Margaret O'Brien

Last updated

Margaret O'Brien
Margaret Obrien in Towson.jpg
O'Brien in 2002
Born
Angela Maxine O'Brien

(1937-01-15) January 15, 1937 (age 87)
OccupationActress
Years active1941–present
Known for Meet Me in St. Louis
Spouses
Harold Allen Jr.
(m. 1959;div. 1968)
Roy Thorvald Thorsen
(m. 1974;died 2018)
Children1

Angela Maxine O'Brien (born January 15, 1937) [1] is an American actress. Beginning a prolific career in feature films for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer at age four, O'Brien became one of the most popular child stars in cinema history and was honored with a Juvenile Academy Award as the outstanding child actress of 1944. In her later career, she has appeared on television, on stage, and in supporting film roles.

Contents

Early life and career

Margaret O'Brien was born Angela Maxine O'Brien. O'Brien's mother, Gladys Flores (1895–1958), was a flamenco dancer who often performed with her sister Marissa, who was also a dancer. O'Brien is of half-Irish and half-Spanish ancestry. She was raised Catholic. [2]

Film

Journey-for-Margaret-LIFE-1944.jpg
Margaret O'Brien in Journey for Margaret (1942)
Jane-Eyre-1943-2.jpg
Orson Welles, Margaret O'Brien and Joan Fontaine in Jane Eyre (1943)
Meet Me In St Louis Judy Garland Margaret O'Brien 1944.jpg
Margaret O'Brien and Judy Garland in Meet Me in St. Louis (1944)

O'Brien made her first film appearance in Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's Babes on Broadway (1941) at the age of four, but it was the following year that her first major role brought her widespread attention. As a five-year-old in Journey for Margaret (1942), O'Brien won wide praise for her quite convincing acting style, unusual for a child of her age. By 1943, she was considered a big enough star to have a cameo appearance in the all-star military show finale of Thousands Cheer . Also in 1943, at the age of seven, Margaret co-starred in "You, John Jones," a "War Bond/Effort," short film, with James Cagney and Ann Sothern (playing their daughter), in which she dramatically recited President Lincoln's "Gettysburg Address." She played Adèle, a young French girl, and spoke and sang all her dialogue with a French accent in Jane Eyre (1943).

Arguably her most memorable role was in Meet Me in St. Louis (1944), opposite Judy Garland [ citation needed ] . For her performance in this film as the younger sister "Tootie", she was awarded a special juvenile Oscar in 1944 [ citation needed ].

Margaret and June Allyson were known as "The Town Criers" of MGM. "We were always in competition: I wanted to cry better than June, and June wanted to cry better than me. The way my mother got me to cry was if I was having trouble with a scene, she'd say, 'why don't we have the make-up man come over and give you false tears?' Then I'd think to myself, 'they'll say I'm not as good as June,' and I'd start to cry." [3]

O'Brien‘s other successes included The Canterville Ghost (1944), Our Vines Have Tender Grapes (1945), Bad Bascomb (1946) with Wallace Beery, and the first sound version of The Secret Garden (1949). She played Beth in the 1949 MGM release of Little Women , but she was unable to make the transition to adult roles.

O'Brien later shed her child star image, appearing on a 1958 cover of Life magazine with the caption "How the Girl's Grown", [4] and was a mystery guest on the TV panel show What's My Line? . [5] O'Brien's acting appearances as an adult have been sporadic, mostly in small independent films and occasional television roles. She has also given interviews, mostly for the Turner Classic Movies cable network.

