Hysteria is the fourth studio album by English rock band Def Leppard,released on 3 August 1987,[4] by Mercury Records. The album is the follow-up to the band's 1983 breakthrough,Pyromania. Hysteria's creation took over three years and was plagued by delays,including the aftermath of drummer Rick Allen's accident that cost him his left arm on 31 December 1984.[5] Subsequent to the album's release,Def Leppard published a book titled Animal Instinct:The Def Leppard Story,written by Rolling Stone magazine senior editor David Fricke,on the three-year recording process of Hysteria and the difficult times the band endured through the mid-1980s. Lasting 62 minutes and 32 seconds,it is the band's longest studio album to date.
Hysteria was the band's third album to be produced by Robert John "Mutt" Lange. The title of the album was conceived by Allen referring to his car accident,the amputation of his arm,and the ensuing worldwide media coverage surrounding it. It is the last album to feature guitarist Steve Clark before his death in 1991,[6] although songs co-written by him would appear on the band's next album,Adrenalize (1992).[7]
Although initial sales stalled outside the band's devoted fanbase,it soon became a worldwide commercial success,reaching number one on both the Billboard 200 and the UK Albums Chart.[8][9] It is Def Leppard's best-selling album to date,selling over 20 million copies worldwide,including 12 million in the US,and spawned seven hit singles. It remains one of the best-selling albums of all time.
History
Soon after completing the Pyromania tour in February 1984,the band commenced writing and pre-production for what became Hysteria in Dublin,using Fostex 4-track cassette recorders to capture ideas. Early sketches of "Animal","Gods Of War" and "Armageddon It" were developed during this period.[10][11] Lange joined them to help with writing and arrangements,but at late notice informed the group he could not commit to producing the album due to burnout from a gruelling schedule from the past few years. Thus,they had to find another producer who was available and they went with Jim Steinman.[12]
Sessions with Steinman began at Wisseloord Studios on 11 August 1984,with Neil Dorfsman as engineer.[13] However,it became clear that Steinman was not the right producer for them,that his standards were not as high as Lange's:Steinman's intention to make a raw-sounding record that captured the moment conflicted with the band's interest in creating a bigger,more pristine pop production.[10] As singer Joe Elliott observed,"[Steinman] wouldn't adapt and we wouldn't compromise",[14] and by October 1984 Steinman was ousted from the project.[13] Dorfsman could not see the album through as he had commitments to work with Dire Straits on what became Brothers in Arms –he would later mention that they "barely [had] drums and bass on seven songs" after three months of work.[15]
After parting ways with Steinman and scrapping the material from those sessions,the band tried to produce the album themselves with Lange's engineer Nigel Green. However,as Steve Clark recalled,"it was very slow work because we didn't have any sort of headmaster there,and we had to try everything five different ways."[12]
On 31 December 1984,Rick Allen lost his left arm when his Corvette (C4) flipped off a country road. Following the accident,the band stood by Allen's decision to return to the drum kit despite his disability,using a combination electronic/acoustic kit with a set of electronic pedals that triggered (via MIDI) the sounds that he would have played with his left arm. The band slowly continued production until Lange returned in the summer of 1985 for vocal sessions in Paris. However,Lange soon felt that the material recorded so far (which ended up sounding close to Pyromania) needed work,leading to another 18 months in the studio.[16] However,the sessions were further delayed by Lange's own auto accident (sustaining leg injuries from which he quickly recovered) and a bout of the mumps suffered by singer Joe Elliott in late 1986.
Hysteria was recorded in a piecemeal way like the previous two albums,with individual parts (or notes,even) being recorded separately. The guitars were recorded first to a LinnDrum click track,which gave Lange and the band the flexibility to re-write and re-record parts of the song as they went along. Then,once the arrangements were finalised,the bass and drums were added towards the end of the recording.[17]
The final recording sessions took place in January 1987 for the song "Armageddon It" and a last-minute composition "Pour Some Sugar on Me",though Lange spent another three months mixing the tracks. The album was finally released worldwide on 3 August 1987,with "Animal" as the lead single in most countries except for the US and Canada where "Women" was the first single.
