LGBT history in Norway

Last updated

Notable events in LGBT history in Norway include:

Kim Friele was the first gay Norwegian to publicly acknowledge and advocate for her sexuality, in June 1965. [1] [2]

The penal code's paragraph 213 was the order for the punishment (straffebud) of homosexual men. In June 1968 then minister of justice said that "it is not stated, if the paragraph should be lifted [or removed]". A different government came to power in 1969. [3]

In 1970, a question was registered for interpellation in Parliament, by representative Arne Kielland. The Borten Government had no intent to answer the interpellation, but forwarded a law proposal about the age of sexual consent for gay males—18 years, while the age limit for all others was 16 years. A different government came to power in March 1971. [3]

Homosexuality in Norway was decriminalised in 1972. [4]

Same-sex civil unions were accepted by Norwegian law in 1993. [5]

The law legalizing same-sex marriage in Norway took effect on January 1, 2009. [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT movements</span> Social movements

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) movements are social movements that advocate for LGBT people in society. Although there is not a primary or an overarching central organization that represents all LGBT people and their interests, numerous LGBT rights organizations are active worldwide. The first organization to promote LGBT rights was the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee, founded in 1897 in Berlin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paragraph 175</span> Provision of the German Criminal Code regarding homosexual acts (1871–1994)

Paragraph 175 was a provision of the German Criminal Code from 15 May 1871 to 10 March 1994. It made sexual relations between males a crime, and in early revisions the provision also criminalized bestiality as well as forms of prostitution and underage sexual abuse. All in all, around 140,000 men were convicted under the law. The law had always been controversial and inspired the first homosexual movement, which called for its repeal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights in Germany</span>

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights in Germany rank among the highest in the world and have evolved significantly over the course of the last decades. During the 1920s and the early 1930s, lesbian and gay people in Berlin were generally tolerated by society and many bars and clubs specifically pertaining to gay men were opened. Although same-sex sexual activity between men was already made illegal under Paragraph 175 by the German Empire in 1871, Nazi Germany extended these laws during World War II, which resulted in the persecution and deaths of thousands of homosexual citizens. The Nazi extensions were repealed in 1960 and same-sex sexual activity between men was decriminalized in both East and West Germany in 1968 and 1969, respectively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gay-friendly</span> Promoting a respectful environment for LGBT people

Gay-friendly or LGBT-friendly places, policies, people, or institutions are those that are open and welcoming to gay or LGBT people. They typically aim to create an environment that is supportive, respectful, and non-judgmental towards the LGBT community. The term "gay-friendly" originated in the late 20th century in North America, as a byproduct of a gradual implementation of gay rights, greater acceptance of LGBT people in society, and the recognition of LGBT people as a distinct consumer group for businesses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kim Friele</span> Norwegian writer and gay rights activist (1935–2021)

Karen-Christine Friele, known as Kim Friele, was a Norwegian gay rights and human rights activist, famous for being the first gay Norwegian to publicly acknowledge and advocate for her sexuality, in June 1965. She acted as the leader for the previously secret organization Forbundet av 1948 between 1966 and 1971, and as its secretary general until 1989.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights in Romania</span>

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) persons in Romania may face legal challenges and discrimination not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Attitudes in Romania are generally conservative, with regard to the rights of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender citizens. Nevertheless, the country has made significant changes in LGBT rights legislation since 2000. In the past two decades, it fully decriminalised homosexuality, introduced and enforced wide-ranging anti-discrimination laws, equalised the age of consent and introduced laws against homophobic hate crimes. Furthermore, LGBT communities have become more visible in recent years, as a result of events such as Bucharest's annual pride parade and Cluj-Napoca's Gay Film Nights festival.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights in Australia</span>

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights in Australia have advanced over the latter half of the twentieth century and early twenty-first century to make Australia one of the most LGBT-accepting countries in the world, with opinion polls and the Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey indicating widespread popular support for same-sex marriage. A 2013 Pew Research poll found that 79% of Australians agreed that homosexuality should be accepted by society, making it the fifth-most supportive country surveyed in the world. With its long history of LGBT activism and annual Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras festival, Sydney has been named one of the most gay-friendly cities in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights in Sweden</span>

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT+) rights in Sweden are regarded as some of the most progressive in Europe and in the world in regards to gay rights, but significantly less so regarding trans rights. Same-sex sexual activity was legalized in 1944 and the age of consent was equalized to that of heterosexual activity in 1972. Sweden also became the first country in the world to allow transgender people to change their legal gender post-sex reassignment surgery in 1972 whilst transvestism was declassified as an illness. Legislation allowing legal gender changes without hormone replacement therapy and sex reassignment surgery was passed in 2013.