Television

O'Brien gave credit to television for helping her reform and modify her public image. In an interview in 1957, when she was 20, she said: "The wonderful thing about TV is that it has given me a chance to get out of the awkward age — something the movies couldn't do for me. No movie producer could really afford to take a chance at handing me an adult role." [6]

On November 20, 1950, O'Brien co-starred with Cecil Parker in "The Canterville Ghost", on Robert Montgomery Presents on TV. [7] She appeared as the mystery guest on "What's My Line" November 24, 1957. On December 22, 1957, O'Brien starred in "The Young Years" on General Electric Theater . [8] She played the role of Betsy Stauffer, a small-town nurse, in "The Incident of the Town in Terror" on television's Rawhide. She appeared in S1 E39 "The Sacramento Story" of Wagon Train in 1958, playing Julie Revere, courted by Robert Horton's Flint McCullough. She made a guest appearance on a 1963 episode of Perry Mason as Virginia Trent in "The Case of the Shoplifter's Shoe." In 1967, she made a guest appearance on the World War II TV drama Combat! . Also, in a 1968 two-part episode of Ironside ("Split Second to an Epitaph") O'Brien played a pharmacist who (quite the opposite of her usual screen persona) was involved in drug theft and was accessory to attempted murder of star Raymond Burr's Ironside. Another rare television outing was as a guest star on the popular Marcus Welby, M.D. in the early 1970s, reuniting O'Brien with her Journey for Margaret and The Canterville Ghost co-star Robert Young.

In 1991, O'Brien appeared in Murder, She Wrote , season 7, episode "Who Killed J.B. Fletcher?", reuniting O'Brien with her Tenth Avenue Angel co-star Angela Lansbury.

Academy Award

O'Brien in Eiga no Tomo ("Film Friend" magazine; November 1952) Eiganotomo-margaretobrien-nov1952.jpg
O'Brien in Eiga no Tomo ("Film Friend" magazine; November 1952)

While O'Brien was growing up, her awards were always kept in a special room. One day in 1954, the family's maid asked to take O'Brien's Juvenile Oscar and two other awards home with her to polish, as she had done in the past. [9] After three days, the maid failed to return to work, prompting O'Brien's mother to discharge her, requesting that the awards be returned. [10] Not long after, O'Brien's mother, who had been sick with a heart condition, suffered a relapse and died. [9] In mourning, 17-year-old O'Brien forgot about the maid and the Oscar until several months later when she tried to contact her, only to find that the maid had moved and had left no forwarding address. [9] [10]

Several years later, upon learning that the original had been stolen, the Academy promptly supplied O'Brien with a replacement Oscar, but O'Brien still held on to hope that she might one day recover her original Award. [9] [10] In the years that followed, O'Brien attended memorabilia shows and searched antique shops, hoping she might find the original statuette, until one day in 1995 when Bruce Davis, then executive director of the Academy, was alerted that a miniature statuette bearing O'Brien's name had surfaced in a catalogue for an upcoming memorabilia auction. [9] Davis contacted a mutual friend of his and O'Brien's, who in turn phoned O'Brien to tell her the long-lost Oscar had been found. [9] [10]

O'Brien in 2013 Margaret-O'Brien 2013-11-15.jpg
O'Brien in 2013

Memorabilia collectors Steve Neimand and Mark Nash were attending a flea market in 1995 when Neimand spotted a small Oscar with Margaret O'Brien's name inscribed upon it. [11] The two men decided to split the $500 asking price hoping to resell it at a profit and lent it to a photographer to shoot for an upcoming auction catalogue. [9] This led to Bruce Davis' discovery that the statuette had resurfaced and, upon learning of the award's history, Nash and Neimand agreed to return the Oscar to O'Brien. [9] On February 7, 1995, nearly 50 years after she had first received it, and nearly 40 years since it had been stolen, the Academy held a special ceremony in Beverly Hills to return the stolen award to O'Brien. [9] [11] Upon being reunited with her Juvenile Oscar, Margaret O'Brien spoke to the attending journalists:

For all those people who have lost or misplaced something that was dear to them, as I have, never give up the dream of searching—never let go of the hope that you'll find it because after all these many years, at last, my Oscar has been returned to me. [12]

Additional honors

In February 1960, O'Brien was honored with two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, one for motion pictures at 6606 Hollywood Boulevard, and one for television at 1634 Vine St. [13] In 1990, O'Brien was honored by the Young Artist Foundation with its Former Child Star "Lifetime Achievement" Award recognizing her outstanding achievements within the film industry as a child actress. [14] In 2006, she was presented with a Lifetime Achievement Award by the SunDeis Film Festival at Brandeis University.

