List of investigational substance-related disorder drugs

Last updated

This is a list of investigational substance-related disorder drugs, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical use for the treatment of substance-related disorders but are not yet approved. Substance-related disorders include substance use disorders like alcoholism (alcohol use disorder), amphetamine use disorder, cocaine use disorder, nicotine use disorder, and opioid use disorder, among others. In addition, they include substance withdrawal syndromes like alcohol withdrawal and opioid withdrawal as well as substance overdoses like opioid overdose.

Contents

Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses. The format of list items is "Name (Synonyms) – Mechanism of Action – Indication [Reference]".

This list was last comprehensively updated in January 2026. It is likely to become outdated with time.

Under development

Phase 3

Phase 2/3

Phase 2

Phase 1/2

Phase 1

Preclinical

Research

Clinical phase unknown

Phase unknown

Not under development

No development reported

Suspended

Discontinued

Clinically used drugs

Approved drugs

Opioid receptor modulators

  • Buprenorphine depot (Brixadi; Buvidal; CAM-2038; CAM-2048) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, δ-opioid receptor agonist, κ-opioid receptor antagonist, and nociceptin receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [251]
  • Buprenorphine extended-release (Atrigel buprenorphine; BUP-XR-Indivior; depot buprenorphine; RBP-6000; Sublocade; Subutex prolonged release) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, δ-opioid receptor agonist, κ-opioid receptor antagonist, and nociceptin receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [252]
  • Buprenorphine/naloxone sublingual (naloxone/buprenorphine; Sai Bo Song; SCH-000484; Suboxone) – combination of buprenorphine (non-selective opioid receptor modulator) and naloxone (orally/sublingually inactive opioid receptor antagonist) – opioid-related disorders [253]
  • Methadone (Zoryon) – μ-opioid receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [254]
  • Nalmefene (Revex) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – opioid overdose, alcoholism
  • Nalmefene (CPH-101; JF-1; Lu AA36143; nalmetrene; NIH-10365; ORF-11676; Selincro; Soberal) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – alcoholism [255]
  • Nalmefene nasal spray (intranasal nalmefene; Indivior; OPNT-003; Opvee) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor weak partial agonist – opioid-related disorders [256]
  • Nalorphine (Lethidrone, Nalline) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist, κ-opioid receptor agonist – opioid overdose
  • Naloxone injection (Evzio; naloxone auto injector) – opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [257]
  • Naloxone intranasal spray (Rezenopy) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [258]
  • Naloxone intranasal spray (Kloxxado; naloxone nasal spray) μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [259]
  • Naloxone multidose nasal spray (AP-003; Narcan) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [260]
  • Naloxone nasal spray (-12; LT-20; LT-21; LT-22; Naloxon B; Narcan Nasal Spray; OPNT-001) – μ-opioid receptor antagonist – opioid-related disorders [261]
  • Naltrexone controlled-release (Vivitrex; Vivitrol; XL-NTX; XR-NTX; ALKS-6428) – opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders [262]
  • Naltrexone oral (Nalorex; Nemexin; Revia) – opioid receptor antagonist – alcoholism, opioid-related disorders [263]
  • Other opioids (opioid agonist therapy) (e.g., dihydrocodeinone, extended-release morphine) – μ-opioid receptor agonists – opioid use disorder
  • Tianeptine (Coaxil; Stablon; Tatinol) – μ-opioid receptor agonist, other actions – alcoholism [264]

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators

  • Bupropion (amfebutamone; Aplenzin; BVF-033; Elontril; Quomem; Wellbutrin; Zyban) – norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor negative allosteric modulator – smoking withdrawal [265]
  • Cytisinicline (cytisine; Desmoxan; Tabex) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [266]
  • Varenicline (Champix; Chantix; CP-526,555; CP-526555-18) – nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist – smoking withdrawal [267]