Concept
The album's goal,set out by Lange,was to be a hard rock version of Michael Jackson's Thriller,in that every track was a potential hit single.[2][18] Songs were therefore written with this concept in mind,disappointing heavy metal fans who clamoured for a straight sequel to the band's previous album,Pyromania.[citation needed] One song,"Love Bites",was already mostly written in the vein of a country ballad by Mutt Lange when he brought it to the band's attention.[19]
While Pyromania contained traces of Def Leppard's original traditional heavy metal sound found on their first two albums,Hysteria removed them in favour of the latest sonic technology available at the time (best displayed on "Rocket","Love Bites","Excitable",and "Gods of War"). As with Pyromania,every song was recorded by every member in the studio separately instead of the whole band. The multiple vocal harmonies were enhanced by Lange's techniques,even pitching background vocals on all tracks. Guitar parts were now more focused on emphasising melody rather than hard rock riffing.
The band used the Rockman amplifier,developed by guitarist Tom Scholz from the rock band Boston,to record the album. Engineer Mike Shipley described the Rockman as "a shitty little box" with "a godawful sound" that "had no real balls to it",[20] but it was used because the other amplifiers used had an excessively "crunchy" sound ill-suited to layering guitars and which Lange did not think was "commercial" enough.[20]
In addition,all of the album's drum sounds were samples recorded by Lange and the engineers,then played from the Fairlight CMI. In a 1999 interview with Mix magazine,Shipley noted,"Pyromania was done the same way,on cheesy 8-bit Fairlight technology where we had to figure out how to record everything at half speed into the Fairlight to make it sound like it had some tone to it,and we'd be stacking up a bunch of snares and bass drums." Shipley also noted that the drum sounds were dealt with last because each song's structure could change so radically,and because of technical difficulties.[20] This unique approach sometimes led to painstaking lengths of time in the recording studio.
The smash single,"Pour Some Sugar on Me",was the last song written but was quickly finished within two weeks. In sharp contrast,the final version of "Animal" took almost a full three years to be developed but was not as successful as other singles,only reaching number 19 on the Billboard Hot 100.[21]
Commercial performance
David Simone,managing director of Phonogram Records at the time,said the album might have been the most expensive record made in the UK. According to guitarist Phil Collen,the album had to sell a minimum of 5 million copies to break even.[22]
The popularity of Def Leppard in their homeland had significantly grown over the previous four years,and Hysteria topped the charts in Britain in its first week of release. The album was also a major success in other parts of Europe. In the US,however,the band initially struggled to regain the momentum of Pyromania that was lost from such a prolonged absence. The leadoff track,"Women",was selected as the first single for the US and Canada,instead of "Animal",in July 1987. Then-manager Cliff Burnstein reasoned that the band needed to reconnect with their hard rock audience first before issuing more top 40-friendly singles. "Women" became a top ten hit on the rock chart,peaking at number seven,but as predicted,did not make a large impact on the Billboard Hot 100,peaking at number 80.
The success of the album's fourth single,"Pour Some Sugar on Me" would propel the album to the top of the US Billboard 200 albums chart on 23 July 1988,nearly a year after its release –topping the chart three separate times for a combined total of six weeks.[23] Seven singles were eventually released in the United States,with "Love Bites" reaching number one,and three others reaching the top ten. The singles earned similar success in the United Kingdom. In the Billboard issue dated 8 October 1988,Def Leppard held the number one spot on both the singles and album charts with "Love Bites" and Hysteria,respectively.
