Nyctyornis

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Nyctyornis
Nyctyornis athertoni.jpg
Blue-bearded bee-eater (Nyctyornis athertoni)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Coraciiformes
Family: Meropidae
Genus: Nyctyornis
Jardine & Selby, 1830
Type species
Merops amictus [1]
Temminck, 1824
Species

See text

Nyctyornis is a genus of the bee-eaters, near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. There are just two members of this group, which occur in tropical south and southeastern Asia. [2]

ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Nyctyornis amictus - Kaeng Krachan.jpg Nyctyornis amictus Red-bearded bee-eater Southeast Asia
Nyctyornis athertoni - Khao Yai.jpg Nyctyornis athertoni Blue-bearded bee-eater Indian subcontinent and parts of Southeast Asia

The genus Nyctyornis was introduced by the naturalists William Jardine and Prideaux John Selby in 1830. [3] [4] The name comes from the Ancient Greek nukt meaning nocturnal or night and ornis meaning bird. [5] A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2007 showed that the genus is basal and forms a sister group to the remaining members of the bee-eater family. [6]

Like other bee-eaters, Nyctyornis species are colourful birds with long tails, long downturned bills and pointed wings. They are large bee-eaters (blue-bearded is the largest of all bee-eaters), [7] predominantly green, with a face colour as indicated by the species' name. This colour extends on to the slightly hanging throat feathers to form the "beard". [8]

The two Nyctyornis species are the only bee-eaters that lack an eye-stripe and that have bi-coloured beaks. [6] Their calls also differ from those of other bee-eaters and are somewhat similar to the noises made by rollers. [9] Their size and more rounded wings give a heavier flapping flight that is less graceful than that of members of the genus Merops . [9]

In common with other bee-eaters, they predominantly eat insects, especially bees, wasps and hornets, which are caught in the air, but they have a rather different strategy. They hunt alone or in pairs, rather than in groups, and sit motionless for long periods before pursuing their prey. [9] The blue-bearded bee-eater will also clamber in foliage for insects, and bees are sometimes attracted by the bright blue beard of a perched bird, presumably mistaking it for a flower. [10] They nest in burrows tunneled into the side of sandy banks, but do not form colonies. [11]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Merops</i> (genus) Genus of birds

Merops is a large genus of bee-eaters, a group of birds in the family Meropidae, native to Africa, Asia, Australia and Europe. The members of this family are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. They predominantly eat insects, especially bees, wasps and hornets, which are caught in the air.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue-bearded bee-eater</span> Species of bird

The blue-bearded bee-eater is a species of bee-eater found in much of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Southeast Asia. This bee-eater is found in forest clearings. It is found mainly in the Malayan region but extends west into peninsular India. The blue feathers of its throat are elongated and often fluffed giving it its name. They have a loud call but are not as gregarious or active as the smaller bee-eaters, and their square ended tail lacks the typical "wires" made up of the shafts of the longer central tail feathers found in many other bee-eaters.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Purple-bearded bee-eater</span> Species of bird

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<i>Alcedo</i> Genus of birds

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue-throated roller</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue-breasted bee-eater</span> Species of bird

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References

  1. "Momotidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
  2. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2016). "Todies, motmots, bee-eaters, hoopoes, wood hoopoes & hornbills". World Bird List Version 6.4. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
  3. Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 238.
  4. Jardine, William; Selby, Prideaux John (1830). Illustrations of Ornithology. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: W.H. Lizars. Addenda.
  5. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p.  277. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.
  6. 1 2 Marks, B.D.; Weckstein, J.D.; Moyle, R.G. (2007). "Molecular phylogenetics of the bee-eaters (Aves: Meropidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 45 (1): 23–32. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.07.004. PMID   17716922.
  7. Fry, Fry & Harris 1992, p. 242.
  8. Fry, Fry & Harris 1992, pp. 241–244.
  9. 1 2 3 Fry, Hilary (2001). "Family Meropidae (Bee-eaters)" . In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 6: Mousebirds to Hornbills. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. pp. 286–325. ISBN   978-84-87334-30-6.
  10. Fry, Fry & Harris 1992, p. 243.
  11. Fry, Fry & Harris 1992, pp. 242, 244.

Sources