Personal life

O'Brien was married to Harold Allen Jr. from August 9, 1959 until their divorce in 1968. [15] [16] She was married to steel-industry executive Roy Thorvald Thorsen [17] from June 6, 1974 until his death. [18] Their daughter, Mara Tolene Thorsen, was born in 1977. [18] [19]

Filmography

YearFilmRoleOther notes
1941 Babes on Broadway Maxine, Little Girl at AuditionUncredited
1942 Journey for Margaret Margaret White
1943 You, John Jones! Their daughterShort film
Dr. Gillespie's Criminal Case Margaret
Thousands Cheer Customer in Red Skelton Skit
Madame Curie Irene Curie (at age 5)
Lost Angel Alpha
1944 Jane Eyre Adèle Varens
The Canterville Ghost Lady Jessica de Canterville
Meet Me in St. Louis 'Tootie' Smith Academy Juvenile Award
Music for Millions Mike
1945 Our Vines Have Tender Grapes Selma Jacobson
1946 Bad Bascomb Emmy
Three Wise Fools Sheila O'Monahan
1947 The Unfinished Dance 'Meg' Merlin
1948 Big City Midge
Tenth Avenue Angel Flavia Mills
1949 Little Women Beth March
The Secret Garden Mary Lennox
1951 Her First Romance Betty Foster
1952 Futari no hitomi Katherine McDermottU.S. title: Girls Hand in Hand
1956 Glory Clarabel Tilbee
1957 What's My Line? Mystery GuestSeason 8, aired Nov. 24, 1957
1958 Little Women Beth March CBS musical TV movie
1958 Wagon Train Julie Revere"The Sacramento Story"; Season 1, Ep. 39, aired June 25, 1958
1960 Heller in Pink Tights Della Southby
1960 New Comedy Showcase Maggie Bradley"Maggie"; Season 1, Ep. 5, aired Aug. 29, 1960
1962 Dr. Kildare Nurse Lori Palmer"The Dragon"; Season 1, Ep. 20, aired Feb. 15, 1962
1963 Perry Mason Virginia Trent"The Case of the Shoplifter's Shoe"; Season 6, Ep. 13, aired Jan. 3, 1963
1965Agente S 3 S operazione Uranio
1967 Combat! Marianne Fraisnet"Entombed" Season 5, Ep. 16, aired Jan. 3, 1967
1970 Adam-12 Mrs. Pendleton"Log 85: Sign of the Twins"; Season 3, Episode 12, aired Dec. 26, 1970
1974Annabelle Lee
Diabolique WeddingAKA Diabolic Wedding
That's Entertainment! Herself and archive footage
1977Testimony of Two MenFlora EatonTelevision miniseries
1981 Amy Hazel JohnsonAKA Amy on the Lips
1991 Murder, She Wrote FlorenceEpisode: "Who Killed J.B. Fletcher?"
1996Sunset After Dark
1998Creaturealm: From the DeadHerselfSegment: Hollywood Mortuary
2000Child Stars: Their StoryHerselfAKA Child Stars
2002Dead SeasonFriendly Looking Lady
2004 The Mystery of Natalie Wood Herself
2005 Boxes HerselfShort film
2006StoreHerself
2009Dead in LoveCris
2009–2011Project Lodestar SagasLivia Wells
2010Frankenstein Rising
2010Elf Sparkle and the Special Red DressMrs. Claus (voice)
2017Dr. Jekyll and Mr. HydeMs. Stevenson
2017 Halloween Pussy Trap Kill! Kill! Bridgette's Grandmother
2018Prepper's GroveGigi
2018This Is Our ChristmasMrs. Foxworth
2018Impact EventAmanda