Other drugs

  • Acamprosate (Alcomed; Aotal; calcium acetylhomotaurinate; Campral; Campral EC; NS-11; Regtect; Sobriol; Zulex) – various actions – alcoholism [268]
  • Baclofen (Baclocur) – GABAB receptor agonist – alcoholism [269]
  • Calcium carbimide (Temposil) – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor – alcoholism
  • Cyanamide – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor – alcoholism
  • Disulfiram (Antabuse, Antabus) – aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor – alcoholism
  • Flumazenil (flumazepil; Anexate) – GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulator/benzodiazepine antidote – benzodiazepine overdose
  • Lofexidine (BA-168; BritLofex; Lucemyra; MDL-14042; MDL-14042A; RMI-14042A) – α2-adrenergic receptor agonist – opioid-related disorders [270]
  • Sodium oxybate (Alcover; SMO immediate release formulation) – GABAB and GHB receptor agonist – alcoholism [271]

Off-label drugs

See also

References

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  18. Bupropion/dextromethorphan - Axsome Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  19. Bupropion/naltrexone - Currax Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  20. C4X 3256 - AdisInsight
  21. Cannabidiol - ANANDA Scientific - AdisInsight
  22. Cannabidiol - GW Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  23. Centanafadine - Otsuka Pharmaceutical - AdisInsight
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  25. Cyproheptadine/Prazosin - Kinnov Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  26. Devextinetug - InterveXion Therapeutics - AdisInsight
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  28. Ibudilast - MediciNova - AdisInsight
  29. Liraglutide - Novo Nordisk - AdisInsight
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  32. Mebufotenin benzoate- Atai Beckley - AdisInsight
  33. Metyrapone/oxazepam - Embera - AdisInsight
  34. Methylenedioxymetamfetamine - MAPS Europe B.V. - AdisInsight
  35. Mifepristone - Corcept Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  36. Miricorilant - Corcept Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  37. Nadolol - Invion - AdisInsight
  38. Neboglamine - AdisInsight
  39. NNC0194 0499 - AdisInsight
  40. NS 2359 - AdisInsight
  41. OMS 405 - AdisInsight
  42. Pemvidutide - Altimmune - AdisInsight
  43. SYNP 101 - AdisInsight
  44. Selonabant - Anebulo Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  45. Sunobinop - Imbrium Therapeutics/Shionogi - AdisInsight
  46. Cocaine abuse vaccine TA-CD - AdisInsight
  47. TMP 301 - AdisInsight
  48. Zolunicant - Mindmed - AdisInsight
  49. Dexmedetomidine - BioXcel Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  50. Ibogaine - Atai Beckley/DemeRx - AdisInsight
  51. 5-Methoxy 2-aminoindane - Clearmind Medicine - AdisInsight
  52. PT 00114 - AdisInsight
  53. AZD 4041 - AdisInsight
  54. BI 1356225 - AdisInsight
  55. C4X 3256 - AdisInsight
  56. Cebranopadol - Tris Pharma - AdisInsight
  57. Dimethyltryptamin/harmine - Reconnect Labs - AdisInsight
  58. DPI 125 - AdisInsight
  59. Ibuprofen/ketotifen - Sen-Jam Pharmaceutical - AdisInsight
  60. Icalcaprant - Cerevel Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  61. KNX 100 - AdisInsight
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  65. MEB 1170 - AdisInsight
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  69. Naltrexone implantable pellets - BioCorRx - AdisInsight
  70. NRS 033 - AdisInsight
  71. OMS 527 - AdisInsight
  72. Psilocybin - MycoMedia Life Sciences - AdisInsight
  73. Smoking cessation therapeutics - Astraea Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  74. SXC 2023 - AdisInsight
  75. Tezampanel - Proniras - AdisInsight
  76. TMP 301 - AdisInsight
  77. AM 510 - Aion Medicines - AdisInsight
  78. ATI 1013 - AdisInsight
  79. CTRX 1001 - AdisInsight
  80. CTRX 2001 - AdisInsight
