Hypericum phellos | |
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Hypericum phellos subsp. phellos, collected in Venezuela in 1979 | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Malpighiales |
Family: | Hypericaceae |
Genus: | Hypericum |
Section: | H. sect. Brathys |
Species: | H. phellos |
Binomial name | |
Hypericum phellos Gleason, 1929 | |
Hypericum phellos is a species of shrub or small tree in Hypericum sect. Brathys. The species is found in Colombia and Venezuela on scrubby slopes and moist woods. [1]
Hypericum phellos grows 0.3–4 m (1 ft 0 in–13 ft 1 in) tall, with strict and nearly always lateral branches. The yellowish brown, four-lined stems are ancipitous when young and become terete. The internodes are 1.5–3 mm (0.059–0.118 in) long. The sessile leaves spread from their base or are imbricate. The lamina is 4–20 mm (0.16–0.79 in) long and 2–6 mm (0.079–0.236 in) wide. The leaves are flat or recurved, never concave, and are thinly to thickly coriaceous. The apex of the leaf is acuminate to rounded and the base is cuneate to angusate. Leaves have three to seven diverging basal veins and obscure tertiary reticulation. The one to five flowered inflorescence is terminal, arising on short lateral shoots. The peduncles and pedicels are 1–9 mm (0.039–0.354 in) long. The star-shaped flowers are 1.5–3 cm (0.59–1.18 in) wide. The sepals are 4–9 mm (0.16–0.35 in) long and 1.5–3 mm (0.059–0.118 in) wide, each with five to seven distally branched veins. The bright yellow to occasionally orange-yellow petals are 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) long and 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) wide, about twice as large as the sepals. The forty to two-hundred stamens are, at the most, 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in) long. The ovoid ovary is 2–3.5 mm (0.079–0.138 in) long and 1.5–2 mm (0.059–0.079 in) wide. The three styles are 6–9 mm (0.24–0.35 in) long. The stigmas are small or subcapitate. The globose capsules are 4–5.5 mm (0.16–0.22 in) long and 3.5–5 mm (0.14–0.20 in) wide. The seeds are about 1 mm (0.039 in) long. [2]
H. phellos is easily distinguished from close relatives by its corky ridges on its internodes and by its deciduous leaves. When leaves are persistent, they are either marcescent with an acute apex (var. marcescens), or broad and appressed, lacking corky emergences (subsp. platyphyllum). The other subspecies, oroqueanum, has appressed leaves that are not persistent. [2]
Hypericum phellos grows on scrubby slopes and in moist woodlands. It prefers altitudes between 2,600–4,200 m (8,500–13,800 ft). [2]
The shrub occurs in Santander, Norte de Santander, and Cesar in Colombia and in Táchira in Venezuela. [2]
Festuca occidentalis is a species of grass known as western fescue. It is native to much of the northern half of North America and is most widely distributed in the west. It is most often found in forest and woodland habitat. The specific epithet occidentalis is Latin, meaning "western".
Boronia muelleri, commonly known as the forest boronia or pink boroina, is a flowering plant that occurs in forest, woodland and heath in Victoria and New South Wales in Australia. It is an erect, woody shrub or small tree with pinnate leaves and up to fifteen pink to white four-petalled flowers arranged in leaf axils in spring and summer.
Hypericum mutilum is a species of St. John's wort known by the common name dwarf St. John's wort. It is native to parts of North America and is present in other parts as an introduced species. It is an annual or perennial herb taking a multibranched erect form up to about 60 centimeters tall. The oval green leaves are one or two centimeters long and are covered in tiny glands. The inflorescence is a compound cyme of tiny flowers. H. mutilum subsp. mutilum and subsp. boreale have a diploid number of 16, and H. mutilum subsp. boreale can have a diploid number of 18.
Hypericum olympicum, commonly known as the Mount Olympus St. John's wort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae found in the Balkans and Turkey and introduced to western Europe. It has been widely cultivated for centuries because of its large, showy flowers, which are far larger than those of most other species in Hypericum.
Prostanthera arapilensis is a flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to a small area of Victoria, Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy branches, broadly egg-shaped to more or less round leaves and pale mauve or white flowers with orange-brown spots or streaks inside the petal tube.
Hypericum terrae-firmae is a woody perennial flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is an endemic plant species of Belize.
Hypericum acmosepalum is a dwarf shrub in Hypericumsect. Ascyreia that is native to China and known as jian e jin si tao locally.
Hypericum cuisinii is a perennial herb in the genus Hypericum, in the section Adenosepalum. The herb has pale yellow flowers and occurs in Greece and Turkey.
Hypericum densiflorum, also known as bushy St. John's wort or dense St. John's wort, is a perennial herb in the flowering plant family Hypericaceae native to North America. The specific epithet densiflorum is Latin, meaning "densely flowered", referring to the many-flowered cymes.
Hypericum undulatum, the wavy St Johns Wort, is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant native to western Europe and northern Africa. The specific name undulatum is Latin, meaning "wavy" or "undulated", referring, just as the common name, to the wavy leaf margins of the herb. The plant has a diploid number of 16 or 32.
Hypericum denticulatum, the coppery St. John's Wort, is a perennial herb in the [[flowering plant family Hypericaceae. It is native to the Eastern United States. The species has two varieties, H. denticulatum var. recognitum and H. denticulatum var. acutifolium. The herb has a diploid number of 24 or 48.
Hypericum majus, the greater Canadian St. John's wort, is a perennial herb native to North America. The specific epithet majus means "larger". The plant has a diploid number of 16.
Hypericum humboldtianum is a species of shrubby flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae native to Colombia and Venezuela.
Hypericum formosissimum is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae, section Adenosepalum, in the Hypericum huber-morathii group.
Boronia bowmanii is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is an erect shrub with pinnate leaves and four-petalled flowers.
Boronia citrata, commonly known as lemon boronia, is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to Victoria. It is an erect, woody shrub with pinnate, strongly lemon-scented leaves and pale pink to rosy pink, four-petalled flowers arranged in groups of up to five.
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Hypericum coris, the heath-leaved St. John's wort, also called yellow coris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae, and is the type species of sect. Coridium. It is a low shrub, and it is found in Switzerland and northwestern Italy. The species has been a popular garden plant since the 18th century, valued for its long flowering period and for how well it adapts to cultivation.
Hypericum harperi, the sharplobe St. Johnswort or Harper's St. John's wort, is a perennial flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is an aquatic herb native to southeast North America. H. harperi has a diploid chromosome number of 24.
Prostanthera canaliculata is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a small, erect shrub with hairy branchlets, narrow egg-shaped to narrow elliptical leaves and pale blue or pale violet to white flowers with no markings.