Hysteria went on to dominate album charts around the world for three years. It was certified 12×platinum by the RIAA in 1998. The album currently sits as the 51st best selling album of all time in the US. It spent 96 weeks in the US top 40,a record for the 1980s it ties with Born in the U.S.A.[24][25] The album has sold more than 20 million copies worldwide.[26]
Speaking to Kerrang! in May 2008 about the album's success,Joe Elliott remembered:
For us the first album showed promise,the second showed the true reality of where we were going,the third album worked better in America than it did in England simply because there was no exposure radio-wise over here but by the time we did Hysteria,everything had fallen into place. Airplay and hit singles were one aspect of it but there was also all the hard work we put into the album –we literally did slave over it to get every sound on it right. There was also Rick's accident,of course,and to be honest,I'm sure there was the initial wave of sympathy but I'm equally sure the album would have still worked anyway. None of the other stuff –the touring,the promotion,the videos –none of that would have meant anything if the songs hadn't been there and I'm still really proud of all the songs on Hysteria.[27]
On 24 October 2006,a 2-CD "deluxe edition" of the album was released,including a remastering of the original b-sides and bonus tracks from the album's period. These songs include "Tear It Down","I Wanna Be Your Hero","Ride Into The Sun" (originally released in 1979 on The Def Leppard E.P.) and "Ring of Fire". Many of these songs,alongside two other Hysteria compositions "Desert Song" and "Fractured Love",had been featured on Retro Active,albeit with remixes,revamps,and new parts added. The deluxe edition Hysteria CD included the original b-side versions of these recordings without alterations.
Another song,"Tonight" was originally recorded on 5 May 1988 during a break in the Hysteria World Tour as a possible b-side to one of the album's upcoming singles. The song was shelved and later re-recorded for the Adrenalize album. The 1988 demo version,which includes Steve Clark on guitar,was eventually released on various CD singles,album deluxe editions and box sets.[28]
Finally,a very tongue in cheek cover of "Release Me" which was made famous by Engelbert Humperdinck in 1967 was released as a b-side under the guise of Stumpus Maximus and the Good Ol' Boys. Stumpus Maximus was Malvin Mortimer,a member of the band's road crew who later became their tour manager. The Good Ol' Boys were the members of Def Leppard,singing backup on what is essentially a parody version of the song.[29]
During their 22 March to 10 April 2013 residency at The Joint,Def Leppard performed the album in its entirety,from start to finish. This was followed up with a live album Viva! Hysteria,recorded during the residency and released on 22 October 2013,which includes all of band's fourth studio album being played live.
This would be followed up seven years later as Hysteria:Live at the O2 was released on 29 May 2020,as part of the London to Vegas box set. The live concert was filmed at The O2 Arena in London,England on 6 December 2018,as the band once again played the album in its entirety. Various releases have included a stand-alone edition of this concert have featured combinations of audio,DVD and blu-ray discs.
In the liner notes to the album,the band apologized for the long wait between albums,and promised to never force fans to wait that long between albums again. However,later events,particularly the death of lead guitarist Steve Clark,delayed the next album,Adrenalize,by almost five years.
Hysteria received generally positive reviews. AllMusic's Steve Huey awarded it five stars,stating,"Pyromania's slick,layered Mutt Lange production turned into a painstaking obsession with dense sonic detail on Hysteria,with the result that some critics dismissed the record as a stiff,mechanized pop sell-out (perhaps due in part to Rick Allen's new,partially electronic drum kit)." Huey characterized the album as "pop metal" rather than heavy metal,with reference to the production of Mutt Lange,and called it "arguably the best pop-metal album ever recorded".[30]
In 2005,Hysteria was ranked number 464 in Rock Hard magazine's book The 500 Greatest Rock &Metal Albums of All Time.[40]Hysteria got the same placement on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 best albums of all time,[41] the magazine also ranked the album atop its list of the 50 greatest hair metal albums,[42] and they placed the album on their list of "50 Rock Albums Every Country Fan Should Own".[43]Loudwire placed the album at number two on their list of the top 30 hair metal albums.[44]Hysteria was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[45]L.A. Weekly and Consequence of Sound both ranked the album number eight on their Hair Metal album lists.[46][47]Metal Rules put the album on their list of the Top 50 Glam Metal Albums,at number 30.[48]The Ringer called Hysteria "the greatest hair-metal album ever made".[49]
"I can say objectively –because I wasn't in the band then –that Hysteria is one of the greatest records of all time," remarked Leppard guitarist Vivian Campbell.[50]
On 4 August 2017, the band released 30th Anniversary editions of the album. This included remasters of the original songs, B-sides and remixes from the albums era on two discs, the Classic Albums documentary episode of the making of the album, and an audio only version of the Live: In the Round, in Your Face video, recorded in Denver, Colorado at McNichols Sports Arena on 12 and 13 February 1988. This release omits four songs from the concert: "Don't Shoot Shotgun", "Let It Go", "Tear It Down" and "Travelin' Band" (a Creedence Clearwater Revival cover) as well as a Steve Clark guitar solo. Two songs, "Armageddon It" and "Pour Some Sugar On Me", were performed twice in order to record music videos.