  81. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride - Tonix Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  82. Cyproheptadine/Prazosin - Kinnov Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  83. N N dimethyltryptamine - Entheon Biomedical - AdisInsight
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  86. GM 3009 - AdisInsight
  87. INDV 1000 - AdisInsight
  88. LPH 48 - AdisInsight
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  92. 5-Methoxy 2-aminoindane - Clearmind Medicine - AdisInsight
  93. Metyrapone/oxazepam - Embera - AdisInsight
  94. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine microneedle patch - PharmaTher/Revive Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  95. Naltrexone controlled-release - BioCorRx - AdisInsight
  96. Nicotine degrading enzyme - Antidote Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  97. PPL 138 - AdisInsight
  98. PSIL 001 - AdisInsight
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  110. LSR 2000 - AdisInsight
  111. MYCO 004 - AdisInsight
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  115. Research programme: monoclonal antibody therapeutics - CounterX Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  116. Research programme: psychedelic and empathogenic compounds subcutaneous - Bexson Biomedical - AdisInsight
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  119. Nicotine orally-dissolving film - NAL Pharma - AdisInsight
  120. AP 002 - AdisInsight
  121. AP 005 - AdisInsight
  122. Varenicline implant - Shenzhen ScienCare Pharmaceutical - AdisInsight
  123. AD 6626 - AdisInsight
  124. AM 6527 - AdisInsight
  125. Amitifadine - AdisInsight
  126. Arbaclofen extended release - RVL Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  127. BMB 101 - AdisInsight
  128. Bupropion/mecamylamine - Cary Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  129. Cannabidiol - Zynerba Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  130. CM 1212 - AdisInsight
  131. CPP 115 - AdisInsight
  132. CT 044 analogues - CERSCI Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  133. CX 717 - AdisInsight
  134. Cyproheptadine/Prazosin - Kinnov Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  135. DCR AUD - AdisInsight
  136. N N dimethyltryptamine - Entheon Biomedical - AdisInsight
  137. GLWL 01 - AdisInsight
  138. GSK 598809 - AdisInsight
  139. GSK 1521498 - AdisInsight
  140. GTS 21 - AdisInsight
  141. Icalcaprant - Cerevel Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  142. Levodopa - Acorda Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  143. Mazindol controlled release - NewcelX - AdisInsight
  144. Methylenedioxymetamfetamine - Mindmed - AdisInsight
  145. Mifepristone - Corcept Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  146. Modafinil oral - D&A Pharma - AdisInsight
  147. Naloxone nasal spray - Adapt Pharma/Opiant Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  148. Nalmefene implant - Titan Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  149. Naloxone gel - Mucodel - AdisInsight
  150. Nicotine abuse vaccine - Independent Pharmaceutica - AdisInsight
  151. CVSI 007 - AdisInsight
  152. Noribogaine derived therapeutic - MindMed/Nextage Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  153. OMS 405 - AdisInsight
  154. Ondansetron - ADial Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  155. Ondansetron/topiramate - AdisInsight
  156. Ondelopran - R-Pharm - AdisInsight
  157. PF 5402536 - AdisInsight
  158. Pomaglumetad methionil - Denovo Biopharma/Eli Lilly and Company - AdisInsight
  159. PPL 103 - AdisInsight
  160. Pregnenolone methyl ether - Mapreg - AdisInsight
  161. Psilocybin - Mydecine Innovations Group - AdisInsight
  162. PT 150 - AdisInsight
  163. Research programme: alcoholism therapeutics - ADial Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  164. Research programme: allosteric modulators - Addex Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  165. Research programme: GPCR modulators - Nxera Pharma - AdisInsight
