List of flora of Washington

This is a partial list of flora that are native to the U.S. state of Washington.

Plants sorted by family

Adoxaceae

• Sambucus nigra ― blue elderberry
• Sambucus racemosa ― red elderberry
• Viburnum edule ― high-bush cranberry
• Viburnum ellipticum ― common viburnum
• Viburnum opulus ― snowball viburnum

Asparagaceae

• Asparagus officinalis ― garden asparagus
• Brodiaea coronaria ― bluedick brodiea
• Camassia quamash ― common camas
• Camassia leichtlinii ― large camas
• Dichelostemma congestum ― ookow, northern saitas
• Maianthemum dilatatum ― false lily-of-the-valley
• Maianthemum racemosum ― feathery false lily-of-the-valley
• Maianthemum stellatum ― starry false lily-of-the-valley
• Muscari armeniacum ― garden grape-hyacinth
• Ornithogalum umbellatum ― sleepydick
• Triteleia grandiflora ― blue umber lily
• Triteleia hyacinthina ― white triteleia

Athyriaceae

• Athyrium filix-femina — common lady fern

Berberidaceae

Achlys californica — vanillaleaf Achlys triphylla — vanillaleaf Berberis nervosa — dwarf Oregon-grape

Mahonia aquifolium — Oregon-grape Vancouveria hexandra — white inside-out flower

Holly-leaf Oregon-grape at Longmire, Mount Rainier National Park

Betulaceae

Alnus incana — mountain alder Alnus rhombifolia — white alder Alnus rubra — red alder Alnus viridis — Siberian alder, Sitka alder, mountain alder Betula glandulosa — swamp birch

Betula occidentalis — water birch, river birch Betula papyrifera — paper birch Betula pumila — bog birch, dwarf birch Corylus cornuta — California hazel, beaked hazel

Blechnaceae

• Blechnum spicant — deer fern

Boraginaceae

• Hydrophyllum tenuipes — Pacific waterleaf

Caprifoliaceae

• Symphoricarpos albus — snowberry, waxberry

Cannabaceae

• Celtis reticulata — western hackberry/netleaf hackberry

Cornaceae

Cornus nuttallii — Pacific dogwood Cornus sericea — creek dogwood

Cornus × unalaschkensis — western bunchberry

Cupressaceae

Cupressus nootkatensis — Nootka cypress Juniperus communis — common juniper Juniperus maritima — seaside juniper

Juniperus occidentalis — western juniper Juniperus scopulorum — Rocky Mountain juniper Thuja plicata — western redcedar

Sword fern along the Carbon River Road on the slopes of Mt. Rainier.

Cyperaceae

• Schoenoplectus acutus — tule

Dryopteridaceae

• Polystichum munitum — western sword fern

Ericaceae

Arbutus menziesii — Pacific madrona Arctostaphylos uva-ursi — kinnickinnick Gaultheria shallon — salal

Rhododendron macrophyllum — Pacific rhododendron Vaccinium ovatum — evergreen huckleberry Vaccinium parvifolium — red huckleberry

Kinnikinnick or Bear berry in Bonney Lake, Washington.

Fagaceae

• Chrysolepis chrysophylla — golden chinquapin
• Quercus garryana — Oregon white oak

Hydrangeaceae

• Philadelphus lewisii — Lewis's mock-orange

Liliaceae

• Clintonia uniflora ― bead lily, queen's cup
• Erythronium grandiflorum ― yellow glacier lily
• Erythronium oregonum ― white fawn lily
• Erythronium revolutum — pink fawn lily

Oleaceae

• Fraxinus latifolia — Oregon ash

Orchidaceae

• Goodyera oblongifolia — rattlesnake plantain
• Cephalanthera austiniae — phantom orchid
• Calypso bulbosa — fairy-slipper
• Corallorhiza maculata — spotted coralroot
• Corallorhiza mertensiana — pacific coralroot
• Corallorhiza striata — striped coralroot
• Platanthera stricta — slender bog orchid
• Platanthera dilatata — white bog orchid
• Spiranthes romanzoffiana — hooded ladies tresses
• Neottia cordata — heartleaf twayblade
• Neottia banksiana — northwestern twayblade
• Cypripedium montanum — mountain ladies slipper
• Platanthera elegans — elegant rein orchid
• Platanthera unalascensis — alaska rein orchid
• Platanthera elongata — denseflower rein orchid
• Platanthera transversa — flat spurred piperia
• Platanthera ephemerantha — whiteflower rein orchid
• Platanthera orbiculata — round leaved bog orchid
• Epipactis gigantea — stream orchid ^[1]

Paeoniaceae

• Paeonia brownii — native peony

Papaveraceae

• Dicentra formosa — Pacific bleeding heart

Pinaceae

Abies amabilis — Pacific silver fir Abies grandis — grand fir Abies lasiocarpa — subalpine fir Abies procera — noble fir Larix lyallii — alpine larch Larix occidentalis — western larch Picea engelmannii — Engelmann spruce Picea glauca — white spruce, western white spruce

Picea sitchensis — Sitka spruce Pinus albicaulis — whitebark pine Pinus contorta — lodgepole pine Pinus monticola — western white pine Pinus ponderosa — ponderosa pine Pseudotsuga menziesii — Douglas fir Tsuga heterophylla — western hemlock Tsuga mertensiana — mountain hemlock

Noble fir on Juniper Ridge Trail 261, Gifford Pinchot National Forest.

