Hypericum socotranum | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Malpighiales |
Family: | Hypericaceae |
Genus: | Hypericum |
Section: | Hypericum sect. Camplyosporus |
Species: | H. socotranum |
Binomial name | |
Hypericum socotranum | |
Synonyms | |
|
Hypericum socotranum is a species of flowering plant in the Hypericaceae family which is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. [2] Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and rocky areas. [3]
The stem has internodes which are 4–16 mm (0.16–0.63 in) long. They are shorter than the leaves which are 12–24 mm (0.47–0.94 in) long and 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) wide in an elliptic to oblanceolate shape. The leaves are acute or apiculate to obtuse and usually have one to three basal veins, though they can sometimes have five. Additionally, there are gland dots on the leaves which are visible on the dorsal surface. [3]
The inflorescence has only one flower with a pedicel that is 1–6 mm (0.039–0.236 in) long. The sepals are 5–6.5 mm (0.20–0.26 in) long and 2.5–3 mm (0.098–0.118 in) wide and are apiculate to obtuse. The flower petals are 15–30 mm (0.59–1.18 in) long and 9–15 mm (0.35–0.59 in) wide. The stamen fascicles are 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in) long. The ovary is ovoid-conic in shape, with coherent styles. The seed capsule measures 12–13 mm (0.47–0.51 in) long by 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) wide. [3] The pollen grains of the species are all tricolporate, meaning they have three grooves in a roughly triangular layout. [4]
Hypericum socotranum, unlike most Hypericum species, has no irregular pollen grains in its pollen makeup. Additionally, the species has a rather high rate of total fertility at over 90%; however, this high rate of fertility has not been proven to be correlated with the lack of irregular grains. [4]
Hypericum socotranum was first assessed by the IUCN in 2004, and its assessment was updated in 2020. Both of these assessments by determined that the species was secure and of Least Concern to the organization. In Socotra, the species was widely observed in numerous habitats and had no perceivable environmental threats. [1] However, the subspecies socotranum is considered to be Endangered by the IUCN. The rationale behind this classification is the fact that there have only been two collections of the subspecies from a very restricted area, and the fact that the habitat of the species is particularly threatened by lower rainfall in the region due to climate change. [5]
Eucalyptus camaldulensis, commonly known as the river red gum, is a tree that is endemic to Australia. It has smooth white or cream-coloured bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and hemispherical fruit with the valves extending beyond the rim. A familiar and iconic tree, it is seen along many watercourses across inland Australia, providing shade in the extreme temperatures of central Australia.
Juniperus excelsa, commonly called the Greek juniper, is a juniper found throughout the eastern Mediterranean, from northeastern Greece and southern Bulgaria across Turkey to Syria and Lebanon, Jordan, the Caucasus mountains, and southern coast of Crimea.
Juniperus phoenicea, the Phoenicean juniper or Arâr, is a juniper found throughout the Mediterranean region.
Adenium obesum is a poisonous species of flowering plant belonging to the tribe Nerieae of the subfamily Apocynoideae of the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. It is native to the Sahel regions south of the Sahara, tropical and subtropical eastern and southern Africa and also the Arabian Peninsula. Common names include Sabi star, kudu, mock azalea, impala lily and desert rose. Adenium obesum is a popular houseplant and bonsai in temperate regions.
Taxus floridana, the Florida yew, is a species of yew, endemic to a small area of under 10 km² on the eastern side of the Apalachicola River in mesophytic forests of northern Florida at altitudes of 15–40 m. It is listed as critically endangered. It is protected in reserves at the Torreya State Park and at the Nature Conservancy's Apalachicola Bluffs and Ravines Preserve, and has legal protection under the United States and Florida Endangered Species laws.
Eucalyptus radiata, commonly known as the narrow-leaved peppermint or Forth River peppermint, is a species of tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous to flaky bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth grey bark on the thinner branches, lance-shaped to curved or almost linear leaves, flower buds in groups of eleven to twenty or more, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or shortened spherical fruit.