  166. Research programme: nociceptin receptor agonists - Astraea Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  167. Research programme: smoking cessation therapies - Ophidion - AdisInsight
  168. Research programme: tryptamine based therapeutics - PsyBio Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  169. Saracatinib - AstraZeneca - AdisInsight
  170. SBP 9330 - AdisInsight
  171. SEL 068 - AdisInsight
  172. Serdexmethylphenidate - Zevra Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  173. TRV 734 - AdisInsight
  174. VDM 001 - AdisInsight
  175. Zolunicant - Mindmed - AdisInsight
  176. Dexmedetomidine - BioXcel Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  177. Tetrodotoxin - Dogwood therapeutics - AdisInsight
  178. ABT 436 - AdisInsight
  179. Adrogolide - AdisInsight
  180. ADX 629 - AdisInsight
  181. ADX 10061 - AdisInsight
  182. Anatabine - AdisInsight
  183. ANS 6637 - AdisInsight
  184. Arbaclofen placarbil - Indivior - AdisInsight
  185. ASP 8062 - AdisInsight
  186. Aticaprant - Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine - AdisInsight
  187. Azasetron - AdisInsight
  188. AZD 4041 - AdisInsight
  189. Baclofen/samidorphan - AdisInsight
  190. Befloxatone - AdisInsight
  191. BP 897 - AdisInsight
  192. BR 9003 - AdisInsight
  193. BTRX 246040 - AdisInsight
  194. Buprenorphine/naloxone - National Resilience - AdisInsight
  195. Buprenorphine/samidorphan - Alkermes - AdisInsight
  196. Synthetic cannabidiol - Benuvia Therapeutics/Radius Health - AdisInsight
  197. CVL 936 - AdisInsight
  198. CX 1739 - AdisInsight
  199. CYB 003 - AdisInsight
  200. CYB 004 - AdisInsight
  201. Dianicline - AdisInsight
  202. Drinabant - Opiant Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  203. Ecopipam - Emalex Biosciences - AdisInsight
  204. Eglumetad - AdisInsight
  205. Elinzanetant - Bayer - AdisInsight
  206. Femoxetine - AdisInsight
  207. Gabapentin enacarbil - Arbor Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  208. Gepirone - Fabre-Kramer Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  209. Istradefylline - Kyowa Kirin - AdisInsight
  210. ITI 333 - AdisInsight
  211. JNJ 39393406 - AdisInsight
  212. JZP 150 - AdisInsight
  213. Lisdexamfetamine - Shionogi/Takeda - AdisInsight
  214. Lorcaserin - Eisai Inc - AdisInsight
  215. Manifaxine - AdisInsight
  216. Mavoglurant - STALICLA - AdisInsight
  217. Nalmefene oral - Lundbeck A/S - AdisInsight
  218. Nepicastat oral- Asieris Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  219. Neramexane - Merz Pharma - AdisInsight
  220. NIC 002 - AdisInsight
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  223. Nornicotine - AdisInsight
  224. NS 2359 - AdisInsight
  225. NYX 783 - AdisInsight
  226. OREX 1019 - AdisInsight
  227. OREX 1038 - AdisInsight
  228. Oxytocin intranasal - Vyera Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  229. Rimonabant - AdisInsight
  230. RTI 113 - AdisInsight
  231. Samidorphan - AdisInsight
  232. Sembragiline - AdisInsight
  233. Serlopitant - VYNE Therapeutics - AdisInsight
  234. Surinabant - AdisInsight
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  249. Buprenorphine extended-release - Indivior - AdisInsight
  250. Buprenorphine/naloxone sublingual - Indivior - AdisInsight
  251. Methadone - Recordati - AdisInsight
  252. Nalmefene oral - Lundbeck A/S - AdisInsight
  253. Nalmefene nasal spray - Indivior - AdisInsight
  254. Naloxone injection - kaleo - AdisInsight
  255. Naloxone hydrocloride intranasal spray - Kindeva Drug Delivery - AdisInsight
  256. Naloxone intranasal spray - Hikma Pharmaceuticals - AdisInsight
  257. Naloxone multidose nasal spray - Emergent BioSolutions - AdisInsight
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