*Mislabeled as "Lunar Mix (radio edit)", this is a rare promo mix edited from the album version. It differs heavily from the actual Lunar Mix radio edit, which contains elements from both the album version and the full-length Lunar Mix and cuts the second verse in half. The version used for the music video and for Vault significantly shortens the bridge section of the Lunar Mix radio edit.
↑ Misspelled as 'Pete Williscroft' in the album credits.
Related Research Articles
Def Leppard are an English rock band formed in Sheffield in 1976. Since 1992, the band has consisted of Rick Savage, Joe Elliott, Rick Allen (drums), Phil Collen, and Vivian Campbell. They established themselves as part of the new wave of British heavy metal of the early 1980s. Their greatest commercial success came between the early 1980s and mid–1990s.
Pyromania is the third studio album by English rock band Def Leppard, released on 20 January 1983 through Vertigo Records in UK and Europe and through Mercury Records in the US. The first album to feature guitarist Phil Collen who replaced founding member Pete Willis, Pyromania was produced by Robert John "Mutt" Lange. The album was a shift away from the band's traditional heavy metal roots toward a more radio-friendly sound, finding massive mainstream success. Pyromania charted at No. 2 on the Billboard 200, No. 4 on the Canadian RPM Album chart and No. 18 on the UK Albums Chart. Selling over ten million copies in the US, it has been certified diamond by the RIAA.
High 'n' Dry is the second studio album by the English rock band Def Leppard, released on 6 July 1981. High 'n' Dry was Pete Willis' last full-time album with Def Leppard. It charted at No. 38 on the Billboard 200 and No. 26 on the UK Albums Chart. "High 'n' Dry ", ranked No. 33 on VH1's 40 Greatest Metal Songs. Following the success of Pyromania, the album re-entered in the US chart and reached No. 72 in 1983.
Adrenalize is the fifth studio album by English rock band Def Leppard, released on 31 March 1992 through Mercury Records. It is the first album by the band recorded without guitarist Steve Clark, who died in 1991, although most songs were written and partially demoed before his death, they were re-recorded solo by Phil Collen in 1991-1992. It is the only album recorded by Def Leppard as a four-member band. Spawning seven singles, four of them – "Let's Get Rocked", "Make Love Like a Man", "Have You Ever Needed Someone So Bad", and "Stand Up " – were major hits.
Slang is the sixth studio album by English rock band Def Leppard, released on 14 May 1996. The album marked a musical departure from their signature sound; it was produced by the band with Pete Woodroffe and was their first album since 1980 without involvement by Robert John "Mutt" Lange. Slang is the first album with new material to feature new guitarist Vivian Campbell. It charted at number 14 on the Billboard 200 and number 5 on the UK Albums Chart. It is also the only Def Leppard album that does not feature their recognisable font logo on the album cover, though all its singles still bore the classic logo.
Euphoria is the seventh studio album by English rock band Def Leppard, released on 8 June 1999 in the United States and on 14 June 1999 in the United Kingdom by Mercury Records. The album aimed to return to their signature sound made famous by the band in the 1980s. It was produced by the band with Pete Woodroffe. The album charted at No. 11 on the Billboard 200 and No. 11 on the UK Albums Chart. It includes the song "Promises", which hit the number one spot on Billboard's Mainstream Rock chart.
Retro Active is a compilation album by the English rock band Def Leppard, released in 1993. The album features touched-up versions of B-sides and previously unreleased recordings from the band's recording sessions from 1984 to 1993. The album charted at number 9 on the Billboard 200 and No. 6 on the UK Albums Chart.