Selected radio credits

YearProgramEpisodeAirdateWriter (original story)Character RoleNotesmp3
1943 [20] The Screen Guild Theater [20] "Journey for Margaret" [20] [21] 5 April 1943 [20] William Lindsay White Margaret Davis (girl) The Lady Esther Presents The Screen Guild Players. [20] Related movie: Journey for Margaret . mp3
1947 [22] Philco Radio Time [22] (with Bing Crosby) [22] 28 May 1947 [22] self (as guest) [22] mp3
1948 Lux Radio Theatre "Bad Bascomb"1 March 1948Emmy (girl) Western radio drama involving a Mormon emigrant wagon train. Related movie: Bad Bascomb . mp3
1948 [22] Philco Radio Time [22] [23] (with Bing Crosby) [22] "St. Patrick's Day Program" [21] 17 March 1948 [22] [23] self (as guest) [22] [23] Saint Patrick's Day special. mp3
1948 [24] [25] Suspense [24] [25] [26] "The Screaming Woman" [24] [25] [26] 25 November 1948 [24] [25] Ray Bradbury [25] [26] Margaret Leary (girl) Thanksgiving themed radio drama.
Agnes Moorehead [24] as the screaming woman. [25]
Considered one of the best episodes of Suspense and old-time radio overall. [25]
mp3
1949 The MGM Theater of the Air "The Youngest Profession"25 November 1949Ira Marion (adaption to radio)Joan LyonsClassical tale of the teenagers, the autograph hounds, who also get their names.
1950 Lux Radio Theatre "Little Women"13 March 1950Beth MarchThe familiar story about four sisters growing up during the Civil War.
1950 The Big Show (NBC Radio) 31 December 1950self (as guest)Performs scene from Romeo and Juliet with Jose Ferrer

Accolades

YearAwardHonorResultRef.

1945

Academy Award Juvenile Award for Outstanding Child Actress of 1944 Honored [27]

1960

Hollywood Walk of Fame Star of Motion Pictures – 6606 Hollywood Blvd. Inducted [13]
Star of Television – 1634 Vine Street. Inducted

1990

Young Artist Award Former Child Star Lifetime Achievement Award Honored [14]

Box office ranking

For a time O'Brien was voted by exhibitors as among the most popular stars in the country.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rosemary Clooney</span> American singer and actress (1928–2002)

Rose Mary Clooney was an American singer and actress. She came to prominence in the early 1950s with the song "Come On-a My House", which was followed by other pop numbers such as "Botch-a-Me", "Mambo Italiano", "Tenderly", "Half as Much", "Hey There", "This Ole House", and "Sway". She also had success as a jazz vocalist. Clooney's career languished in the 1960s, partly because of problems related to depression and drug addiction, but revived in 1977, when her White Christmas co-star Bing Crosby asked her to appear with him at a show marking his 50th anniversary in show business. She continued recording until her death in 2002.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Academy Juvenile Award</span> Special Honorary Academy Award for performers under the age of 18

The Academy Juvenile Award, also known informally as the Juvenile Oscar, was a Special Honorary Academy Award bestowed at the discretion of the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to specifically recognize juvenile performers under the age of eighteen for their "outstanding contribution[s] to screen entertainment".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jane Wyman</span> American actress (1917–2007)

Jane Wyman was an American actress. A star of both movies and television, she received an Academy Award for Best Actress (1948), four Golden Globe Awards and nominations for two Primetime Emmy Awards. In 1960 she received stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for both motion pictures and television. She was the first wife of President Ronald Reagan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shelley Winters</span> American actress (1920–2006)

Shelley Winters was an American film actress whose career spanned seven decades. She won Academy Awards for The Diary of Anne Frank (1959) and A Patch of Blue (1965), and received nominations for A Place in the Sun (1951) and The Poseidon Adventure (1972). She also appeared in A Double Life (1947), The Night of the Hunter (1955), Lolita (1962), Alfie (1966), Next Stop, Greenwich Village (1976), and Pete's Dragon (1977). She also acted on television, including a tenure on the sitcom Roseanne, and wrote three autobiographies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alice Brady</span> American actress (1892–1939)

