HH70

Last updated
HH70
Honghuang 70
Device type Tokamak
LocationChina
AffiliationEnergy Singularity
Technical specifications
Major radius0.75  m [1]
Minor radius0.31  m [1]
Magnetic field 0.6  T [1]
History
Year(s) of operation2024–present

HH70 is a tokamak developed by the Chinese fusion energy company Energy Singularity in operation since June 2024. The reactor is notable for being the first tokamak to employ high-temperature superconductors exclusively for its magnet system.

Contents

History

Energy Singularity was established in June 2021. The design work on the HH70 reactor began in March 2022. HH70 was conceived to be smaller and more cost-effective than conventional tokamaks by using high-temperature superconductors. [2] The installation was completed in February 2024 and first plasma was achieved in June 2024. [3] Energy Singularity already begun planning for a successor, the H170, which aims to achieve a fusion energy gain factor (Q) greater than 10 by 2027. [4]

Technology

Unlike earlier tokamaks such as the Joint European Torus or the planned ITER, HH70's magnet system is built entirely with high-temperature superconductors. The choice of ReBCO as material for its superconductors significantly reduces the reactor's required volume. [2] A similar approach is being pursued by Commonwealth Fusion Systems with SPARC. The successful achievement of first plasma of HH70 in 2024 has been interpreted as evidence of a first-mover advantage for China in a critical field of fusion energy. [5] In late 2024, a toroidal magnetic field exceeding 1 Tesla was achieved. [6]

See also


References

  1. 1 2 3 Li, Z. Y.; Pan, Z. C.; Zhang, Q. J.; Zhu, K. P.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, Z. W.; Dong, G.; Ye, Y. M.; Yang, Z. (2024-12-01). "Development and construction of magnet system for world's first full high temperature superconducting tokamak". Superconductivity. 12: 100137. doi:10.1016/j.supcon.2024.100137. ISSN   2772-8307.
  2. 1 2 Malayil, Jijo. "Energy Singularity seeks $500M for record-breaking fusion reactor". Interesting Engineering. Retrieved 2025-02-15.
  3. ↑ "China's commercial 'artificial sun' achieves first discharge-Ecns.cn". ECNS. Retrieved 2025-02-15.
  4. ↑ Guardian, Sri Lanka (2025-01-29). "China Surpasses U.S. in Nuclear Fusion Race, Breaks Record Again". slguardian.org. Retrieved 2025-02-15.
  5. ↑ "China Has Just Gained First-Mover Advantage In Nuclear Fusion". Energy Central. 2024-07-21. Retrieved 2025-02-15.
  6. ↑ Energysingularity, 由 (2024-12-31). "The Toroidal Magnetic Field (B0) of HH70 Exceeded 1 Tesla – Energy Singularity" (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 2025-02-15.
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