The legal status of same-sex marriage has changed in recent years in numerous jurisdictions around the world. The current trends and consensus of political authorities and religions throughout the world are summarized in this article.

Wenche Bryn Lowzow was a Norwegian politician in the Conservative Party of Norway. She was a member of the Norwegian parliament as a representative from Oslo from 1977 to 1985. When same-sex civil unions were accepted by Norwegian law in 1993, Lowzow and her partner, author and activist Karen-Christine Friele, were among the first to formalize their relationship.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights in Norway</span>

LGBT rights in Norway rank among the highest in the world. In 1981, Norway became one of the first countries in the world to enact an anti-discrimination law explicitly including sexual orientation. Same-sex marriage, adoption, and assisted insemination treatments for lesbian couples have been legal since 2009. In 2016, Norway became the fourth country in Europe to pass a law allowing the change of legal gender for transgender people based on self-determination.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights in Europe</span>

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights are widely diverse in Europe per country. Nineteen out of the 34 countries that have legalised same-sex marriage worldwide are situated in Europe. A further eleven European countries have legalised civil unions or other forms of more limited recognition for same-sex couples.

This is a list of notable events in the history of LGBT rights that took place in the year 2008.

Same-sex marriage in Norway has been legal since 1 January 2009 when a gender-neutral marriage law came into force after being passed by the Storting in June 2008. Norway was the first Scandinavian country, the fourth in Europe, and the sixth country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage, after the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Canada, and South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sodomy law</span> Laws criminalising certain sexual acts

A sodomy law is a law that defines certain sexual acts as crimes. The precise sexual acts meant by the term sodomy are rarely spelled out in the law, but are typically understood by courts to include any sexual act deemed to be "unnatural" or "immoral". Sodomy typically includes anal sex, oral sex, and bestiality. In practice, sodomy laws have rarely been enforced against heterosexual couples, and have mostly been used to target homosexual couples.

Communist attitudes towards LGBT rights have evolved radically in recent years. In the 19th and 20th century, communist parties and Marxist–Leninist states varied on LGBT rights; some Western parties were among the first political parties to support LGBT rights, while others, especially the Soviet Union and its Eastern Bloc, harshly persecuted people of the LGBT community.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT rights in the Cook Islands</span>

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) persons in the Cook Islands face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents, but these challenges have gradually lessened in recent years. As of 1 June 2023, homosexual acts between men became legal in the Cook Islands after a vote by the Parliament of the Cook Islands. Female homosexual acts are legal. Same-sex marriage is outlawed. Nevertheless, LGBT people do enjoy some limited legal protections, as employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation has been banned since 2013.

This is a Timeline of LGBT history in the United Kingdom. There is evidence that LGBT activity in the United Kingdom existed as far back as the days of Celtic Britain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LGBT history in the Netherlands</span>

The history of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people in the Netherlands has reflected the shades of tolerance or rigidity which were utilized by the rulers of the country at various periods in its history. Since World War II, the movement for LGBT rights has been galvanized by both events abroad and increasing liberalization domestically.

The following is a timeline of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) history in the 20th century.

References

  1. Aldrich, Robert; Garry Wotherspoon (2001). Who's Who in Gay and Lesbian History: From Antiquity to World War II . Lisbeth Nilsen. Routledge. pp.  149–150. ISBN   0-415-22974-X.
  2. Nilsen, Lisbeth (2 January 2006). "Kim Friele" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 25 May 2006. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  3. 1 2 Blåblå homovennlighet er en blåblå skrøne [Blue-Blue gay-friendliness is a blue-blue fib]
  4. "Where is it illegal to be gay?". BBC News. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
  5. Nilsen, Lisbeth. "Wenche Lowzow". Norsk biografisk leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 15 March 2010.
  6. "Norway passes law approving gay marriage". Los Angeles Times . Associated Press. 17 June 2008. Archived from the original on 13 June 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2020.