Alice Brady was an American actress of stage and film. She began her career in the theatre in 1911, and her first important success came on Broadway in 1912 when she created the role of Meg March in the original production of Marian de Forest's Little Women. As a screen actress she first appeared in silent films and was one of the few actresses to survive the transition into talkies. She worked until six months before her death from cancer in 1939. Her films include My Man Godfrey (1936), in which she plays the flighty mother of Carole Lombard's character, and In Old Chicago (1937) for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olympia Dukakis</span> American actress (1931–2021)

Olympia Dukakis was an American actress. She performed in more than 130 stage productions, in some 60 films, and in approximately 50 television series. Best known as a screen actress, she started her career in theater. Not long after her arrival in New York City, she won an Obie Award for Best Actress in 1963 for her off-Broadway performance in Bertolt Brecht's Man Equals Man.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Natalie Schafer</span> American actress (1900–1991)

Natalie Schafer was an American actress, best known today for her role as Lovey Howell on the sitcom Gilligan's Island (1964–1967).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patty Duke</span> American actress (1946–2016)

Anna Marie "Patty" Duke was an American actress. Over the course of her acting career, she was the recipient of an Academy Award, two Golden Globe Awards, three Primetime Emmy Awards, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Celeste Holm</span> American stage, film and television actress (1917–2012)

Celeste Holm was an American stage, film and television actress.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peggy Ann Garner</span> American child actress (1932–1984)

Peggy Ann Garner was an American child actress.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Martha Raye</span> American comic actress and singer (1916–1994)

Martha Raye, nicknamed The Big Mouth, was an American comic actress and singer who performed in movies, and later on television. She also acted in plays, including on Broadway. She was honored in 1969 at the Academy Awards as the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award recipient for her volunteer efforts and services to the troops.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Melissa Leo</span> American actress (born 1960)

Melissa Chessington Leo is an American actress. She is the recipient of several accolades, including an Academy Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, and two Critics' Choice Awards.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patty McCormack</span> American actress (born 1945)

Patricia McCormack is an American actress with a career in theater, films, and television.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ruth Roman</span> American actress (1922–1999)

Ruth Roman was an American actress of film, stage, and television.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Canterville Ghost</span> 1887 short story by Oscar Wilde

"The Canterville Ghost" is a humorous short story by Oscar Wilde. It was the first of Wilde's stories to be published, appearing in two parts in The Court and Society Review, 23 February and 2 March 1887. The story is about an American family who moved to a castle haunted by the ghost of a dead English nobleman, who killed his wife and was then walled in and starved to death by his wife's brothers. It has been adapted for the stage and screen several times.

Dinah Manoff is an American stage, film, and television actress and television director. She is best known for her roles as Carol Weston on Empty Nest, Elaine Lefkowitz on Soap, Marty Maraschino in the film Grease, and Libby Tucker in both the stage and film adaptations of I Ought to Be in Pictures, for which she won a Tony Award.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nina Foch</span> American actress (1924–2008)

Nina Foch was an American actress who later became an instructor. Her career spanned 6 decades, consisting of over 50 feature films and over 100 television credits. She was the recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress, and a National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress. Foch established herself as a dramatic actress in the late 1940s, often playing cool, aloof sophisticates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mara Corday</span> American actress

Mara Corday is an American retired showgirl, model, actress, Playboy Playmate and 1950s cult figure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ana Ortiz</span> American actress and singer (born 1971)

Ana Ortiz is an American actress and singer. Having pursued a career in ballet and singing from a young age, she eventually attended University of the Arts. Ortiz began her acting career in theatre, in early 2000s starred in the short-lived NBC sitcoms Kristin (2001) and A.U.S.A. (2003), and had recurring roles on Over There and Boston Legal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lurene Tuttle</span> American actress and acting coach (1907–1986)

Lurene Tuttle was an American actress and acting coach, who made the transition from vaudeville to radio, and later to films and television. Her most enduring impact was as one of network radio's more versatile actresses. Often appearing in 15 shows per week, comedies, dramas, thrillers, soap operas, and crime dramas, she became known as the "First Lady of Radio".

