Hypericum lancasteri | |
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H. lancasteri at the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Malpighiales |
Family: | Hypericaceae |
Genus: | Hypericum |
Section: | H. sect. Ascyreia |
Species: | H. lancasteri |
Binomial name | |
Hypericum lancasteri N. Robson, 1985 | |
Hypericum lancasteri, known as Lancaster's St. John's wort or as zhan e jin si tao in Chinese, [1] is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. The species has been awarded the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [2]
The species is found only in south-central China in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou. [3] It grows on dry banks and grassy slopes from 1700 to 2600 meters above sea level. [4]
Hypericum lancasteri is a shrub that grows to be up to 1 meter tall, with branches that are suberect to spreading. Its stems are purple-red and 4-lined, and are somewhat ancipitous when the plant is young, and eventually become terete later on. The internodes grow between 10 and 60 millimeters long, sometimes being shorter than the leaves and sometimes exceeding the leaves. It has reddish-brown bark as it ages. The leaves are petiolate, and their petioles grow between 1-1.5 millimeters long. They have 30–60 lamina that grow 9–30 millimeters long and have laminar glands, dots, and short streaks, but sparse or absent ventral glands. There are typically 1-11 flowers that come from 1–3 nodes that are lax, with relatively stout branches. The species is deciduous. Its flowers are 30–55 mm in diameter and are stellate. They have buds that are oval-shaped and acute. The sepals number 8–11 and grow 3–4 mm long, are free, and are reddish in color. The species' petals are golden yellow, with no tinge of red. There are numerous stamen fascicles, each with about 45–50 stamens, the longest growing 11–16 mm long, with golden yellow anthers of similar shade to the petals. Its seeds dark red-brown and grow 1-1.3 mm long. [5] [6]
Hypericum lancasteri grows best in full sun or partial shade, and can grow in sheltered or exposed conditions. It is most suited for well-drained areas, but can grow well in damp areas as well. The species can grow in chalky or sandy soil, as well as in clay or loam. It is not greatly affected by the pH value of the soil it grows in, nd can be grown in slightly acidic or alkaline areas without much impact. It is a hardy plant that can survive through most severe winters. [7]
The species can be propagated from softwood cuttings taken from full-grown plants, or can be sown from seed outdoors in the fall. It can also be sown indoors before the last frost and then transplanted in the spring. [8]
The species is generally pest-free, but is susceptible to developing rust. [9]
Hypericum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae. The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from tropical lowlands, deserts and polar regions. Many Hypericum species are regarded as invasive species and noxious weeds. All members of the genus may be referred to as St. John's wort, and some are known as goatweed. The white or pink flowered marsh St. John's worts of North America and eastern Asia are generally accepted as belonging to the separate genus TriadenumRaf.
Hypericum mutilum is a species of St. John's wort known by the common name dwarf St. John's wort. It is native to parts of North America and is present in other parts as an introduced species. It is an annual or perennial herb taking a multibranched erect form up to about 60 centimeters tall. The oval green leaves are one or two centimeters long and are covered in tiny glands. The inflorescence is a compound cyme of tiny flowers. H. mutilum subsp. mutilum and subsp. boreale have a diploid number of 16, and H. mutilum subsp. boreale can have a diploid number of 18.
Hypericum olympicum, commonly known as the Mount Olympus St. John's wort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae found in the Balkans and Turkey and introduced to western Europe. It has been widely cultivated for centuries because of its large, showy flowers, which are far larger than those of most other species in Hypericum.
Hypericum acmosepalum is a dwarf shrub in Hypericumsect. Ascyreia that is native to China and known as jian e jin si tao locally.
Hypericum aegypticum is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family (Hypericaceae) which is native to the Eastern Mediterranean. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in the second volume of his Species Plantarum in 1753, who named it after Egypt despite it not being distributed there. The plant is commonly known as shrubby St. John's wort or Egyptian St. John's wort in English. Like other members of section Adenotrias, it is found among limestone rocks in coastal areas. While it has been evaluated as threatened on the island of Malta, the species has no legal protections.
Hypericum punctatum, the spotted St. John's wort, is a perennial herb native to North America. The yellow-flowered herb occurs throughout eastern North America into southern Canada. The process of microsporogenesis carried out by this plant is prone to errors in chromosomal segregation. It has a diploid number of 14 or 16. Insects are attracted to the plant's pollen and the hypericin in the plant's leaves is toxic to mammals.
Hypericum cuisinii is a perennial herb in the genus Hypericum, in the section Adenosepalum. The herb has pale yellow flowers and occurs in Greece and Turkey.
Hypericum edisonianum, known as Arcadian St. John's wort, Edison's St. John's wort, and Edison ascyrum, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to Florida.
Hypericum majus, the greater Canadian St. John's wort, is a perennial herb native to North America. The specific epithet majus means "larger". The plant has a diploid number of 16.
Hypericum sampsonii is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It occurs in China, Taiwan, Japan, Myanmar, and Vietnam. It is one of two species of Hypericum in the section Hypericum sect. Sampsonia.
Hypericum myrtifolium, the myrtleleaf St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to the Southeastern United States. It was first described by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1797.
Hypericum assamicum is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to India. Hypericum assamicum is one of two species of Hypericum in the section Hypericum sect. Sampsonia.
Hypericum oblongifolium, known as Pendant St. John's wort, is a species of flowering plant in Hypericumsect. Ascyreia.
Hypericum patulum, known as goldencup St. John's wort or yellow mosqueta, is a species of flowering plant in Hypericumsect. Ascyreia.
Hypericum formosissimum is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae, section Adenosepalum, in the Hypericum huber-morathii group.
Hypericum przewalskii, commonly called Przewalski's St. John's wort, is a flowering plant in Hypericumsect. Roscyna that is native to China.
Hypericum virginicum, the marsh St. Johns-wort or Virginia marsh St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is native to the central and eastern United States and eastern Canada.
Hypericum coris, the heath-leaved St. John's wort, also called yellow coris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae, and is the type species of sect. Coridium. It is a low shrub, and it is found in Switzerland and northwestern Italy. The species has been a popular garden plant since the 18th century, valued for its long flowering period and for how well it adapts to cultivation.
Hypericum elodeoides, commonly called the Himalayan St. John's Wort, is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family (Hypericaceae).