Margaret Booth

For other people named Margaret Booth, see Margaret Booth (disambiguation).

Margaret Booth
Born	(1898-01-16)January 16, 1898 Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Died	October 28, 2002(2002-10-28) (aged 104) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Education	Los Angeles High School
Occupation(s)	Film editor, producer
Years active	1915–1985
Relatives	Elmer Booth (brother)

Margaret Booth (January 16, 1898 – October 28, 2002) was an American film editor. In a career lasting seven decades, Booth was most associated with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM).

Born in Los Angeles, Margaret was the younger sister of actor Elmer Booth, who starred in several films for D. W. Griffith. Elmer was killed in a train accident, and Griffith later employed Margaret as a negative cutter. Booth worked with Griffith's studio for several years. She later joined Louis B. Mayer's namesake studio, where she was mentored by film director John M. Stahl. In 1924, Mayer merged his studio with Metro Pictures and Goldwyn Pictures to form Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Stahl and Booth joined MGM, where she edited several of his films. Stahl later left MGM, while Booth stayed. She was named the studio's first official film editor by Irving Thalberg, MGM's then-production head. In 1935, Booth received an Academy Award nomination for Best Film Editing on Mutiny on the Bounty .

After Thalberg's death, Mayer appointed Booth as the studio's supervising film editor, a position she held for nearly three decades. In 1968, Booth retired from MGM, and was hired by Ray Stark as a supervising film editor for his studio Rastar Productions. In 1977, Booth was awarded an Academy Honorary Award for her decades-long contributions as a film editor. She received her last credit as an executive producer for The Slugger's Wife (1985). Booth became a centennial in 1998, and died in 2002 at the age of 104.

Early life

Margaret Booth was born on January 16, 1898, in Los Angeles to Edward J. Booth, Sr. and Margaret A. Boland. ^[1] Her older brother was Elmer Booth, who was an actor for D. W. Griffith and the breadwinner for the family. On June 16, 1915, Elmer was riding with actor George Siegmann in a car driven by Tod Browning. Due to the heavy fog that day, Browning did not see the rear lamp of an oncoming train. Browning's car was hit by a train of the Salt Lake Railroad, killing Elmer instantly. Browning and Siegmann however survived but suffered serious injuries. ^[2] At Elmer's funeral, Griffith delivered an eulogy and approached Margaret with a job offer as a film joiner (also known as a negative cutter) to provide income for the family. ^[3] Margaret never forgave Browning for her brother's death. ^[4]

Career

1915–1921: Editing for D. W. Griffith

By 1915, Booth had graduated from Los Angeles High School. Griffith hired Booth on a salary for ten dollars a week as one of several female editors for his studio. ^[5] Booth remembered years later, "...in the old days we had to cut negative by eye. We matched the print to the negative without any edge numbers. We had to match the action. Sometimes there'd be a tiny pinpoint on the negative, and then you knew you were right, but it was very tedious work." ^{[6] [7]} One of the films she worked on was Orphans of the Storm (1921) starring Lillian Gish. After a few months, Booth worked for Paramount Pictures' editing department, assembling the tinted sections for release prints. ^[6]

1921–1938: Editing at MGM

In 1921, Booth began working for Louis B. Mayer at his namesake film production studio. ^[8] Mayer had hired John M. Stahl when Edward Small, who was Stahl's publicity agent, inquired why there were no hired Jewish directors. ^[9] Inside the editing room, Booth observed Stahl, and because he was a perfectionist, Stahl would shoot multiple takes of several scenes and leave outtake footage literally on the cutting room floor. At the end of the day, Booth assembled the outtakes and stayed overnight to practice her cutting techniques. One day, Stahl was frustrated when he couldn't make a scene work. After he left, Booth took her own approach; when Stahl screened her work, he was impressed and hired her immediately as his editorial assistant. ^[7] For Stahl, she edited The Gay Deceiver (1926), Lovers? (1927), and In Old Kentucky (1927). ^[10]

