| Himalayan mole | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Eulipotyphla |
| Family: | Talpidae |
| Genus: | Euroscaptor |
| Species: | E. micrurus |
| Binomial name | |
| Euroscaptor micrurus (Hodgson, 1841) | |
 | |
| Himalayan mole range (erroneously includes E. malayanus) | |
| Synonyms | |
Euroscaptor micrura | |
The Himalayan mole (Euroscaptor micrurus) or short-tailed mole [2] is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae.
The Malaysian mole (E. malayanus) of peninsular Malaysia was sometimes (erroneously) considered to be a population of the Himalayan mole accidentally introduced to the Cameron Highlands in the soil of tea imported from Darjeeling, due to its highly disjunct range from any other mole species and it mostly being found around tea plantations. However, genetic studies have affirmed its status as a distinct species endemic to Malaysia. [3]
The Himalayan mole is nocturnal and solitary in nature and lives in a burrow. [4] It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Malaysia, and Nepal. In Bangladesh, it was found from Lawachara National Park in 1980 and 2011. In March 2017, an individual was found in a tea garden in Sreemangal Upazila, Bangladesh. [4]
The family Talpidae includes the moles who are small insectivorous mammals of the order Eulipotyphla. Talpids are all digging animals to various degrees: moles are completely subterranean animals; shrew moles and shrew-like moles somewhat less so; and desmans, while basically aquatic, excavate dry sleeping chambers; whilst the quite unique star-nosed mole is equally adept in the water and underground. Talpids are found across the Northern Hemisphere of Eurasia and North America, and range as far south as the montane regions of tropical Southeast Asia.
The subfamily Talpinae, sometimes called "Old World moles" or "Old World moles and relatives", is one of three subfamilies of the mole family Talpidae, the others being the Scalopinae, or New World moles, and the Uropsilinae, or shrew-like moles.
The Japanese mole, also known as Temminck's mole, is a species of mole endemic to Japan. A solitary and diurnal species, it can live for up to 3.5 years in the wild. Their sizes vary depending on the temperature and the hardness of the soil they reside in.
The greater Chinese mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in China and potentially Myanmar.
Euroscaptor is a genus of mammal in the family Talpidae. Members are found in China and South & Southeast Asia. It contains the following species as of October 2021:
Kloss's mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Laos and Thailand. It was named after zoologist C. Boden Kloss.
The long-nosed mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China, where it has a widespread distribution.
The Japanese mountain mole is a species of Old World mole in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Japan. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Oreoscaptor. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and temperate grassland.
The small-toothed mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Di Linh, in southern Vietnam, and Rakho near the border of Vietnam and China, and in southern Yunnan, China, near the Vietnamese border. It is likely that it has a broader distribution, especially in places between the currently known locations.
The insular mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is restricted to Hainan Island and Taiwan, where it is also known as the Formosan blind mole. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1863.
The white-tailed mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Bangladesh, China, India, and Myanmar.
The gracile shrew mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to China; populations known from Myanmar likely represent other species.
The Japanese shrew mole or himizu (ヒミズ) is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to Japan and is found on Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Awaji Island, Shodo Island, Oki Islands, Tsushima Island, Goto Islands, Mishima Island, and Awashima Island, but is absent from Hokkaido, which is north of Blakiston's Line. It is one of three Urotrichini and it is the only extant species in the genus Urotrichus. It is common between sea level and approximately 2,000 m. Sometimes this species is called the greater Japanese shrew mole and another species, True's shrew mole, is called the "lesser Japanese shrew mole".
Talpini is a tribe of mammals known as Old World Moles. It is a division of the subfamily Talpinae.
The Vietnamese mole is a species of talpine mole found in Vietnam.
La Touche's mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in eastern China and parts of northern Vietnam. It is named after Irish naturalist John David Digues La Touche.
Kuznetsov's mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in northern Vietnam and southern China. It was named after Russian mammalogist German V. Kuznetsov of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Orlov's mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is known from northern Vietnam, southern China, and possibly Laos. It was named after Russian zoologist Nikolai L. Orlov of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
The Ngoc Linh mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to central Vietnam. It was named after Ngọc Linh mountain, which it was first discovered in the vicinity of.
The Malaysian mole is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is endemic to the highlands of peninsular Malaysia, making it the southernmost known species of mole.
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