Vault: Def Leppard Greatest Hits (1980–1995) is the first greatest hits album and the second compilation album by English hard rock band Def Leppard. The album was originally released in the band's home country on 23 October 1995 by Mercury Records. It was released in North America a week later on 31 October by the same label. Vault went on to be certified gold in four countries, platinum in three and multi-platinum in two. In the US, the album is currently certified 5× platinum by the RIAA, and in June 2011 it topped the five million mark in sales there. It won Metal Edge magazine's 1995 Readers' Choice Award for "Best Hits or Compilation Album."
"Love Bites" is a song by English glam metal band Def Leppard from their album Hysteria. The power ballad is Def Leppard's only number-one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 and became a top-10 hit in Canada, Ireland, and New Zealand. On the UK Singles Chart, the track peaked at number 11.
"Pour Some Sugar on Me" is a song by the English rock band Def Leppard from their 1987 album Hysteria. It reached number 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 on 23 July 1988, behind "Hold On to the Nights" by Richard Marx. "Pour Some Sugar on Me" is considered the band's signature song, and was ranked #2 on VH1's "100 Greatest Songs of the 80s" in 2006.
The English rock band Def Leppard have released 12 studio albums, four live albums, six compilation albums, and two extended plays. Def Leppard also have sold over 100 million records worldwide, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time.
"Animal" is a song recorded by English rock band Def Leppard in 1987 from the album Hysteria. It was the first single release off the album, and became the band's first Top 10 hit in their native UK, reaching No. 6 on the UK Singles Chart.
"Rock of Ages" is a song by Def Leppard from their 1983 album Pyromania. When issued as a single in the United States, the song reached #16 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and #19 on the Cash Box Top 100. It also hit #1 on the Top Tracks Rock chart.
Best of Def Leppard is a compilation album featuring some of Def Leppard's most popular songs. The album charted at No. 6 on the UK Albums Chart.
"Photograph" is a song by the British hard rock band Def Leppard that was produced by Robert John "Mutt" Lange. The track served as the lead single from the band's third studio album, which was titled Pyromania and came out in 1983. Although it has frequently been described as being a tribute to the entertainer Marilyn Monroe, the group's lead vocalist, Joe Elliott, has described the song as broadly about "something you can't ever get your hands on".
"Hysteria" is a song by English rock band Def Leppard. It is the tenth track on their 1987 album of the same name and was released as the album's fourth single in November 1987. The song became the band's first top 10 hit on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 10.
"Let it Go" is a 1981 song by English rock band Def Leppard from their multi-platinum album High 'n' Dry. It was one of two singles from the album, and reached number 34 on the US Mainstream Rock charts. It was originally titled "When the Rain Falls" with different lyrics as played at New Theatre in Oxford in 1980.
Songs from the Sparkle Lounge is the tenth studio album by the English rock band Def Leppard. It was released on 25 April 2008 in Europe and 29 April in North America.
Viva! Hysteria is a double live album by the English rock band Def Leppard released on the 22 October 2013. The album was recorded on 29 and 30 March 2013 during the band's residency of the same name at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino.
Def Leppard is the eleventh studio album by the English rock band Def Leppard, released on 30 October 2015. The band's first studio album since 2008's Songs from the Sparkle Lounge and their first on earMUSIC Records, it became their seventh top ten album on the Billboard 200 after debuting at number 10. The first single "Let's Go" was released 15 September 2015, alongside the artwork and track listing.
↑ Dolan, Jon; Menconi, David; Ryan, Linda; Harvilla, Rob; Aaron, Charles; Murray, Nick; Grow, Kory; Powell, Mike; Moss, Malissa R.; Fischer, Reed; Gehr, Richard; Eddy, Chuck (12 November 2014). "50 Rock Albums Every Country Fan Should Own". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
↑ Robert Dimery; Michael Lydon (23 March 2010). 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die: Revised and Updated Edition. Universe. ISBN978-0-7893-2074-2.
↑ Pennanen, Timo (2006). Sisältää hitin – levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972 (in Finnish) (1sted.). Helsinki: Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava. ISBN978-951-1-21053-5.
↑ "European Top 100 Albums – 1987"(PDF). Music & Media. Vol.8, no.51/52. 26 December 1987. p.35. OCLC29800226. Retrieved 29 November 2021– via World Radio History.Digit page 37 on the PDF archive.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