Stahl personally mentored Booth on the craft of film editing, explaining the exact purpose for his editing decisions. Booth reflected, "He taught the value of a scene. When a scene drops or doesn't drop, and when it sustains. You have to feel this, intrusively, in your work." ^[5] In 1924, Mayer merged with Metro Pictures and Goldwyn Pictures to form a new conglomerate film production studio known as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Stahl stayed with MGM for several years, ^[11] but when he left the studio in 1927, he asked Booth to join him but she declined. Booth stated, "I went on to working at M-G-M, mostly with [Irving] Thalberg—the greatest man who was ever in pictures. M-G-M was like home to me." ^[12] Her editing skills were appreciated by Thalberg, MGM's head of production, that he asked her if she would consider directing. However, she was not interested. ^[5] Regardless, according to film historian Cari Beauchamp, Thalberg was the first known person to call cutters "film editors," starting with Booth. ^[13] Her first official editing credit was for the 1929 part-talkie film The Bridge of San Luis Rey . ^{[14] [15]}

At MGM, Booth edited several films starring Greta Garbo, including Camille (1936). She also edited Wise Girls (1929), The Barretts of Wimpole Street (1934), and Romeo and Juliet (1936). ^[16] Booth received her only competitive Academy Award nomination for Best Film Editing on Mutiny on the Bounty (1935). ^[16]

1939–1968: Supervising editor of MGM

In 1936, Thalberg had unexpectedly died and Mayer assumed the position as production head. Three years later, in 1939, Mayer appointed Booth to be the studio's supervising film editor. ^[16] Booth stated, "They liked me because I was fast. I was always very fast cutting everything I did. And boy, was I tough." ^[5] As the supervising editor, she did no actual film editing herself but instead hired the personnel and reviewed the dailies for each film, overseeing classics such as The Wizard of Oz (1939) and Ben-Hur (1959). ^{[16] [17]} In his 1995 book Making Movies, director Sidney Lumet called Booth "a remarkable person. She was bright and tireless, and she loved movies. I don't know if she had any other life." ^[18] He told one story while filming The Hill (1965) in England, in which she arrived on location and asked to see a rough-cut version, promptly at eight during the following morning. A screening was arranged for her, with Lumet and Thelma Connell, the editor for The Hill, present. When the screening was over, she asked for two minutes of the film to be cut so it would be under two hours. Lumet pushed back and after two more screenings, Booth relented. Following the third screening, Lumet consoled a despondent Booth, who personally felt none of the new studio executives knew or care about filmmaking. ^[19] She remained in her position until she retired in 1968. ^{[16] [20]}

In its 1982 article about Booth's long tenureship, the Village Voice describes her as "the final authority of every picture the studio made for 30 years." ^[21]

1969–1985: Editing for Ray Stark

After leaving MGM, Booth was hired by Ray Stark as the supervising editor for his company, Rastar Productions. She supervised the editing for several films, including The Way We Were (1973), The Sunshine Boys (1975), The Goodbye Girl (1977), California Suite (1978), and Annie (1982). ^[10] She was last credited as an executive producer for The Slugger's Wife (1985) when she was 87. ^[16]

In 1977, Booth was awarded an Academy Honorary Award denoting her for "62 years of exceptionally distinguished service to the motion picture industry as a film editor." ^[16] In 1983, she was awarded the Women in Film Crystal Award for outstanding women who, through their endurance and the excellence of their work, have helped to expand the role of women within the entertainment industry. ^[22] On her centennial birthday, in 1998, Booth was honored with a gala commemorating her seven-decade contributions to the film industry at the Sheraton Universal Hotel, hosted by the Motion Picture Editors Guild. ^[23]

Death and legacy

On October 28, 2002, Booth, at age 104, died from complications after suffering a stroke. She is interred at Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood California. ^[13] In their obituary for Booth, the British newspaper The Guardian stated, "All the filmmakers had to go through her in order to have a final editing of sound and vision approved," while describing her approach:

