Hypericum matudae

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Hypericum matudae
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Hypericaceae
Genus: Hypericum
Section: Hypericum sect. Thornea
Species:
H. matudae
Binomial name
Hypericum matudae

Hypericum matudae is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is a shrub that grows about 2 meters tall, has small and crowded branches, and has pink or white petals. Described in 1944 and named for botanist Eizi Matuda, the species was at one point named Thornea matudae because of its placement in the small genus Thornea . It was returned to Hypericum when Thornea was demoted to sectional status in 2016. Native to Nicaragua and Mexico, the species is found on shale and sandstone in the cloud forest ecosystem.

Contents

Etymology

One origin of the genus name Hypericum is that it is derived from the Greek words hyper (above) and eikon (picture), in reference to the tradition of hanging the plant over religious icons in the home. [1] The specific epithet matudae is in honor of the Mexican botanist Eizi Matuda. [2]

Description

Hypericum matudae is a shrub that lacks hairs (is glabrous) and grows about 2 meters tall. It has small, slender, short branches that are crowded together. The leaf stalks are grooved along their length and are around 0.35 centimeters long. The leaves are oval-shaped, have a papery texture, and are around 1–4.5 cm long by 0.6–2.0 cm wide. The flower clusters (inflorescence) are in the shape of cymes up to 3.5 cm long. The petioles are 0.2–0.7 cm long, while the pedicels are slender and 0.4–0.7 cm long. The bracts are lance-shaped and up to 0.25 cm long. The flowers have five sepals, each 0.25–0.3 cm long, with striations and a rounded tip. The petals are oblong and up to 0.7 cm long; they are pink or white in color. Each flower has nine stamens in fascicles of three, with filaments up to 0.4 cm long. There are three slender styles, and the ovary has three cells. The seed capsule is 0.4–0.7 cm long; the seeds themselves are around 0.1 cm long, are almost smooth, and have narrow wings along one side. [3] [4]

Hypericum matudae is distinguished from its sister species H. calcicola by having less dense branches, longer internodes, papery instead of leathery leaf texture, and larger petals and seed capsules. [4]

Taxonomy

The species was originally described by American botanist Cyrus Longworth Lundell in 1942 as Hypericum matudai. [5] In 1976, Paul Standley and Julian Steyermark established a new genus named Thornea, to which they moved this species and H. calcicola . Thus, the new combination Thornea matudae was created and designated the type species of the genus. [6] [7] This placement was subsequently questioned, and phylogenetic studies suggested that Thornea was not an independent genus and its species should be returned to Hypericum. [8] In 2016, in a review of these studies, Norman Robson restored Thornea matudae to Hypericum under the new Hypericum sect. Thornea . Following that classification, the placement of H. matudae can be summarized as follows: [9]

Hypericum

Hypericum sect. Thornea
H. calcicola H. matudae

Distribution, habitat, and ecology

Hypericum matudae is native to Nicaragua and southeast Mexico, [5] where it is found in the tropical montane cloud forest ecosytstem. [10] It has been collected from an area with a highly diverse tree canopy and understory, on a substrate of shale and sandstone, at altitudes of 2000–4000 meters. [4]

Related Research Articles

Hypericum sect. Thornea is a small section of flowering plants in the genus Hypericum. It was formerly treated as a separate genus, Thornea. There are two species in the section, Hypericum calcicola and Hypericum matudae.

<i>Triadenum</i> Genus of plants

Triadenum, known as marsh St. John's worts, is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae. The genus is characterized by opposite, blunt-tipped leaves and pink flowers with 9 stamens. They are distributed in North America and eastern Asia.

Matudaea is a genus of plant in family Hamamelidaceae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eizi Matuda</span> Mexican botanist (1894–1978)

Eiji Matsuda (1894–1978) was a Mexican botanist of Japanese origin. In scholarly works, his name is generally romanised as "Eizi Matuda" following the "Kunrei" system.

<i>Hypericum bupleuroides</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum bupleuroides is a species of perennial flowering plant in the St John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It grows 45–80 centimeters tall, and notably has perfoliate leaves that are fused at the stem. It has pyramid-shaped flower clusters of 1 to 25 flowers with yellow petals in a star-shaped arrangement. The species is found along the Black Sea coast near the Turkish–Georgian border. Hypericum bupleuroides has a small distribution and specific habitat requirements that make it vulnerable to environmental pressures.

<i>Hypericum kalmianum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum kalmianum, commonly called Kalm's St. Johns wort or Kalm's St. Johnswort, is a flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is native to the Great Lakes region in the northern United States and southern Canada. Hypericum kalmianum was named after its discoverer, Swedish botanist Pehr Kalm (1715-1779).

<i>Hypericum suffruticosum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum suffruticosum, known as pineland St. John's-wort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is native to the Southeastern United States.

Hypericum galioides, the bedstraw St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to the Southeastern United States.

<i>Hypericum tetrapetalum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum tetrapetalum, the fourpetal St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is found in the Southeastern United States and Cuba. It was first described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1797.

<i>Hypericum sechmenii</i> Flowering plant of the St Johns wort family

Hypericum sechmenii, or Seçmen's St John's wort, is a rare species of flowering plant of the St John's wort family (Hypericaceae) that is found in the Eskişehir Province of central Turkey. It was first described in 2009 by Turkish botanists Atila Ocak and Onur Koyuncu, who named the species in honor of Özcan Seçmen, a fellow botanist. They assigned the species to the genus Hypericum, and Norman Robson later placed H. sechmenii into the section Adenosepalum.

