Hypericum coris

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Yellow coris
Hypericum coris1.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Hypericaceae
Genus: Hypericum
Section: Hypericum sect. Coridium
Species:
H. coris
Binomial name
Hypericum coris
L. (1753)
Synonyms [1]
  • Hypericum multicauleLam.
  • Hypericum coriifoliumSalisb.
  • Hypericum verticillatumLam.

Hypericum coris, the heath-leaved St. John's wort, also called yellow coris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae, and is the type species of sect. Coridium. It is a low shrub, and it is found in Switzerland and northwestern Italy. The species has been a popular garden plant since the 18th century, valued for its long flowering period and for how well it adapts to cultivation. [2]

Contents

Taxonomy

The species was first described by Carolus Linnaeus in 1753 in his Species Planterum vol. 2 and was later designated as the type species of sect. Coridium. [3] The species is similar in appearance to H. asperuloides but differs in the characteristics of its capsule and seeds. Several other species of sect. Coridium including H. ericoides and H. empetrifolium seem to be directly or indirectly related to it. [4]

Description

The species is a low shrub or dwarf shrub that grows to 10-40 centimeters high and roots from a woody branching base.

Its stems are slender and normally 4-lined, but are also sometimes 3-lined or 4-lined, and are eglandular. The annual rings of the species' stems are much smaller than those of other Hypericum species and are marked by porosity. The vessels are arranged in short radial rows, and they measure between thirty and sixty micrometers in diameter. Unlike most species in the genus, its vessels contain dark-staining substances. [5]

The internodes are 4–35 mm long, and can be shorter or longer than the leaves. The leaves are arranged in groups of four in verticils (whorls) and are sessile to petiolate. They are a dull grayish-green color on the undersides and have dimensions of 4–20 x 0.7–2 mm. They are usually linear, and the apex is tapered to a point or rounded. They are typically 1-veined. The glands on the blade are pale, rather dense, and punctiform. The intramarginal glands cannot be seen.

The plant usually has 3-20 flowers but can have as few as one. They come from one to three nodes, are lax, and are shaped broadly cylindric to pyramidal or subcorymbiform. The inflorescence is 15–65 mm long and lacks subsidiary branches. Their bracts are smaller than the rest of the leaves, and the bracteoles are linear to long, and are sparsely fringed with black glands. The flowers themselves are 13–20 mm in diameter with spherical buds. The sepals are usually equal, are free or almost free, and are not imbricate. They are about 3 x 1 mm in size and are rounded in shape. They have 3 veins that are not prominent. The petals are yellow without any red tinge and are persistent. They are 10 x 3 mm in size and there are three times as many as the sepals. They lack marginal glands but have laminar glans that are pale and narrow. There are around thirty stamens, with the longest growing 7–11 mm long. There are either two or three ovaries around a millimeter in length, and there are three times as many styles, which are 6–8 mm long, as ovaries.

The seed capsule is ovoid, and has valves with narrow vittae and swollen vesicles. The seeds are brown and about 1.7 mm long, are shaped curved-cylindric and are minutely papillose. [4] [6]

Distribution

Botanical illustration of H. coris Flore coloriee de poche du littoral mediterraneen de Genes a Barcelone y compris la Corse (6244452550).jpg
Botanical illustration of H. coris

The species is generally found in the western region of the Alpine mountain range. Specifically, they are found across Switzerland and northwestern Italy, and also the extreme southeast region of France. [7] The species is found in sunny areas among calcareous rocks at altitudes of 120 meters to 2,000 meters above sea level. [6]

Ecology

Hypericum coris blooms in the summertime from June to July and requires full sun and a moderate amount of water to properly grow. The plant is grown as an ornamental plant in some rock gardens. [8]

Conservation

Hypericum coris is considered a least-concern species in France. [9]

Related Research Articles

<i>Hypericum</i> Genus of flowering plants known as St. Johns worts

Hypericum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae. The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from tropical lowlands, deserts and polar regions. Many Hypericum species are regarded as invasive species and noxious weeds. All members of the genus may be referred to as St. John's wort, and some are known as goatweed. The white or pink flowered marsh St. John's worts of North America and eastern Asia are generally accepted as belonging to the separate genus TriadenumRaf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hypericaceae</span> Family of flowering plants (St. Johns wort family)

Hypericaceae is a plant family in the order Malpighiales, comprising six to nine genera and up to 700 species, and commonly known as the St. John's wort family. Members are found throughout the world apart from extremely cold or dry habitats. Hypericum and Triadenum occur in temperate regions but other genera are mostly tropical.

<i>Hypericum androsaemum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum androsaemum, the shrubby St. John's wort, is a flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. Commonly called tutsan or sweet-amber, the species is cultivated as an ornamental plant because of its striking red-tinted foliage, bright yellow petals, and its large clusters of fruit. Cultivars like 'Albury Purple' and 'Golden Tutsan' which have leaves with more pronounced purple and golden coloring, respectively.

<i>Hypericum olympicum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum olympicum, commonly known as the Mount Olympus St. John's wort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae found in the Balkans and Turkey and introduced to western Europe. It has been widely cultivated for centuries because of its large, showy flowers, which are far larger than those of most other species in Hypericum.

<i>Hypericum terrae-firmae</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum terrae-firmae is a woody perennial flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is an endemic plant species of Belize.