She was a pioneer of the classic editing style, the so-called "invisible cutting", the aim of which was to make the transition from one image to another as seamless as possible, so the audience was almost unaware of the flow of shots within a sequence. Narrative was dominant, maintaining a continuity of time and space, and matching cuts to action. ^[10]

Filmography

Year	Title	Director	Notes	Refs
1921	Orphans of the Storm	D. W. Griffith	Cutter Uncredited	[6]
1924	Why Men Leave Home	John M. Stahl	Co-editor Collaborated with Stahl	[24]
	Husbands and Lovers			[24]
1925	Fine Clothes			[24]
1926	Memory Lane			[24]
	The Gay Deceiver			[24]
1927	The Enemy	Fred Niblo	Editor	[24]
	Lovers?	John M. Stahl	Editor	[24]
	In Old Kentucky		Editor	[24]
1928	Bringing Up Father	Jack Conway	Editor	[24]
	Telling the World	Sam Wood	Editor Collaborated with John Colton	[24]
	The Mysterious Lady	Fred Niblo	Editor	[24]
	A Lady of Chance	Robert Z. Leonard	Editor	[24]
1929	The Bridge of San Luis Rey	Charles Brabin	Editor	[24]
	Wise Girls	E. Mason Hopper	Editor Screenwriter	[24]
1930	The Rogue Song	Lionel Barrymore	Editor	[24]
	Redemption	Fred Niblo	Editor	[24]
	Strictly Unconventional	David Burton	Editor	[24]
	The Lady of Scandal	Sidney Franklin	Editor	[24]
	A Lady's Morals		Editor	[24]
1931	New Moon	Jack Conway	Editor	[16]
	The Prodigal	Harry A. Pollard	Editor	[16]
	It's a Wise Child	Robert Z. Leonard	Editor	[16]
	The Cuban Love Song	W. S. Van Dyke	Editor	[16]
	Five and Ten	Robert Z. Leonard	Editor	[16]
	Susan Lenox (Her Fall and Rise)		Editor	[16]
1932	Lovers Courageous		Editor	[16]
	Smilin' Through	Sidney Franklin	Editor	[16]
	Strange Interlude	Robert Z. Leonard	Editor	[16]
	The Son-Daughter	Clarence Brown	Editor	[16]
1933	White Sister	Victor Fleming	Editor	[16]
	Peg o' My Heart	Robert Z. Leonard	Editor	[16]
	Storm at Daybreak	Richard Boleslawski	Editor	[16]
	Bombshell	Victor Fleming	Editor	[16]
	Dancing Lady	Robert Z. Leonard	Editor	[16]
1934	Riptide	Edmund Goulding	Editor	[16]
	The Barretts of Wimpole Street	Sidney Franklin	Editor	[16]
1935	Reckless	Victor Fleming	Editor	[16]
	Mutiny on the Bounty	Frank Lloyd	Editor Nominated for an Academy Award for Best Film Editing	[16]
1936	Camille	George Cukor	Editor	[16]
	Romeo and Juliet		Editor	[16]
1938	A Yank at Oxford	Jack Conway	Editorial Supervisor	[16]
1963	The V.I.P.s	Anthony Asquith	Production advisor	[16]
1970	The Owl and the Pussycat	Herbert Ross	Editorial Supervisor	[16]
1972	Fat City	John Huston	Editorial Supervisor	[16]
1973	The Way We Were	Sydney Pollock	Editorial Supervisor	[16]
1975	The Sunshine Boys	Herbert Ross	Editorial Supervisor	[16]
	The Black Bird	David Giler	Editorial Supervisor	[16]
1976	Murder by Death	Robert Moore	Editorial Supervisor	[16]
1977	The Goodbye Girl	Herbert Ross	Editorial Supervisor	[16]
1978	California Suite		Editorial Supervisor	[16]
	The Cheap Detective	Robert Moore	Associate producer	[16]
	Chapter Two		Editorial Supervisor Associate producer	[16]
1980	Seems Like Old Times	Jay Sandrich	Editorial Supervisor Associate producer	[16]
1982	The Toy	Richard Donner	Associate producer	[16]
	Annie	John Huston	Associate producer	[16]
1985	The Slugger's Wife	Hal Ashby	Executive producer	[16]

