Hypericum patulum

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Hypericum patulum
Indian medicinal plants (Plate 101) (7824381440).jpg
Botanical illustration of H. patulum (B) alongside H. perforatum (A) in Indian Medicinal Plants
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Hypericaceae
Genus: Hypericum
Section: H. sect. Ascyreia
Species:
H. patulum
Binomial name
Hypericum patulum
Thunb. 1784
Synonyms [1] [2]
  • Eremanthe patula(Thunb.) K.Koch
  • Hypericum argyiH.Lév. & Vaniot
  • H. oblongigoliumWall.
  • H. pseudopatulumAuct.
  • Komana patula (Thunb.) Y.Kimura
  • Norysca patula (Thunb.) Voigt

Hypericum patulum, known as goldencup St. John's wort or yellow mosqueta, is a species of flowering plant in Hypericum sect. Ascyreia.

Contents

Taxonomy

Hypericum patulum was originally described by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1784. It was first published in Systema Vegetabilium later that year by Johan Andreas Murray. [3]

The species has a sporophytic and gametopythic chromosome count of 18 each. [4] [5]

Subordinate taxa

Hypericum patulum has 5 accepted variants as subordinate taxa: [6]

Cultivars

Hypericum patulum is cultivated as a garden plant under the name Hypericum 'Hidcote' or Hypericum x hidcoteense 'Hidcote'. It is grown for its large, bright flowers and its attractiveness to pollinators such as bees and small birds. [7]

Distribution and habitat

The species is native only to the Guizhou and Sichuan provinces of China, but it has been naturalized in Japan, Taiwan, and India, as well as in Australia and South Africa. The species is also widely cultivated for garden use in temperate regions. [8] [2]

The species is found at elevations of 1200–3600 meters [9] in dry and open habitats, especially in thickets, on scrubby slopes, and on cliffs. [10]

Description

Plants of the species are shrubs that grow from 0.3 to 1.5 meters tall. They grow in a bushy fashion, with spreading branches that are sometimes weakly frondose. The stems are 4-lined or 4-angled when the plant is young but later become 2-lined, and sometimes become terete. The leaves are thick and paper-like and are rather glaucous, with short laminar glands, streaks, and dots. Its inflorescence is 1-15-flowered that blossom from 1 or 2 nodes. The flowers are flat-topped, and sometimes have a short terminal internode and branches that come from the middle of the stem. The petals are a golden yellow color, without any tinge of red. The stamen fascicles, each with 50-70 stamens, grow to be up to 7–12 mm, and are about half as long as the petals. The seeds are dark brown and grow from 1-1.2 millimeters long. [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Hypericum</i> Genus of flowering plants known as St. Johns worts

Hypericum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae. The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from tropical lowlands, deserts and polar regions. Many Hypericum species are regarded as invasive species and noxious weeds. All members of the genus may be referred to as St. John's wort, and some are known as goatweed. The white or pink flowered marsh St. John's worts of North America and eastern Asia are generally accepted as belonging to the separate genus TriadenumRaf.

<i>Triadenum</i> Genus of plants

Triadenum, known as marsh St. John's worts, is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae. The genus is characterized by opposite, blunt-tipped leaves and pink flowers with 9 stamens. They are distributed in North America and eastern Asia.

<i>Hypericum canariense</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum canariense is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae known by the common name Canary Islands St. John's wort. It is the sole member of Hypericumsect. Webbia.

Hypericum acmosepalum is a dwarf shrub in Hypericumsect. Ascyreia that is native to China and known as jian e jin si tao locally.

<i>Hypericum punctatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Hypericum punctatum, the spotted St. John's wort, is a perennial herb native to North America. The yellow-flowered herb occurs throughout eastern North America into southern Canada. The process of microsporogenesis carried out by this plant is prone to errors in chromosomal segregation. It has a diploid number of 14 or 16. Insects are attracted to the plant's pollen and the hypericin in the plant's leaves is toxic to mammals.