Hypericum scopulorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is endemic to Socotra, an island archipelago that is part of Yemen. It is a common plant in shrubland habitat, and it is a dominant species in some areas along with Cephalocroton and another local endemic, Helichrysum rosulatum.
Hypericum tortuosum is a species of flowering plant in the genus Hypericum. It is found only in Socotra, Yemen, where it is endemic. The species is an apomorphic relative of the other Socotran species in Hypericum sect. Triadenioides and is most closely related to Hypericum scopulorum. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
Kraussia socotrana is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Socotra, Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and rocky areas. The type was collected from Wadi Irih on the Nogad Plain.
Hypericum mutilum is a species of St. John's wort known by the common name dwarf St. John's wort. It is native to parts of North America and is present in other parts as an introduced species. It is an annual or perennial herb taking a multibranched erect form up to about 60 centimeters tall. The oval green leaves are one or two centimeters long and are covered in tiny glands. The inflorescence is a compound cyme of tiny flowers. H. mutilum subsp. mutilum and subsp. boreale have a diploid number of 16, and H. mutilum subsp. boreale can have a diploid number of 18.
Hibbertia hypericoides, commonly known as yellow buttercups, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is usually a spreading shrub with linear to elliptic or egg-shaped leaves, and yellow flowers, usually with ten to fifteen stamens arranged in a cluster on one side of the two densely hairy carpels.
Eucalyptus caleyi, commonly known as Caley's ironbark or Ovenden's ironbark is a species of small to medium-sized tree, endemic to eastern Australia. It has brown or black "ironbark" on the trunk and main branches, dull bluish grey lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and barrel-shaped or conical fruit. It grows on the Central and Northern Tablelands of New South Wales and in south-eastern Queensland.
Hypericum acmosepalum is a dwarf shrub in Hypericumsect. Ascyreia that is native to China and known as jian e jin si tao locally.
Hypericum aegypticum is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family (Hypericaceae) which is native to the Eastern Mediterranean. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in the second volume of his Species Plantarum in 1753, who named it after Egypt despite it not being distributed there. The plant is commonly known as shrubby St. John's wort or Egyptian St. John's wort in English. Like other members of section Adenotrias, it is found among limestone rocks in coastal areas. While it has been evaluated as threatened on the island of Malta, the species has no legal protections.
Hypericum annulatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is a perennial herb of varying heights which grows upright, with more than a hundred flowers of a golden yellow color. First described in 1827, the species has a wide distribution from Eastern Europe to East Africa, and its appearance can vary greatly based on its geographic location. It has been used in Bulgarian folk medicine, and has more recently been investigated for its effectiveness in slowing the growth of or killing certain types of human cancer.
Eucalyptus calcicola, commonly known as the Boranup mallee, Harry Butler's mallee or Hamelin Bay mallee, is a mallee that is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth, pale greenish bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and ribbed, cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.
Hypericum undulatum, the wavy St Johns Wort, is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant native to western Europe and northern Africa. The specific name undulatum is Latin, meaning "wavy" or "undulated", referring, just as the common name, to the wavy leaf margins of the herb. The plant has a diploid number of 16 or 32.
Hypericum denticulatum, the coppery St. John's Wort, is a perennial herb in the flowering plant family Hypericaceae. It is native to the Eastern United States. The species has two varieties, H. denticulatum var. recognitum and H. denticulatum var. acutifolium. The herb has a diploid number of 24 or 48.
Hypericum majus, the greater Canadian St. John's wort, is a perennial herb native to North America. The specific epithet majus means "larger". The plant has a diploid number of 16.
Hypericum sechmenii, commonly called seçmen kantaronu in Turkish which means Seçmen's St. John's wort in English, is a rare species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family (Hypericaceae) that is found only in the Eskişehir Province of central Turkey. It was described by Turkish botanists Atila Ocak and Onur Koyuncu who named the species in honor of Özcan Seçmen, a fellow Turkish botanist. Found in the crevices of exposed limestone, it is a perennial herb which grows in clusters of stems 3–6 centimetres tall and blooms June to July with bright yellow five-petalled flowers. Formally described in 2009, the species was first collected in 2006 and has since been found in only two localities with an estimated population of less than 250.