Oblitosaurus

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Oblitosaurus
Temporal range: Late Jurassic,
Kimmeridgian–Tithonian
Oblitosaurus.png
Life restoration
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Ornithischia
Clade: Ornithopoda
Clade: Ankylopollexia
Genus: Oblitosaurus
Sánchez-Fenollosa et al., 2023
Species:
O. bunnueli
Binomial name
Oblitosaurus bunnueli
Sánchez-Fenollosa et al., 2023

Oblitosaurus (meaning "forgotten lizard") is a genus of ankylopollexian ornithopod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Villar del Arzobispo Formation of Spain. The type species is Oblitosaurus bunnueli. [1]

Discovery and naming

The type specimens of Oblitosaurus consist of a dentary tooth (CPT-1440), an ungual pollex from the left manus (CPT-1444), and an almost complete left hindlimb (MAP-8290 to MAP-8299). Large footprints from the same area may also belong to this taxon. [1]

The skeletal remains were identified as belonging to a new genus and species of ornithopod, Oblitosaurus bunnueli, in 2023. The generic name, "Oblitosaurus", comes from the Latin "oblitus", meaning "obsolete" or "forgotten", and the Greek word "sauros", meaning "lizard", referring to how its fossils were the last to be found from the site where they were discovered. The specific name, "bunnueli", honors Spanish filmmaker Luis Buñuel. [1]

Description

Oblitosaurus has been estimated as being 6–7 metres (20–23 ft) long, larger than its close relatives Camptosaurus and Draconyx. This makes it the largest ornithopod known from Europe in the Late Jurassic. [1]

Classification

Sánchez-Fenollosa et al. (2023) placed Oblitosaurus in a phylogenetic analysis and found it to be a basal ankylopollexian as the sister taxon to Draconyx , forming a European ankylopollexian clade that did not seem to appear in North America. Furthermore, their analysis also supports a monophyly of Camptosaurus, showing for the first time all the species assigned to it in a single clade. The results of their phylogenetic analysis are displayed in the cladogram below. [1]

Iguanodontia

Paleoenvironment

Apart from Oblitosaurus, the Villar del Arzobispo Formation also produced the remains of many other animals, including a distinct Camptosaurus -like ornithopod known from vertebrae, [2] a stegosaur similar to Dacentrurus , [3] and various sauropods, such as Turiasaurus , Losillasaurus , Galvesaurus , and Aragosaurus . [4] [5] [6] [7]

Related Research Articles

<i>Camptosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Camptosaurus is a genus of plant-eating, beaked ornithischian dinosaurs of the Late Jurassic period of western North America and possibly also Europe. The name means 'flexible lizard'.

<i>Dacentrurus</i> Extinct species of reptile

Dacentrurus, originally known as Omosaurus, is a genus of stegosaurian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic and perhaps Early Cretaceous of Europe.

<i>Aragosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Aragosaurus was a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous period of Galve, province of Teruel, in the autonomous territory of Aragón, Spain. It was deposited in the Villar del Arzobispo Formation.

<i>Dinheirosaurus</i> Genus of reptiles (fossil)

Dinheirosaurus is a genus of diplodocid sauropod dinosaur that is known from fossils uncovered in modern-day Portugal. It may represent a species of Supersaurus. The only species is Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis, first described by José Bonaparte and Octávio Mateus in 1999 for vertebrae and some other material from the Lourinhã Formation. Although the precise age of the formation is not known, it can be dated around the early Tithonian of the Late Jurassic.

<i>Lapparentosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Lapparentosaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic. Its fossils were found in Madagascar. The type species is L. madagascariensis.

<i>Losillasaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Losillasaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic and possibly Early Cretaceous (Kimmeridgian-?Berriasian) in the southeast of Spain. The type species of the turiasaurian Losillasaurus giganteus was discovered in the Villar del Arzobispo Formation in Valencia and formally described by Casanovas, Santafé and Sanz in 2001. The holotype material is from a subadult and includes part of a skull; complete cervical, dorsal, sacral, and caudal vertebrae as well as several fragments; skeletal elements from the limbs including a humerus, ulna, radius, and metacarpal; sternal plates; and from the pelvis: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. The genus is characterized by the dimension and shape of the neural spine of the proximal caudal vertebrae. The humerus is 143 centimetres (56 in) long, which despite being from a subadult specimen is within 20% of the size of Paralititan. The size estimation proposed by Francisco Gascó in his master thesis is 15–18 m (49–59 ft) and 12-15 tons.