<i>Hypericum canadense</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum canadense, known as Canadian St. Johns-wort, lesser St. John's wort, and lesser Canadian St. Johnswort, is a flowering plant in the genus Hypericum. It is a yellow-flowering annual or perennial herb native to North America and introduced to Ireland and The Netherlands. The specific epithet canadense means "Canadian".

Hypericum edisonianum, known as Arcadian St. John's wort, Edison's St. John's wort, and Edison ascyrum, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to Florida.

<i>Hypericum tenuifolium</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum tenuifolium, known as Atlantic St. John's-wort and sandhill St. John's-wort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is native to the Southeastern United States.

<i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum japonicum, known as matted St. John's-wort, is an annual herbaceous flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae, in Hypericum sect. Trigynobrathys.

<i>Hypericum sampsonii</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum sampsonii is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It occurs in China, Taiwan, Japan, Myanmar, and Vietnam. It is one of two species of Hypericum in the section Hypericum sect. Sampsonia.

<i>Hypericum tetrapetalum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum tetrapetalum, the fourpetal St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is found in the Southeastern United States and Cuba. It was first described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1797.

<i>Hypericum lancasteri</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum lancasteri, known as Lancaster's St. John's wort or as zhan e jin si tao in Chinese, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. The species has been awarded the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Hypericum myrtifolium, the myrtleleaf St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to the Southeastern United States. It was first described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1797.

Hypericum assamicum is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to India. Hypericum assamicum is one of two species of Hypericum in the section Hypericum sect. Sampsonia.

<i>Hypericum oblongifolium</i> Species of flowering plant

Hypericum oblongifolium, known as Pendant St. John's wort, is a species of flowering plant in Hypericumsect. Ascyreia.

<i>Hypericum przewalskii</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum przewalskii, commonly called Przewalski's St. John's wort, is a flowering plant in Hypericumsect. Roscyna that is native to China.

<i>Hypericum virginicum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum virginicum, the marsh St. Johns-wort or Virginia marsh St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is native to the central and eastern United States and eastern Canada.

<i>Hypericum frondosum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum frondosum, the cedarglade St. Johnswort or golden St. John's wort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is native to the central and southeastern United States in dry, rocky habitats.

Hypericum fissurale, known as cracked St. John's wort, is a flowering plant in the St. Johns's wort family (Hypericaceae) endemic to northeastern Turkey. It is considered critically endangered on the IUCN Red List due to its very limited distribution and declining population. It was first formally named by Jurij Nikolaewitch Woronow in 1912. It is a small perennial herb in the section Hypericum sect. Taeniocarpium, reaching around 22 cm (8.7 in) in height. Like most Hypericum species, it has flowers with five yellow petals and numerous stamens. Hypericum fissurale is closely related to Hypericum armenum.

References

  1. ↑ "Hypericum patulum Thunb". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
  2. 1 2 "Hypericum patulum Thunb". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  3. ↑ "IPNI Plant Name Details". www.ipni.org. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
  4. ↑ Williams, Margot; Dudley, T. R. (1984). "Chromosome Count for Hippeastrum iguazuanum". Taxon. 33 (2): 271. doi:10.2307/1221167. ISSN   0040-0262. JSTOR   1221167.
  5. ↑ Sanger, Ruth (1965). "Genes on the X Chromosome". Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology. 7 (2): 179–188. doi:10.1139/g65-027. ISSN   0008-4093. PMID   14324862.
  6. ↑ "Hypericum patulum Thunb". www.tropicos.org. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
  7. ↑ "Hypericum x hicoteense". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  8. ↑ "Taxonomy - GRIN-Global Web v 1.10.3.6". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
  9. ↑ "Hypericum patulum | Goldencup St. John's Wort". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  10. ↑ "Hypericum patulum Thunb. Nomenclature". hypericum.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
  11. ↑ "Hypericum patulum in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
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