Hypericum acmosepalum is a dwarf shrub in Hypericumsect. Ascyreia that is native to China and known as jian e jin si tao locally.

<i>Hypericum aegypticum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum aegypticum is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family (Hypericaceae) which is native to the Eastern Mediterranean. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in the second volume of his Species Plantarum in 1753, who named it after Egypt despite it not being distributed there. The plant is commonly known as shrubby St. John's wort or Egyptian St. John's wort in English. Like other members of section Adenotrias, it is found among limestone rocks in coastal areas. While it has been evaluated as threatened on the island of Malta, the species has no legal protections.

<i>Hypericum humboldtianum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum humboldtianum is a species of shrubby flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae native to Colombia and Venezuela.

<i>Hypericum lancasteri</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum lancasteri, known as Lancaster's St. John's wort or as zhan e jin si tao in Chinese, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. The species has been awarded the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Hypericum assamicum is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to India. Hypericum assamicum is one of two species of Hypericum in the section Hypericum sect. Sampsonia.

<i>Hypericum sechmenii</i> Flowering plant of the St Johns wort family

Hypericum sechmenii, or Seçmen's St John's wort, is a rare species of flowering plant of the St John's wort family (Hypericaceae) that is found in the Eskişehir Province of central Turkey. It was first described in 2009 by Turkish botanists Atila Ocak and Onur Koyuncu, who named the species in honor of Özcan Seçmen, a fellow botanist. They assigned the species to the genus Hypericum, and Norman Robson later placed H. sechmenii into the section Adenosepalum.

<i>Hypericum aucheri</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum aucheri, also known as Koramanotu in Turkish, is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae.

Hypericum harperi, the sharplobe St. Johnswort or Harper's St. John's wort, is a perennial flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is an aquatic herb native to southeast North America. H. harperi has a diploid chromosome number of 24.

<i>Hypericum vacciniifolium</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum vacciniifolium is a species of flowering plant in the flowering plant family Hypericaceae. It was first described by August von Hayek and Walter Siehe in the Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. journal in 1914 from a specimen collected by Siehe in 1912.

<i>Hypericum heterophyllum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum heterophyllum is a flowering plant in the Hypericaceae family and is the only species in Hypericum sect. Heterophylla.

<i>Hypericum minutum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum minutum is a species of flowering plant in the St John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is a small perennial herb that grows in tufts. It has slender and brittle stems, flowers in clusters of one to three, yellow petals with black and amber glands, few stamens, and a seed capsule with narrow grooves. H. minutum is closely related to H. huber-morathii and H. sechmenii and resembles a smaller form of the latter plant. The plant is endemic to Turkey, and is found among limestone rocks in a limited region of southwestern Anatolia. Originally excluded from a comprehensive monograph of Hypericum, the species' placement within the genus is unclear. It has been placed in both section Adenosepalum and section Origanifolium.

<i>Hypericum elodeoides</i> Species of flowering plant of the St. Johns wort family

Hypericum elodeoides, commonly called the Himalayan St. John's Wort, is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family (Hypericaceae).

<i>Hypericum orientale</i> Species of Hypericaceae

Hypericum orientale, the Ptarmic-leafed St. John's wort or Eastern St. John's wort, is a flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is distributed across northern Turkey, Georgia, the Caucasus, and Dagestan. The species can be found on stony sloped amidst volcanic rocks in the mountains and in light woodlands at elevations of up to 2,300 m (7,500 ft). It flowers from May to June and July to August. The plant has small, bright yellow flowers and grows across the ground in a creeping pattern. It prefers full sun and is ideal for rock gardens, and is hardy down to -30°F.

Hypericum hirtellum is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is native to Iran and Iraq and is found on chalky, sandy soil at elevations of 300–2,000 meters.

References

  1. ↑ "Hypericum coris L. — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 2019-05-03.
  2. ↑ "Hypericum Coris - Heath-Leav'd St John's-Wort". The Botanical Magazine. Archived from the original on 2021-05-14. Retrieved 2019-05-03.
  3. ↑ Ernst, Edzard (2003). Hypericum : the genus Hypericum. Taylor and Francis. ISBN   0415369541. OCLC   50314801.
  4. 1 2 Robson, NORMAN K. B. (2013-05-14). "Studies in the genus Hypericum L (Hypericaceae) 5(2). Sections 17. Hirtella to 19. Coridium". Phytotaxa. 4 (1): 127. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.4.1.3. ISSN   1179-3163.
  5. ↑ Schweingruber, Fritz Hans; Börner, Annett; Schulze, Ernst-Detlef (2012-09-21), "Introduction to Volume 2", Atlas of Stem Anatomy in Herbs, Shrubs and Trees, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 1–4, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20435-7_1, ISBN   9783642204340
  6. 1 2 "Nomenclature | Hypericum online". hypericum.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2019-05-03.
  7. ↑ "Hypericum coris L., 1753 - Millepertuis coris". Inventaire National du Patrimoine Naturel. Retrieved 2019-05-03.
  8. ↑ "Hypericum coris | California Flora Nursery". www.calfloranursery.com. Archived from the original on 2016-04-09. Retrieved 2019-05-03.
  9. ↑ "FLOREALPES : Hypericum coris / Millepertuis verticillé / Hypericaceae / Fiche détaillée Fleurs des Hautes-Alpes". www.florealpes.com. Retrieved 2019-05-03.
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