See also

• Biography portal

• List of centenarians (actors, filmmakers and entertainers)

References

1. California, County Birth and Death Records, 1800–1994
2. "Elmer Booth Killed". Moving Picture World . July 3, 1915. p. 75. Retrieved April 1, 2024– via Internet Archive.
3. Malone 2017, p. 34.
4. Ska, David J. (2001). The Monster Show: A Cultural History of Horror . Macmillan. p.  35. ISBN   978-0571199969.
5. Acker 1991, p. 221.
6. Brownlow 1968, p. 302.
7. Malone 2017, p. 35.
8. Galloway, Douglas (October 31, 2002). "Obituaries: Margaret Booth". Variety. Archived from the original on April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
9. Eyman 2005, p. 56.
10. Bergan, Ronald (November 15, 2002). "Obituary: Margaret Booth". The Guardian . Archived from the original on October 15, 2023. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
11. Eyman 2005, p. 66.
12. Brownlow 1968, p. 303.
13. Luther, Claudia (October 31, 2002). "Margaret Booth, 104; Film Editor Had 70-Year Career". Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
14. "Margaret Booth, Film Editor, 104". The New York Times. Associated Press. November 2, 2002. p. B4. Archived from the original on April 12, 2022. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
15. Menuel 2016, p. 61.
16. Unterberger 1998, p. 43.
17. Malone 2017, p. 36.
18. Lumet 1995, p. 151.
19. Lumet 1995, pp. 152–154.
20. Hatch, Kirsten (2013). "Margaret Booth". Women Film Pioneers Project. New York: Columbia University Libraries. doi:10.7916/d8-ps4e-hw86. Archived from the original on April 2, 2024.
21. Rafferty, Terrance (November 30, 1982). "His Girl Friday". Village Voice. p. 83.
22. "Past Recipients". Women in Film Awards. Archived from the original on August 30, 2011. Retrieved May 10, 2011.
23. Viera, Lauren (January 15, 1998). "Legendary Editor Gets Time in the Spotlight". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 10, 2015. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
24. Unterberger 1998, p. 42.

Works cited

• Acker, Ally (1991). Reel Women: Pioneers of the Cinema, 1896 to the Present . New York: Continuum Publishing. ISBN   978-0-8264-0499-2.
• Brownlow, Kevin (1968). The Parade's Gone By . New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN   978-0-5200-3068-8.
• Eyman, Scott (2005). Lion of Hollywood: The Life and Legend of Louis B. Mayer . New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN   0-7432-0481-6.
• Lumet, Sidney (1995). Making Movies . New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN   0-679-43709-6.
• Malone, Alicia (2017). Backwards and in Heels: The Past, Present and Future of Women Working in Film. Coral Gables, Florida: Mango Publishing. ISBN   978-1-6335-3618-0.
• Menuel, David (2016). Women Film Editors: Unseen Artists of American Cinema. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. ISBN   978-1-476-62520-1.
• Unterberger, Amy L., ed. (1998). Women Filmmakers & Their Films . Detroit: St. James Press. ISBN   978-1-5586-2357-6.

External links

• Margaret Booth at IMDb
• Margaret Booth at Find a Grave
• Literature on Margaret Booth
• Booth, Margaret (1938). "The Cutter" (PDF). In Watts, Stephen (ed.). Behind the Screen: How Films Are Made. London: Arthur Barker Limited. pp. 147–151.
• Lewis, Kevin (March–April 2006). "The Moviola Mavens and the Moguls: Three Pioneering Women Editors Who Had the Respect of Early Hollywood's Power-Brokers". Editors Guild Magazine. Vol. 27, no. 2. Archived from the original on June 12, 2008.