Mast cell stabilizer

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Cromolyn Cromolyn.svg
Cromolyn
Nedocromil Nedocromil.svg
Nedocromil

Mast cell stabilizers are medications used to prevent or treat certain allergic disorders. They block degranulation or mast cell, stabilizing it and thereby preventing the release of histamine and related mediators. One suspected pharmacodynamic mechanism is the blocking of IgE-regulated calcium channels. Without intracellular calcium, the histamine vesicles cannot fuse to the cell membrane and degranulate. [1]

Contents

As inhalers they are used to treat asthma, as nasal sprays to treat hay fever (allergic rhinitis) and as eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis. [2] Finally, in oral form, they are used to treat the rare condition of mastocytosis. [3] [4]

Examples

Mast cell stabilizer medications include:

Research

The following substances are studied on their potential mast cell stabilizing effects, but the current results are inconclusive:

References

  1. 1 2 3 Finn DF, Walsh JJ (September 2013). "Twenty-first century mast cell stabilizers". Br J Pharmacol. 170 (1): 23–37. doi:10.1111/bph.12138. PMC   3764846 . PMID   23441583.
  2. ↑ Castillo M, Scott NW, Mustafa MZ, Mustafa MS, Azuara-Blanco A (2015). "Topical antihistamines and mast cell stabilisers for treating seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 (6): CD009566. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009566.pub2. hdl: 2164/6048 . PMC   10616535 . PMID   26028608.
  3. ↑ Castells M, Butterfield J (April 2019). "Mast Cell Activation Syndrome and Mastocytosis: Initial Treatment Options and Long-Term Management". J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 7 (4): 1097–1106. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2019.02.002. PMID   30961835.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Chadwick SJ (15 May 2009). "Principles of Allergy Management". Managing the Allergic Patient. pp. 19–72. doi:10.1016/B978-141603677-7.50006-6. ISBN   978-1-4160-3677-7. Sodium cromoglycate (cromolyn sodium) has now been available in an intranasal format OTC for almost 10 years[...] Nedocromil is much more potent [...] Other ophthalmic mast cell stabilizers include cromolyn sodium, ketotifen, and pemirolast, and topical antihistamines such as olopatadine also demonstrate mast-cell stabilizing effects. Cromolyn sodium is also used as an oral preparation for the treatment of mastocytosis and has been used off-label in the management of food allergy
  5. ↑ Wang Y, Liu Z, Zhou W, Wang J, Li R, Peng C, et al. (February 2024). "Mast cell stabilizer, an anti-allergic drug, reduces ventricular arrhythmia risk via modulation of neuroimmune interaction". Basic Res Cardiol. 119 (1): 75–91. doi:10.1007/s00395-023-01024-y. PMID   38172251.
  6. ↑ "Mast cell stabilizers". drugs.com. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  7. 1 2 Zhang L, Song J, Hou X (April 2016). "Mast Cells and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: From the Bench to the Bedside". J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 22 (2): 181–92. doi:10.5056/jnm15137. PMC   4819856 . PMID   26755686.
  8. ↑ Nwaru BI, Dhami S, Sheikh A (2017). "Idiopathic Anaphylaxis". Curr Treat Options Allergy. 4 (3): 312–319. doi:10.1007/s40521-017-0136-2. PMC   5569651 . PMID   28890861.
  9. ↑ El-Alali EA, Abukhiran IM, Alhmoud TZ (July 2021). "Successful use of montelukast in eosinophilic gastroenteritis: a case report and a literature review". BMC Gastroenterol. 21 (1) 279. doi: 10.1186/s12876-021-01854-x . PMC   8265096 . PMID   34238222.
  10. 1 2 Feuille EJ, Phipatanakul W, Permaul P (2022). "Conventional medications for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis". Allergic and Immunologic Diseases. pp. 1077–1109. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-95061-9.00038-2. ISBN   978-0-323-95061-9. Evidence is insufficient to compare the efficacy of available ocular mast cell stabilizers (cromolyn, lodoxamide, nedocromil)
  11. ↑ Chu R, Bajaj P (2025). Asthma Medication in Children. PMID   28722853.
  12. ↑ Kowtharapu LP, Katari NK, Sandoval CA, Konduru N, Muchakayala SK, Pydimarry SP, et al. (June 2023). "Regulatory Perspective Reverse Engineering Analysis of the Mast Cell Stabilizer and the Histamine Receptor Antagonist (Olopatadine HCl): Instrumental and Classical Methods for Multiple Formulations". ACS Omega. 8 (24): 21485–21492. doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c00311. PMC   10285952 . PMID   37360430.
  13. ↑ Lui ZQ, Lii XX, Qui ZQ, Yu Y, Li MG (2017). "Vitamin D contributes to mast cell stabilization". Allergy . 72 (8): 1184–1192. doi:10.1111/all.13110. PMID   27998003. S2CID   4643742.
  14. ↑ Weng Z, Zhang B, Asadi S, Sismanopoulos N, Butcher A, Fu X, et al. (28 March 2012). "Quercetin Is More Effective than Cromolyn in Blocking Human Mast Cell Cytokine Release and Inhibits Contact Dermatitis and Photosensitivity in Humans". PLOS ONE. 7 (3): e33805. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...733805W. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033805 . PMC   3314669 . PMID   22470478.


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