Kelumapusaura

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Kelumapusaura
Temporal range: Mid Campanian-Maastrichtian
~73–69  Ma
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Kelumapusaura machi.png
Life restoration
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Ornithischia
Clade: Ornithopoda
Family: Hadrosauridae
Subfamily: Saurolophinae
Clade: Austrokritosauria
Genus: Kelumapusaura
Rozadilla et al., 2022
Species:
K. machi
Binomial name
Kelumapusaura machi
Rozzadilla et al., 2022

Kelumapusaura (meaning "red earth lizard") is a genus of saurolophine hadrosaur from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation in what is now Patagonia in Argentina. The type and only species is K. machi, known from a bonebed of various individuals. [1]

Contents

Discovery

Kelumapusaura in its environment Kelumapusaura.jpg
Kelumapusaura in its environment

The generic name, "Kelumapusaura," combines "kelumapu," the Mapudungun word for "red earth," and the feminine form of the Greek "sauros," meaning "lizard." The specific name, " machi ," is derived from a word from the Mapuche people for "shaman." [1]

Description

The describing authors estimate that Kelumapusaura would have been 8 to 9 metres (26 to 30 ft) long. [1]

Classification

Rozadilla et al. (2022) named Kelumapusaura and the closely related Huallasaurus , recovering them in a clade of entirely South American saurolophines. [1] In the 2023 description of the South American hadrosauroid Gonkoken , Alarcón-Muñoz et al. recovered similar results, implementing a modified version of the phylogenetic matrix of Rozadilla et al. They named the clade containing Kelumapusaura, Huallasaurus, and other South American saurolophines as the Austrokritosauria, recovering it as the sister taxon to the Kritosaurini. The results of their phylogenetic analyses of Saurolophinae are displayed in the cladogram below: [2]

Saurolophinae

Wulagasaurus Wulagasaurus dongi.png

Acristavus Acristavus gagslarsoni.png

Maiasaura Maiasaura peeblesorum.png

Probrachylophosaurus Probrachylophosaurus bergei.png

Brachylophosaurus Brachylophosaurus canadensis.png

Austrokritosauria

Secernosaurus Secernosaurus koerneri.png

Bonapartesaurus Bonapartesaurus rionegrensis.png

Kelumapusaura Kelumapusaura machi.png

Huallasaurus Huallasaurus australis.png

Kritosaurini

Kritosaurus Kritosaurus navajovius.png

Rhinorex Rhinorex condrupus.png

Gryposaurus latidens

Gryposaurus notabilis Gryposaurus notabilis.png

Gryposaurus monumentensis

Kamuysaurus Kamuysaurus japonicus.png

Prosaurolophus Prosaurolophus maximus.png

Saurolophus osborni Saurolophus osborni.png

Saurolophus angustirostris Saurolophus angustirostris.png

Laiyangosaurus Laiyangosaurus youngi.png

Kerberosaurus Kerberosaurus manakini.png

Shantungosaurus Shantungosaurus giganteus.png

Edmontosaurus regalis
Edmontosaurus BW.jpg

Edmontosaurus annectens Anatotitan BW.jpg

Paleoecology

Kelumapusaura is known from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Río Negro Province, Argentina. Many other dinosaurs, including titanosaurs, hadrosaurids, abelisaurids, dromaeosaurids, and alvarezsaurids have been named from the formation. [1]

Dinosaur fauna of the Allen Formation (Kelumapusaura in purple, right) Allen Formation Fauna.png
Dinosaur fauna of the Allen Formation (Kelumapusaura in purple, right)

Related Research Articles

<i>Secernosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Secernosaurus is a genus of herbivorous dinosaur. Secernosaurus was a hadrosaur, a "duck-billed" dinosaur which lived during the Late Cretaceous.

<i>Rocasaurus</i> Genus of titanosaurian sauropod from the Late Cretaceous period

Rocasaurus is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod that lived in South America. Rocasaurus was discovered in Argentina in 2000, within the Allen Formation which is dated to be middle Campanian to early Maastrichtian in age. This genus grew up to 8 metres (26 ft) long, making it one of the smaller sauropods. It seems to be closely related to saltasaurid dinosaurs, like Saltasaurus and Neuquensaurus.

<i>Pellegrinisaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Pellegrinisaurus is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur that lived in South America during the Late Cretaceous period. The holotype was found in the Allen Formation, Argentina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saurolophinae</span> Extinct subfamily of dinosaurs

Saurolophinae is a subfamily of hadrosaurid dinosaurs. It has since the mid-20th century generally been called the Hadrosaurinae, a group of largely non-crested hadrosaurs related to the crested sub-family Lambeosaurinae. However, the name Hadrosaurinae is based on the genus Hadrosaurus which was found in more recent studies to be more primitive than either lambeosaurines or other traditional "hadrosaurines", like Edmontosaurus and Saurolophus. As a result of this, the name Hadrosaurinae was dropped or restricted to Hadrosaurus alone, and the subfamily comprising the traditional "hadrosaurines" was renamed the Saurolophinae. Recent phylogenetic work by Hai Xing indicates that Hadrosaurus is placed within the monophyletic group containing all non-lambeosaurine hadrosaurids. Under this view, the traditional Hadrosaurinae is resurrected, with the Hadrosauridae being divided into two clades: Hadrosaurinae and Lambeosaurinae.

The Los Alamitos Formation is a geological formation of the North Patagonian Massif in Rio Negro Province, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina, whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Allen Formation</span> Geological formation in Argentina

The Allen Formation is a geological formation in Argentina whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian to early Maastrichtian. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. Indeterminate chelid remains and other vertebrates have also been discovered in this formation.

