Hypericum frondosum

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Hypericum frondosum
Hypericum aureum 139-8498 edit.png
Illustration from Curtis's Botanical Magazine (1913)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Hypericaceae
Genus: Hypericum
Section: H. sect. Myriandra
Subsection: H. subsect. Centrosperma
Species:
H. frondosum
Binomial name
Hypericum frondosum
Michx.
Synonyms [1]
  • Brathydium aureumK.Koch
  • Brathydium rugelianum(Kunze) K.Koch
  • Hypericum amoenumPursh
  • Hypericum aureumW.Bartram
  • Hypericum rugelianumKunze
  • Hypericum splendensSmall

Hypericum frondosum, the cedarglade St. Johnswort or golden St. John's wort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. [1] [2] [3] It is native to the central and southeastern United States in dry, rocky habitats.

Contents

Description

It is a medium-sized shrub, growing 0.6–3 meters (2–10 feet) in height with a highly-branching form. The stems are green when young, becoming reddish brown and peeling or plating with age. The opposite leaves are sessile, up to 65 mm (2.6 in) long and 22 mm (0.87 in) across with an oblong to lanceolate shape. The flowerheads have up to seven golden yellow flowers, each 25–45 mm (0.98–1.77 in) in diameter with five petals. [4] It flowers between late May and August. [5] Each flower has numerous stamens (up to 650) and three-parted ovaries which, at maturity, form an ovoid capsule and blackish-brown seeds. [4]

Distribution and habitat

Cedarglade St. Johnswort is found in the southeastern and central United States, from North Carolina to Florida, west to Texas. It occurs in dry, rocky areas such as cedar glades, rocky woodlands, and also in dry, disturbed areas. [5] It has been introduced further north, including New York, Massachusetts, and Connecticut. [1] Records from South Carolina and Virginia may be misidentifications of Hypericum prolificum , another species in the subsection Centrosperma (section Myriandra). [3] [4]

Taxonomy

It was first formally described as Hypericum aureum in 1790 by William Bartram, though this name was an illegitimate homonym of an Asian St. Johnswort species published the year before. [6] It was renamed several times, with its current name, Hypericum frondosum originating in 1803 by André Michaux in his Flora Boreali-Americana. [7]

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<i>Hypericum buckleyi</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

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<i>Hypericum prolificum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

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<i>Hypericum suffruticosum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

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<i>Hypericum virginicum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

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<i>Hypericum fasciculatum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

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<i>Hypericum lobocarpum</i> Species of flowering plant

Hypericum lobocarpum, commonly called fivelobe St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. Johnswort family (Hypericaceae). It is native eastern to North America, where it is found primarily in the western portion of the southeastern United States. Its typical natural habitat is in open wet areas, such as stream banks, lake margins, swamps, and pine savannas.

<i>Hypericum tubulosum</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Hypericum walteri</i> Species of flowering plant

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References

  1. 1 2 3 "Hypericum frondosum Michx". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanical Gardens Kew. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  2. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Hypericum frondosum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  3. 1 2 Robson, Norman K. B. (2015). "Hypericum frondosum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 6. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 14 January 2019 via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  4. 1 2 3 "Hypericum frondosum Descriptions". hypericum.myspecies.info. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  5. 1 2 Weakley, Alan S. (2018), Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States, working draft of 20 August 2018, University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  6. "Hypericum aureum W.Bartram". ipni.org. International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  7. "Hypericum frondosum Michx". ipni.org. International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 14 January 2019.