Type | Government Organization |
---|---|
Founded | 1985-08-09 |
Headquarters | Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh |
Area served | Madhya Pradesh |
Key people | Shri Rakesh Chandra Sahni (Chairman) Shri O.P. Rawat (VC) |
Website | www |
Narmada Valley Development Authority (NVDA) concerns Narmada River, the river of Madhya Pradesh. With 87% of its catchment area lying in Madhya Pradesh, it becomes all the more important for the state to exploit this enormous water resource. It was with this motto in mind that the Narmada Valley Development Authority (NVDA) was formed by the government of MP on 9 August 1985. NVDA oversees all major development projects in the Narmada Basin. The body also ensures that proper rehabilitation is provided to the displaced, and the negative impacts on environment are minimized by taking appropriate measures. [1]
Narmada being one of the major rivers in Central India, there has been a large number of studies aiming at exploiting the abundant water resource. This has also led to various disputes between Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat, the three states through which a major portion of Narmada flows. One such dispute was regarding the construction of Navagam dam in Gujarat, [2] which would submerge areas in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. To resolve the dispute between the states in sharing the Narmada water, the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal was formed by the Government of India in 1969. In 1979, 10 years after its formation, Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal awarded 18.25 Million Acre Feet (MAF) out of the total 27 Million Acre Feet (MAF) of water to Madhya Pradesh. [3] This was however under the condition that the state has to completely utilize the allocated water by 2025. If it failed to do so, the un-utilized water will be reallocated to other states. Madhya Pradesh government formed Narmada Valley Development Authority in 1985 to oversee the progress of the projects being planned in the Narmada Basin.
Narmada is the fifth largest river in India. It is also the largest West flowing river in India, with a total length of 1312 km. Known as the 'Life Line of Madhya Pradesh', 87% of Narmada lies in Madhya Pradesh, covering the districts Shahdol, Balaghat, Rajnandgaon, Mandla, Seoni, Dindori, Katni, Jabalpur, Damoh, Sagar, Narsinghpur, Chhindwara, Betul, Hoshangabad, Harda, Raisen, Sehore, Khandwa, Indore, Dewas, Khargone, Dhar, Jhabua & Barwani. Besides Madhya Pradesh, the river also flows through minor parts of Gujarat and Maharashtra. Narmada has a potential of irrigating over 60,000 square kilometres (23,000 sq mi) of land along with a capacity to generate about 3 gigawatts of hydro electric power. Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (NWDT) had allocated fixed share of water for each of the four states as follows: [4] [5]
State | Millions of Acre-feet | Billions of cubic metres |
---|---|---|
Madhya Pradesh | 18.25 | 14,407 |
Gujarat | 9.00 | 7,105 |
Rajasthan | 0.50 | 395 |
Maharashtra | 0.25 | 197 |
Total | 28.00 | 22,104 |
Each state has to utilize its share of water allocated by 2025, when failing, it will get reallocated to other states. So as to completely utilize the allocated share of water of 18.25 MAF, Madhya Pradesh government came up with 29 major, 135 medium and over 3,000 minor projects which are scheduled to be completed by 2025.
Table below provide details on the major dams and canals being planned on the Narmada Basin by NVDA [6]
S. No. | Name of Project | Benefits (ha.) | Power (MW) | Irrigation (m3)) |
Completed Projects | ||||
1 | Tawa | 2.469 | 13.50 | 2386.72 |
2 | Barna | 0.548 | — | 559.82 |
3 | Kolar | 0.451 | — | 435.90 |
4 | Sukta | 0.166 | — | 170.57 |
5 | Matiari (Dhobatoria) | 0.101 | — | 88.38 |
6 | Man Project | 0.15 | 140.00 | |
7 | Jobat Project | 0.098 | 112.00 | |
Ongoing Projects | ||||
8 | Rani Awanti Bai Sagar | 1.57 | 100.00 | 1008.00 |
Bargi Diversion | 2.45 | 1853.10 | ||
9 | Indirasagar Project | 1.23 | 1000.00 | 1674.00 |
Canal Power House of ISP | 15.00 | |||
10 | Omkareshwar Project | 1.47 | 520.00 | 1300.00 |
11 | Punasa lift | 0.323 | 105.00 | |
12 | Upper Beda | 0.099 | 90.00 | |
Proposed Projects | ||||
13 | Upper Narmada | 0.185 | 178.93 | |
14 | Upper Burhner | 0.098 | 82.72 | |
15 | Halon | 0.117 | 134.00 | |
16 | Ataria | 0.129 | 112.36 | |
17 | Chinki | 0.708 | 1969.90 | |
18 | Sher | 0.647 | 567.96 | |
19 | Machchrewa | |||
20 | Shakkar | |||
21 | Dudhi | 0.506 | 444.49 | |
22 | Morand | 0.522 | 465.48 | |
23 | Ganjal | |||
24 | Lower Goi | 0.137 | 133.00 | |
25 | Raghavpur | 20 | ||
26 | Rosara | 25 | ||
27 | Basaniyar | 20 | ||
28 | Sitareva | 15 |
The Indirasagar Dam is a multipurpose key project on the Narmada River at Narmadanagar in the Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh in India. The foundation stone of the project was laid by Indira Gandhi, former Prime Minister of India, on 23 October 1984. Construction of the main dam started in 1992. The downstream projects of ISP are Omkareshwar, Maheshwar and Sardar Sarovar Project.