Bonapartenykus is a monospecific genus of alvarezsauroid dinosaur from Argentina that lived during the Late Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) in what is now the upper Allen Formation of the Río Negro Province. The type and only species, Bonapartenykus ultimus, is known from a nearly articulated but partial skeleton that was found in close association to two incomplete eggs and several clusters of eggshells belonging to the oogenus Arriagadoolithus. Bonapartenykus was named in 2012 by Federico L. Agnolin, Jaime E. Powell, Fernando E. Novas and Martin Kundrát. Bonapartenykus has an estimated length of 2.5 m (8.2 ft) and weight of 72 kg (159 lb), making it the largest member of the clade Alvarezsauroidea.

<i>Kundurosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Kundurosaurus is an extinct genus of saurolophine hadrosaurid dinosaur known from the Latest Cretaceous of Amur Region, Far Eastern Russia. It contains a single species, Kundurosaurus nagornyi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kritosaurini</span> Extinct clade of dinosaurs

Kritosaurini is a tribe of saurolophine hadrosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous.

<i>Bonapartesaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Bonapartesaurus is an extinct genus of herbivorous ornithopod dinosaur belonging to Hadrosauridae, which lived in the area of modern Argentina during the Campanian and Maastrichtian stages of the Late Cretaceous.

Tralkasaurus is a genus of abelisaurid dinosaur from the Huincul Formation from Río Negro Province in Argentina. The type and only species is Tralkasaurus cuyi, named in 2020 by Mauricio Cerroni and colleagues based on an incomplete skeleton. A medium-sized abelisaurid, Tralkasaurus exhibits a conflicting blend of characteristics found among the early-diverging abelisauroids with others that characterize the highly specialized clade Brachyrostra, and thus its position within the clade is poorly-resolved.

<i>Niebla antiqua</i> Extinct species of dinosaur

Niebla is a genus of abelisaurid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period (Campanian-Maastrichtian) of Río Negro province, Argentina. The genus contains a single species, Niebla antiqua, and is known from a partial, non-articulated skeleton. The holotype, found in the Allen Formation, represents an adult individual.

<i>Huallasaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaur

Huallasaurus is an extinct genus of saurolophine hadrosaur from the Late Cretaceous Los Alamitos Formation of Patagonia in Argentina. The type and only species is H. australis. Originally named as a species of Kritosaurus in 1984, it was long considered a synonym of Secernosaurus before being recognized as its own distinct genus in a 2022 study, different from other members of Kritosaurini.

<i>Maip</i> Genus of megaraptoran dinosaurs

Maip is a genus of large megaraptorid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Chorrillo Formation of Santa Cruz, Argentina. The genus contains a single species, M. macrothorax, known from an incomplete, disarticulated skeleton. Maip may represent the largest megaraptorid known from South America, and possibly the world.

Patagopelta is an extinct genus of nodosaurine dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Allen Formation of Argentina. The genus contains a single species, P. cristata, known from a partial skeleton. Patagopelta is a very small ankylosaur, comparable in size to the dwarf nodosaurid Struthiosaurus, about 2 m (6.6 ft) long.

<i>Yatenavis</i> Extinct genus of birds

Yatenavis is an extinct genus of enantiornithine bird from the Late Cretaceous Chorrillo Formation of Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. The genus contains a single species, Y. ieujensis, known from a partial humerus.

<i>Chucarosaurus</i> Genus of titanosaurian dinosaurs

Chucarosaurus is an extinct genus of titanosaurian dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Huincul Formation of Argentina. The genus contains a single species, C. diripienda, known from various limb and pelvic bones.

<i>Gonkoken</i> Genus of hadrosauroid dinosaurs

Gonkoken is an extinct genus of hadrosauroid ornithopod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Dorotea Formation of Chilean Patagonia. The genus contains a single species, G. nanoi, known from disarticulated bones of multiple individuals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Austrokritosauria</span> Extinct clade of hadrosaurid dinosaurs

Austrokritosauria is an extinct clade of saurolophine dinosaurs known from the Late Cretaceous of South America. The clade provides evidence of a faunal exchange from North America during the Cretaceous.

Sidersaura is an extinct genus of rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Huincul Formation of Argentina. The genus contains a single species, S. marae, known from the remains of four individuals. Sidersaura represents one of the largest known rebbachisaurids.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Rozadilla, Sebastián; Brissón-Egli, Federico; Lisandro Agnolín, Federico; Aranciaga-Rolando, Alexis Mauro; Novas, Fernando Emilio (2022). "A new hadrosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Late Cretaceous of northern Patagonia and the radiation of South American hadrosaurids". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.2020917.
  2. Alarcón-Muñoz, Jhonatan; Vargas, Alexander O.; Püschel, Hans P.; Soto-Acuña, Sergio; Manríquez, Leslie; Leppe, Marcelo; Kaluza, Jonatan; Milla, Verónica; Gutstein, Carolina S.; Palma-Liberona, José; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang; Frey, Eberhard; Pino, Juan Pablo; Bajor, Dániel; Núñez, Elaine; Ortiz, Héctor; Rubilar-Rogers, David; Cruzado-Caballero, Penélope (2023-06-16). "Relict duck-billed dinosaurs survived into the last age of the dinosaurs in subantarctic Chile". Science Advances. 9 (24). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adg2456. ISSN   2375-2548. PMC   10275600 .