svg Republican Left of Catalonia EFA

    European Parliament results

    Election yearNo. of
    overall seats won
    +/–
    1999
    48 / 626
    Increase2.svg 48
    2004
    42 / 732
    Decrease2.svg 6
    2009
    55 / 736
    Increase2.svg 13
    2014
    50 / 751
    Decrease2.svg 5
    2019 (pre-Brexit)
    74 / 751
    [19]
    Increase2.svg 24
    2019 (post-Brexit)
    69 / 705
    Decrease2.svg 5
    2024
    53 / 720
    Decrease2.svg 16

    References

    1. "Who we are". Archived 18 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine . Greens-efa.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    2. "Qui sommes-nous ?" Archived 23 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine . Greens-efa.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    3. "The Greens – The Green Alternative". The Democratic Society. 3 February 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
    4. "Austrian government teeters as Greens seek options to oust PM Kurz". Reuters. 8 October 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
    5. Tapio Raunio (2012). "Political Interests: The European Parliament's Party Groups". In John Peterson; Michael Shackleton (eds.). The Institutions of the European Union. Oxford University Press. p. 341. ISBN   978-0-19-957498-8.
    6. Andreas Staab (2011). The European Union Explained, Second Edition: Institutions, Actors, Global Impact. Indiana University Press. p. 67. ISBN   978-0-253-00164-1.
    7. Lori Thorlakson (2013). "Federalism and the European Party System". In Alexander H. Trechsel (ed.). Towards a Federal Europe. Taylor & Francis. p. 72. ISBN   978-1-317-99818-1.
    8. Gupta, Devashree (April 2008). "Nationalism across borders: transnational nationalist advocacy in the European Union". Comparative European Politics . 6 (1): 61–80. doi:10.1057/palgrave.cep.6110127. S2CID   144152782.
    9. "VoteWatch Europe: European Parliament, Council of the EU" Archived 10 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine . Votewatch.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    10. @EuropeElects (9 June 2019). "EU28: Volt Europa membership vote on..." (Tweet) via Twitter.
    11. Petitjean, Euranet Plus News Agency | Sophie (12 June 2019). "Volt Europa : "We need European solutions to European problems"".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
    12. "GREENS/EFA Group elects Bas Eickhout and Terry Reintke as Co-Presidents". Greens/EFA Group. 19 June 2024.
    13. 1 2 "Greens/EFA Group elects bureau". Greens/EFA. 25 June 2024.
    14. "MEPs by Member State and political group" . Retrieved 17 July 2024.
    15. "MEPs by Member State and political group" . Retrieved 9 December 2022.
    16. See the 2014 European Parliament election results.
    17. 1 2 "Indrek Tarand". European Parliament. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
    18. "List of elected MEPs". Greens-efa.eu. Archived 9 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
    19. "2019 Election Results" Archived 27 May 2019 at the Wayback Machine . Election-Results.eu. Retrieved 26 May 2019.