Plantaginaceae

Penstemon acuminatus — sharpleaf penstemon Penstemon barrettiae — Barrett's beardtongue Penstemon cardwellii — T.J. Howell Cardwell's beardtongue

Penstemon palmeri — Palmer's penstemon Penstemon rupicola — cliff beardtongue

Polypodiaceae

• Polypodium glycyrrhiza — licorice fern

Ranunculaceae

• Actaea rubra ― baneberry
• Anemone deltoidea ― three-leaved anemone, Pacific white anemone, Columbian windflower
• Anemone multifida ― cut-leaf anemone
• Aquilegia formosa ― red columbine
• Caltha biflora ― two-flowered marsh marigold
• Caltha leptosepala ― white marsh marigold
• Coptis asplenifolia ― fern-leaved goldthread
• Delphinium menziesii ― Menzie's larkspur
• Pulsatilla occidentalis , syn. Anemone occidentalis ― western anemone, white pasqueflower
• Ranunculus eschscholtzii ― Eschscholtz's buttercup
• Ranunculus flammula ― lesser spearwort, creeping spearwort, banewort
• Ranunculus occidentalis ― western buttercup
• Ranunculus uncinatus ― little buttercup
• Thalictrum occidentale ― western meadowrue
• Trautvetteria caroliniensis ― false bugbane
• Trollius laxus ― globeflower

Rhamnaceae

• Rhamnus purshiana — cascara buckthorn

Rosaceae

• Amelanchier alnifolia ― saskatoon, Pacific serviceberry
• Aruncus dioicus — goat's beard
• Geum calthifolium ― caltha-leaved avens
• Geum macrophyllum ― large-leaved avens
• Leutkea pectinata ― partridgefoot
• Oemleria cerasiformis — osoberry
• Physocarpus capitatus — Pacific ninebark
• Potentilla anserina ― silverweed
• Potentilla flabellifolia ― fan-leaved cinquefoil
• Potentilla villosa ― villous cinquefoil
• Rosa nutkana — Nootka rose
• Rubus parviflorus — thimbleberry
• Rubus spectabilis — salmonberry
• Rubus ursinus — trailing blackberry, California dewberry
• Sanguisorba canadensis ― Sitka burnet
• Sanguisorba officinalis ― great burnet
• Sibbaldia procumbens ― sibbaldia

Salicaceae

Populus tremuloides — quaking aspen Populus trichocarpa — black cottonwood Salix amygdaloides — peach-leaf willow Salix arctica — Arctic willow Salix barclayi — Barclay's willow Salix bebbiana — gray willow, Bebb's willow, long-beak willow Salix boothii — Booth's willow Salix brachycarpa — small-fruit willow Salix candida — sage willow Salix cascadensis — Cascade willow Salix columbiana — Columbia River willow Salix commutata — under-green willow Salix drummondiana — Drummond's willow Salix eastwoodiae — Sierra willow Salix exigua — narrow-leaf willow, coyote willow Salix farriae — Farr's willow Salix fragilis — crack willow Salix geyeriana — Geyer's willow

Salix glauca — gray willow Salix hookeriana — coastal willow Salix lasiandra — Pacific willow Salix lasiolepis — arroyo willow Salix maccalliana — Maccalla's willow Salix melanopsis — dusky willow Salix monochroma — one-color willow Salix nivalis — dwarf snow willow Salix pedicellaris — bog willow Salix petrophila — alpine willow Salix planifolia — tea-leaved willow Salix prolixa — Mackenzie's willow Salix pseudomonticola — false mountain willow Salix scouleriana — Scouler's willow Salix sessilifolia — sessile-leaf willow Salix sitchensis — Sitka willow Salix tweedyi — Tweedy's willow Salix vestita — rock willow

Sapindaceae

Acer circinatum — vine maple Acer glabrum — Douglas maple

Acer macrophyllum — big-leaf maple

Saxifragaceae

• Boykinia occidentalis ― coast boykinia, western boykinia
• Chrysosplenium glechomifolium ― Pacific golden saxifrage
• Heuchera glabra ― smooth alumroot
• Heuchera micrantha ― small-flowered alumroot
• Leptarrhena pyrolifolia ― leatherleaf saxifrage
• Lithophragma parviflorum ― small-flowered woodland star
• Micranthes ferruginea ― Alaska saxifrage
• Micranthes occidentalis ― western saxifrage
• Micranthes tolmiei ― Tolmie's saxifrage
• Mitella breweri ― brewer's mitrewort
• Mitella pentandra ― five-stamened mitrewort
• Saxifraga bronchialis ― spotted saxifrage, prickly saxifrage
• Saxifraga cespitosa ― tufted saxifrage
• Saxifraga oppositifolia ― purple mountain saxifrage
• Tellima grandiflora ― fringecup
• Tiarella trifoliata ― foamflower
• Tolmiea menziesii ― piggy-back plant, youth-on-age

Taxaceae

• Taxus brevifolia — Pacific yew

Tofieldiaceae

• Triantha occidentalis — western false asphodel

Zosteraceae

• Zostera marina — marine eelgrass

See also

• List of fauna of Washington (state)

References

1. "Observations". Inat. Retrieved 19 September 2024.

• Burke Museum (WTU) Image Collection

External links

• Washington Flora Checklist
• Checklist from the Flora of the Pacific Northwest, 2nd edition