The project envisages construction of a 92 m high and 653 m long concrete gravity dam. It provides irrigation for 1,230 square kilometers of land with annual production of 2700 million units in the districts of Khandwa and Khargone in Madhya Pradesh and power generation of 1000 MW installed capacity (8x125). The reservoir of 7,900,000 acre-feet (9.7 km3) live storage capacity was created. The dam, built as a joint venture between Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Project and National Hydroelectric Power Corporation, is the source of the Indra Gandhi canal. It was commissioned in May 2005. [7]
Madhya Pradesh is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Jabalpur, Ujjain, Gwalior, Sagar, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the second largest Indian state by area and the fifth largest state by population with over 72 million residents. It borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the east, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest.
The Narmada River, also called the Reva and previously also known as Narbada or anglicised as Nerbudda, is the 5th longest river and overall longest west-flowing river in India. It is also the largest flowing river in the state of Madhya Pradesh. This river flows through the states of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat in India. It is also known as the "Life Line of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat" due to its huge contribution to the two states in many ways. The Narmada River rises from the Amarkantak Plateau in Anuppur district Madhya Pradesh. It forms the traditional boundary between North India and South India and flows westwards over a length of 1,312 km (815.2 mi) before draining through the Gulf of Khambhat into the Arabian Sea, 30 km (18.6 mi) west of Bharuch city of Gujarat.
The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a concrete gravity dam built on the Narmada River in Navagam near the town of Kevadiya, Narmada District, in the state of Gujarat, India. The dam was constructed to provide water and electricity to four Indian states: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan.
The Wainganga is a river in India originating in the Mahadeo Hills in Mundara near the village Gopalganj in Seoni, Madhya Pradesh. It is a key tributary of the Godavari. The river flows south in a winding course through the states of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, roughly 580 km (360 mi). After joining the Wardha River, the united stream, which is known as the Pranahita River, empties into the Godavari River at Kaleshwaram, Telangana.
The Mahi is a river in western India. It rises in Madhya Pradesh and, after flowing through the Vagad region of Rajasthan, enters Gujarat and flows into the Arabian Sea. It is one of the relatively few west-flowing rivers in India, alongside the endorheic Luni River, the Sabarmati River, the Tapi River and the Narmada River. Most peninsular rivers in India flow eastward into the Bay of Bengal or northward into the Ganges River.
Omkareshwar is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva, located in Mandhata, nearby Khandwa city in Khandwa district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is one of the 12 revered Jyotirlinga shrines of Shiva. centuries ago the Bhil tribe settled people on this place and now this place is famous for its grandeur and history. It is on an island called Mandhata, near Khandwa city in the Narmada river at Khandwa district in Madhya Pradesh, India; the shape of the island is said to be like the Devanagari ॐ symbol.
The Godavari River has its catchment area in seven states of India: Maharashtra, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Odisha. The number of dams constructed in Godavari basin is the highest among all the river basins in India. Nearly 350 major and medium dams and barrages had been constructed in the river basin by the year 2012.
Barwani district is one of the districts of Madhya Pradesh state of India. The administrative headquarters of the district is at Barwani. Barwani district has an area of 5,427 km² and a population 1,385,881. The district lies in the southwestern corner of Madhya Pradesh; the Narmada River forms its northern boundary. The Satpura Range lies to its south. The district is bordered by Maharashtra state to the south, Gujarat state to the west, Dhar District to the north and Khargone District to the east.