<i>Hypericum formosissimum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum formosissimum is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. Found in the cracks of limestone rocks, it is a small perennial herb that grows in a pillow-like shape, has yellow flower petals, and blooms in the late summer. The plant is rare and has a limited habitat in Turkey, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. It is threatened by rock collapses, urbanization, and road construction; it is not protected by conservation efforts.

<i>Hypericum huber-morathii</i> Species of flowering plant – St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum huber-morathii is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is a small perennial herb with few stems. It has narrow and brittle stems, thick leaves, flowers in clusters of varying numbers, small yellow petals, around twenty stamens, and three styles. H. huber-morathii is closely related to H. minutum and H. sechmenii, and also shares characteristics with H. lanuginosum. The plant is endemic to Turkey, and is found among limestone rocks in a limited region of southwestern Anatolia. Originally excluded from a comprehensive monograph of Hypericum, the species' placement within the genus is unclear. It has been placed in both section Adenosepalum and section Origanifolium.

<i>Hypericum aciferum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns Wort family

Hypericum aciferum is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is a small shrub endemic to the Greek island of Crete. H. aciferum grows in a mat on the ground and has twisting branches, needle-like leaves, and long golden petals. Its flowers are also heterostylous, which means that the species can exhibit one of two flower types on different plants. This trait is unique within the genus Hypericum to H. aciferum, H. russeggeri, and H. aegypticum, the three species in section Adenotrias.

<i>Hypericum russeggeri</i> Species of flowering plant

Hypericum russeggeri is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. The plant is a small shrub with many branches that spread across the ground, and it has many small flowers with pale yellow petals. It is found only among calcareous rocks along the coast and in the foothills of the Nur Mountains of eastern Turkey and northern Syria. While H. russeggeri has an array of phytochemicals present in its flowering structures and leaves, these are found in lower concentrations than other species of Hypericum. The species was first described in 1842 as Triadenia russeggeri, and it has been placed into various defunct genera including Elodea and Adenotrias. It is now known as Hypericum russeggeri and is the type species of Hypericum section Adenotrias, a small section that also includes H. aegypticum and H. aciferum.

<i>Hypericum coris</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum coris, the heath-leaved St. John's wort, also called yellow coris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae, and is the type species of sect. Coridium. It is a low shrub, and it is found in Switzerland and northwestern Italy. The species has been a popular garden plant since the 18th century, valued for its long flowering period and for how well it adapts to cultivation.

<i>Hypericum minutum</i> Species of plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum minutum is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is a small perennial herb that grows in tufts. It has slender and brittle stems, flowers in clusters of one to three, yellow petals with black and amber glands, few stamens, and a seed capsule with narrow grooves. H. minutum is closely related to H. huber-morathii and H. sechmenii and resembles a smaller form of the latter plant. The plant is endemic to Turkey, and is found among limestone rocks in a limited region of southwestern Anatolia. Originally excluded from a comprehensive monograph of Hypericum, the species' placement within the genus is unclear. It has been placed in both section Adenosepalum and section Origanifolium.

<i>Hypericum decaisneanum</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae

Hypericum decaisneanum is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. Named for French botanist Joseph Decaisne, it is a small perennial herb that grows mostly upright. It has thick, papery leaves and up to twenty flowers with bright yellow petals. Endemic to the Jebel al Akhdar province of Libya, H. decaisneanum is found in the cracks of limestone rocks on steep escarpments. It is a member of numerous plant communities and associations of chasmophytes, of which it is sometimes a key species. First described in 1899, the species was originally placed in section Taeniocarpium of the genus Hypericum, but more recently it has been considered a member of section Adenosepalum.

Hypericum iwatelittorale, originally styled Hypericum iwate-littorale, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. Named for its habitat in the coastal regions of the Iwate Prefecture in Japan, little is known about the ecology and conservation status of the plant. The species is a small perennial herb with five bright yellow petals on its up to thirty flowers. It has many stamens, and an array of pale and black glands on its leaves, sepals, and petals. Described in 1937 by Hideo Koidzumi, it has at times been considered a synonym of Hypericum pseudopetiolatum. However, it was affirmed to be a valid species in 2003 and was placed into the type section of Hypericum, with its similarities to H. tosaense being noted.

Hypericum calcicola is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is a perennial herb with dense branches that can grow up to 3 meters tall. The species has small leaves and pink or rose red petals. Originally described in 1944, it was later moved into the genus Thornea, only to be returned to Hypericum when Thornea was demoted to sectional status. Found in Guatemala and Mexico, the plant grows on limestone bluffs in the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes mountain range. It often becomes dominant in its ecosystem, and grows alongside a variety of other trees and shrubs.

References

  1. Coombes 2012, p. 172.
  2. Lundell 1942, p. 395.
  3. Lundell 1942, p. 394-395.
  4. 1 2 3 Breedlove & McClintock 1976, p. 370.
  5. 1 2 "Hypericum matudaeLundell". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  6. "Thornea matudae(Lundell) Breedlove & E.M.McClint.". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  7. Breedlove & McClintock 1976, p. 369.
  8. Ruhfel 2011, p. 318.
  9. Robson 2016, p. 192.
  10. Martinez-Camilo, Perez-Farrera & Martinez-Melendez 2012, p. 277.

Bibliography