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Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to the south; Zambia to the southwest; and Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain, is in northeastern Tanzania. According to the 2022 national census, Tanzania has a population of nearly 62 million, making it the most populous country located entirely south of the equator.
Demographic features of the population of Tanzania include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.
Zanzibar is an insular semi-autonomous province which united with Tanganyika in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania. It is an archipelago in the Indian Ocean, 25–50 km (16–31 mi) off the coast of the African mainland, and consists of many small islands and two large ones: Unguja and Pemba Island. The capital is Zanzibar City, located on the island of Unguja. Its historic centre, Stone Town, is a World Heritage Site.
The Swahili people comprise mainly Bantu, Afro-Arab and Comorian ethnic groups inhabiting the Swahili coast, an area encompassing the Zanzibar archipelago and mainland Tanzania's seaboard, littoral Kenya, northern Mozambique, the Comoros Islands and Northwest Madagascar.
The Zaramo people, also referred to as Dzalamo or Saramo, are a Bantu ethnic group native to the central eastern coast of Tanzania, particularly Dar es Salaam Region and Pwani Region. They are the largest ethnic group in and around Dar es Salaam, the former capital of Tanzania and the 7th largest city in Africa. Estimated to be about 0.7 million people, over 98% of them are Muslims, more specifically the Shafi'i school of Sunni Islam. Zaramo people are considered influential in Tanzania popular culture with musical genres like Sengeli originating from their commonity in Kinondoni District. Their culture and history have been shaped by their dwelling in both urban and rural landscapes.
Morogoro Region is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of 70,624 km2 (27,268 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Ireland. Morogoro Region is bordered to the north by the Manyara Region and Tanga Region, to the east by the Pwani and Lindi Regions, to the south by the Ruvuma Region and to the west by the Iringa Njombe and Dodoma Regions. The regional capital is the municipality of Morogoro. According to the 2012 national census, the region had a population of 2,218,492.
Gogo is a Bantu language spoken by the Gogo people of Dodoma Region in Tanzania. The language is spoken throughout Dodoma Region and into the neighbouring district of Manyoni.
The Kami are an ethnic and linguistic group in Morogoro Region, Tanzania. In 2000 the Kami population was estimated to be 16,411. Most of the Kami are Muslim.
The Vidunda are a matrilineal Bantu ethnolinguistic group based in Kilosa District of Morogoro Region, Tanzania. The Vidunda live in south of Mikumi and north of the Great Ruaha River, including in the Uvidunda Mountains. The Vidunda population was estimated to number 90,000. The Vidunda practice Christianity or Islam.
The Sagara are an ethnic and linguistic group based in Kilosa District of Morogoro Region, southern Dodoma Region, and parts of Iringa Region in Tanzania. In 1987 the Sagara population was estimated to number 79,000. Most of the Sagara are Muslim.
The Kutu are a matrilineal ethnic and linguistic group based in the Morogoro Region of central Tanzania. In 1987, the Kutu population was estimated to number 45,000. Most Kutu are Muslim. A mosque and a Quranic school can typically be found in most Kutu villages.
Jiji people also known as Bajiji are a Bantu ethnic and linguistic group based in Kigoma Region, Tanzania. If tribes are classified by language and not by race, Bajiji are part of Baha since their language is the same. Traditionally they were organized into a separate kingdom, Bujiji, and formed part of Buha with other kingdoms: Heru, Bushingo (Ushingo), Ruguru (Luguru), Muhambwe and Buyungu, all of them in Kigoma Region, Tanzania.
Tanzania is a Christian majority nation, with Islam being the largest minority faith in the country. According to a 2020 estimate by Pew research center, Muslims represent 34.1% of the total population. The faith was introduced by merchants visiting the Swahili coast, as it became connected to a larger maritime trade network dominated by Muslims. This would lead to local conversions and assimilations of foreign Muslims, ultimately causing the eventual formation of several officially Muslim political entities in the region. However, according to the Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA), 55.3% of the population is Christian, 31.5% is Muslim, 11.3% practices traditional faiths, while 1.9% of the population is non-religious or adheres to other faiths as of 2020. The ARDA estimates that most Tanzanian Muslims are Sunni, with a small Shia minority, as of 2020.
The Uluguru mountains are a mountain range in eastern Tanzania, named after the Luguru tribe. The main portion of the Uluguru mountains is a ridge running roughly north-south and rising to 2,630 metres (8,600 ft) altitude at its highest point. On the main Uluguru range, 50 villages touch the forest boundary and over 151,000 people are found within the mountain area, often at increasing densities at higher altitudes up to the forest boundary.
Christianity is the largest religion in Tanzania, with a substantial Muslim minority. Smaller populations of Animists, practitioners of other faiths, and religiously unaffiliated people are also present.
Christianity is the most widely professed religion in Tanzania, but in the island of Zanzibar most of the population is Muslim.
The Northeast Coast Bantu languages are the Bantu languages spoken along the coast of Tanzania and Kenya, and including inland Tanzania as far as Dodoma. In Guthrie's geographic classification, they fall within Bantu zones G and E.
Luguru is a Bantu language spoken by the Luguru people of the Morogoro region and the Pwani region of Tanzania. The name is also spelled Lughuru, Lugulu, Ruguru. It is closely related to Gogo and Zaramo, but is not intelligible with other languages.
Zaramo is a Niger-Congo language, formerly primary language of the Zaramo people of eastern Tanzania. Zaramo is also known as Zalamo, Kizaramo, Dzalamo, Zaramu, Saramo and, Myagatwa. The language is critically endangered. The ethnic population of the Zaramo people reaches about 200,000, yet there are only a few elderly speakers remaining.
Morogoro Urban District is one of the six districts of the Morogoro Region of Tanzania. It contains the city Morogoro, capital of the Morogoro Region, and no villages. Morogoro Urban District covers 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi). It is bordered to the east and south by the Morogoro Rural District and to the north and west by Mvomero District
References
- ↑ "Tanzania".
- ↑ Weekes, Richard V. (1984-12-21). Muslim Peoples [2 Volumes]: A World Ethnographic Survey. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-313-23392-0.
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