Galvesaurus, or Galveosaurus, is a genus of brachiosaurid sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic period. Fossils of the only known species, G. herreroi, were found in Galve, Spain, hence its generic name, "Galve lizard". The specific name G. herreroi honours the discoverer, José María Herrero.

<i>Turiasaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Turiasaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaurs. It is known from a single fossil specimen representing the species Turiasaurus riodevensis, found in the Kimmeridgian Villar del Arzobispo Formation of Teruel, Spain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turiasauria</span> Extinct clade of dinosaurs

Turiasauria is an unranked clade of basal sauropod dinosaurs known from Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous deposits in Europe, North America, and Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lourinhã Formation</span> Late Jurassic geological formation in Portugal

The Lourinhã Formation is a fossil rich geological formation in western Portugal, named for the municipality of Lourinhã. The formation is mostly Late Jurassic in age (Kimmeridgian/Tithonian), with the top of the formation extending into the earliest Cretaceous (Berriasian). It is notable for containing a fauna especially similar to that of the Morrison Formation in the United States and a lesser extent to the Tendaguru Formation in Tanzania. There are also similarities to the nearby Villar del Arzobispo Formation and Alcobaça Formation. The stratigraphy of the formation and the basin in general is complex and controversial, with the constituent member beds belonging to the formation varying between different authors.

Galve is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 145 inhabitants. There is an important paleontological site.

<i>Tastavinsaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Tastavinsaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur belonging to the Titanosauriformes. It is based on a partial skeleton from the Early Cretaceous Xert Formation of Spain. The type species is Tastavinsaurus sanzi, named in honor of the Rio Tastavins in Spain and Spanish paleontologist José Luis Sanz. Tastavinsaurus sanzi is known from two specimens, one from the Xert Formation and one from the Forcall Formation. Tastavinsaurus was originally described as a somphospondylan, but it may be a brachiosaurid. The clade Laurasiformes was coined for Tastavinsaurus and its close relatives, which may include Cedarosaurus, Soriatitan, and Venenosaurus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Camarillas Formation</span> Geological formation in Teruel and La Rioja, Spain

The Camarillas Formation is a geological formation in the Teruel Province of Aragón, Spain whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous. The sandstones, mudstones and conglomerates of the formation, that due to syn-sedimentary faulting varies greatly in thickness from 300 to 800 metres, were deposited in fluvial, deltaic and lacustrine environments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Villar del Arzobispo Formation</span>

The Villar del Arzobispo Formation is a Late Jurassic to possibly Early Cretaceous geologic formation in eastern Spain. It is equivalent in age to the Lourinhã Formation of Portugal. It was originally thought to date from the Late Tithonian-Middle Berriasian, but more recent work suggests a Kimmeridigan-Late Tithonian, possibly dating to the Early Berriasian in some areas. The Villar del Arzobispo Formation's age in the area of Riodeva in Spain has been dated based on stratigraphic correlations as middle-upper Tithonian, approximately 145-141 million years old. In the area of Galve, the formation potentially dates into the earliest Cretaceous.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rafael Royo-Torres</span> Spanish paleontologist

Dr. Rafael Royo-Torres is a Spanish Paleontologist. He works in Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel-Dinópolis, in Teruel, Spain. He is one of the discoverers of Turiasaurus riodevensis, together with Luis Alcalá and Alberto Cobos.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Laurasiformes</span> Extinct clade of dinosaurs

Laurasiformes is an extinct clade of sauropod dinosaurs from the late Early Cretaceous of Europe, North and South America. It was defined in 2009 by the Spanish paleontologist Rafael Royo-Torres as a clade containing sauropods more closely related to Tastavinsaurus than to Saltasaurus. Genera purported to form part of this clade include Aragosaurus, Galvesaurus, Phuwiangosaurus, Venenosaurus, Cedarosaurus, Tehuelchesaurus, Sonorasaurus and Tastavinsaurus.