References

  1. "UPI Almanac for Friday, Jan. 15, 2021". United Press International . January 15, 2021. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2021. … actor Margaret O'Brien in 1937 (age 84)…
  2. LIFE. 26 February 1945 ISSN. 0024-3019
  3. "Margaret O'Brien". www.tcm.com.
  4. Life magazine, May 19, 1958.
  5. "What's My Line? - Margaret O' Brien; Peter Ustinov [panel] (Nov 24, 1957)". January 24, 2014. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021 via www.youtube.com.
  6. Ewald, William (December 5, 1957). "TV Gives Margaret O'Brien Chance To Get Out Of The Awkward Age" . The Bristol Daily Courier. p. 38. Retrieved April 14, 2015 via Newspapers.com.
  7. "Television . . . . . . Highlights of the Week". Detroit Free Press. November 19, 1950. p. 22. Retrieved April 13, 2021 via Newspapers.com.
  8. "Margaret O'Brien In GE Drama" . The Sandusky Register. December 12, 1957. p. 46. Retrieved April 14, 2015 via Newspapers.com.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Zamichow, Nora (March 7, 1995). "Fairy Tale End for Stolen Oscar". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  10. 1 2 3 4 "An Interview with Margaret O'Brien". Hollywoodland. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  11. 1 2 "Actress Gets Stolen Oscar Back". SFGate.com. June 23, 2011. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  12. "Margaret O'Brien's Stolen Oscar". Hollywoodland. Archived from the original on July 29, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
  13. 1 2 "Margaret O'Brien – Hollywood Walk of Fame". WalkofFame.com. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
  14. 1 2 "11th Youth in Film Awards". YoungArtistAwards.org. Archived from the original on April 9, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
  15. "Margaret O'Brien Wed on Coast". The New York Times . Associated Press. August 9, 1959. p. 75. Retrieved March 19, 2021. ...was married today to Harold Robert Allen Jr. ... a commercial art student...(subscription required)
  16. Houseman, Victoria (1991). Made in Heaven: The Marriages and Children of Hollywood Stars. Los Angeles, California: Bonus Books. p. 234. ISBN   978-0929387246. Allen divorced her in 1968, saying that she preferred her career to...
  17. "WP Roy Thorsen". www.west-point.org. Retrieved January 24, 2024.
  18. 1 2 Ellenberger, Allan R. (2000). Margaret O'Brien: A Career Chronicle and Biography. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland Publishing. p. 39. ISBN   978-0786408856. On June 6, 1974, O'Brien married Scandinavian steel executive Roy Thorvald Thorsen.... In 1976, Margaret announced that she was expecting her first child, a daughter that she named Mara Tolene.
  19. Photo caption in "News Makers". San Antonio Express . Texas. Associated Press. December 20, 1976 via Newspapers.com. Five-month-old Mara Tolene Thorsen is held by her mother, one-time child actress Margaret O'Brien, after Mara's christening...(subscription required)
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 "The Definitive Screen Guild Radio Programs Log with Jean Hersholt". www.digitaldeliftp.com.
  21. 1 2 "Those Were the Days". Nostalgia Digest. 39 (1): 32–41. Winter 2013.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "The Definitive Philco Radio Time Radio Log with Bing Crosby and Ken Carpenter". www.digitaldeliftp.com.
  23. 1 2 3 "Philco Radio Time 1947-48 -- Bing Crosby Internet Museum -- www.stevenlewis.info". stevenlewis.info.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 "Frank M. Passage log: Suspense".
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Old Time Radio Review: Suspense - episode review of "The Screaming Woman"
  26. 1 2 3 OTR Plot Spot: Suspense - plot summaries and reviews.
  27. "17th Academy Awards". Oscars.org. Retrieved March 31, 2011.
  28. "Crosby Again Leads in Film Box Offices". The New York Times , 27 Dec 1946: 13.
  29. "Bing's Lucky Number: Pa Crosby Dons 4th B.O. Crown" By Richard L. Coe. The Washington Post (1923–1954) [Washington, D.C.] 3 Jan 1948: 12.

Bibliography