Khandwa district, formerly known as the East Nimar district, is a district of the Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The city of Khandwa is the administrative headquarters of the district. Other notable towns in the district include Mundi, Harsud, Pandhana and Omkareshwar.
Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) is an Indian social movement spearheaded by native tribals (adivasis), farmers, environmentalists and human rights activists against a number of large dam projects across the Narmada River, which flows through the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat is one of the biggest dams on the river and was one of the first focal points of the movement. It is part of the Narmada Dam Project, whose main aim is to provide irrigation and electricity to people of the above states.
The Indira Sagar Dam is the largest dam in India, in terms of volume of water stored in the reservoir. It is located on the Narmada River at the town of Narmada Nagar, Punasa in the Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh in India. The foundation stone of the project was laid by the prime minister of India Indira Gandhi on 23 October 1984. The construction of the main dam started in 1992. The downstream projects of ISP are Omkareshwar, Maheshwar, and Sardar Sarovar Project. To build it, a town of 22,000 people and 100 villages was displaced.
Barwaha is a municipality and tehsil in Khargone district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Barwaha is second biggest city of District after Khargone city. The Barwaha city is divided into 18 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The Barwaha Municipality has population of 39,973 of which 20,940 are males while 19,033 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. Literacy rate of Barwaha is 87.27% higher than state average of 69.32%. In Barwaha, Male literacy is around 92.73% while female literacy rate is 81.23%.
Government of India constituted a common tribunal on 10 April 1969 to adjudicate the river water utilization disputes among the river basin states of Krishna and Godavari rivers under the provisions of Interstate River Water Disputes Act – 1956. The common tribunal was headed by Sri RS Bachawat as its chairman with Sri DM Bhandari and Sri DM Sen as its members. Krishna river basin states Maharashtra, Karnataka and old Andhra Pradesh insisted on the quicker verdict as it had become more expedient for the construction of irrigation projects in Krishna basin. So the proceedings of Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal (KWDT) were taken up first separately and its final verdict was submitted to GoI on 27 May 1976.
The Narmada Canal is a contour canal in Western India that brings water from the Sardar Sarovar Dam to the state of Gujarat and then into Rajasthan state. The main canal has a length of 532 kilometres (331 mi). It is the second longest canal in India and the largest canal by water carrying capacity. The main canal is connected with 42 branch canals providing irrigation to 2,129,000 hectares farmland. The canal is designed to transfer 9.5 million acre-feet water annually from the Narmada Basin to areas under other river basins in Gujarat and Rajasthan..
Mardana is a village in the state of Madhya Pradesh located on the banks of the river Narmada in India. The village falls under the Nimar region. The region predominantly speaks the local dialect "Nimadi" and Hindi. Nearest airport is Indore and nearest railway station is Khandwa.
Alok Agarwal is an Indian social activist and political leader associated with the Aam Admi Party (AAP). The State Convener of Aam Admi Party Madhya Pradesh, Alok is also a member of National Executive Committee. In 1990, Alok joined the Narmada Bachao Andolan, and for the last three decades, has been a key activist in building up this social movement and struggle of tribals, farmers, environmentalists, and human rights workers against the construction of big dams being built across the Narmada river in Central India. and for securing the rights and improved rehabilitation for the millions of farmers and tribals displaced by these dams. Since January 2014, he is also a member of the Aam Aadmi Party of India and contested the Lok Sabha 2014 polls from Khandwa Parliamentary Constituency in Madhya Pradesh.
The Omkareshwar Dam is a gravity dam on the Narmada River just upstream of Mandhata in Khandwa district, Madhya Pradesh, India. It is named after the Omkareshwar temple located just downstream. The dam was constructed between 2003 and 2007 with the purpose of providing water for irrigation of 132,500 ha. An associated hydroelectric power station located at the base of the dam has an installed capacity of 520 MW.
The Narmada Kothi is a palace in the Indian municipality of Barwaha.
Kenud is a village of the Punasa tehsil of Khandwa district, in Madhya Pradesh state, India. The village is almost three hundred years old. Which was founded around 1700 AD by Joraji Singh Badal. Most of the people of the village depend on agriculture, workers and youth are dependent on the nearby city of Mundi and Shree Singaji Thermal Power Project for employment.
Punasa is a tehsil of Khandwa district, Madhya Pradesh, India. It had a total population of 236,806 as per the 2011 Census of India. Punasa is an ancient city, with many places of worship, like many other cities in India. The city is over a thousand years old and is surrounded by a forest in the Narmada river valley. It is 120 km from Indore, the commercial capital of the state.
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