<i>Mierasaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Mierasaurus is an extinct genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Utah, United States. The taxon was first described and named in 2017 by Rafael Royo-Torres and colleagues, from a mostly complete skeleton including a disarticulated partial skull and mandible, teeth, multiple vertebrae from along the length of the body, both scapulae, radius and ulna bones, a left manus, a complete pelvis, both femora and the entire left hindlimb. Additionally, they referred a lower jaw and femur from juvenile individuals, which were found nearby, to the genus. Collectively, Mierasaurus is among the most completely known North American sauropods. The genus name honours Bernardo de Miera y Pacheco, the first European scientist to enter what is now Utah. The type species for Mierasaurus is Mierasaurus bobyoungi, named after Robert Glen Young, a paleontologist who researched the Early Cretaceous of Utah.

<i>Narindasaurus</i> Genus of sauropod dinosaur (fossil)

Narindasaurus is a genus of turiasaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Isalo III Formation of Madagascar. The type species, N. thevenini was formally described by Royo-Torres et al. in 2020. The holotype, which consists of one specimen, is currently stored at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle and has been since 1906 or 1907.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Compsemydidae</span> Extinct family of turtles

Compsemydidae is an extinct family of turtles, likely belonging to the clade Paracryptodira. The earliest undisputed member is Tongemys from the Berriasian age of the Early Cretaceous; two Late Jurassic genera have also sometimes been included in the group, but may alternatively be members of the family Pleurosternidae. The genus Compsemys survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event and lasted until the Thanetian age of the Paleocene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Sánchez-Fenollosa, Sergio; Verdú, Francisco; Cobos, Alberto. "The largest ornithopod (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Upper Jurassic of Europe sheds light on the evolutionary history of basal ankylopollexians". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad076.
  2. Sánchez-Fenollosa, S.; Verdú, F. J.; Suñer, M.; de Santisteban, C. (2022-01-08). "Tracing Late Jurassic ornithopod diversity in the eastern Iberian Peninsula: Camptosaurus-like postcranial remains from Alpuente (Valencia, Spain)". Journal of Iberian Geology. 48: 65–78. doi:10.1007/s41513-021-00182-z. ISSN   1698-6180. S2CID   245804125.
  3. Cobos, Alberto; Royo-Torres, Rafael; Luque, Luis; Alcalá, Luis; Mampel, Luis (2010-07-01). "An Iberian stegosaurs paradise: The Villar del Arzobispo Formation (Tithonian–Berriasian) in Teruel (Spain)". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 293 (1): 223–236. Bibcode:2010PPP...293..223C. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.05.024. ISSN   0031-0182.
  4. Royo-Torres, Rafael; Cobos, Alberto; Alcalá, Luis (2006-12-22). "A Giant European Dinosaur and a New Sauropod Clade" (PDF). Science. 314 (5807): 1925–1927. Bibcode:2006Sci...314.1925R. doi:10.1126/science.1132885. ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   17185599. S2CID   9343711.
  5. Royo-Torres, Rafael; Cobos, Alberto; Mocho, Pedro; Alcalá, Luis (2021-01-01). "Origin and evolution of turiasaur dinosaurs set by means of a new 'rosetta' specimen from Spain". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 191 (1): 201–227. doi: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa091 . ISSN   0024-4082.
  6. Pérez-Pueyo, M.; Moreno-Azanza, M.; Barco, J.L.; Canudo, J.I. (2019). "New contributions to the phylogenetic position of the sauropod Galvesaurus herreroi from the late Kimmeridgian-early Tithonian (Jurassic) of Teruel (Spain)" (PDF). Boletín Geológico y Minero. 130 (3): 375–392. doi: 10.21701/bolgeomin.130.3.001 .
  7. Royo-Torres, Rafael; Upchurch, Paul; Mannion, Philip D.; Mas, Ramón; Cobos, Alberto; Gascó, Francisco; Alcalá, Luis; Sanz, José Luis (2014-07-01). "The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (3): 623–655. doi:10.1111/zoj.12144. ISSN   0024-4082.