Palamau Tiger Reserve

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Palamau Tiger Reserve
India Jharkhand location map.svg
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Palamu Tiger Reserve
India location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Palamu Tiger Reserve
Location Jharkhand, India
Nearest city Latehar
Coordinates 23°41′20″N84°14′56″E / 23.68889°N 84.24889°E / 23.68889; 84.24889 Coordinates: 23°41′20″N84°14′56″E / 23.68889°N 84.24889°E / 23.68889; 84.24889
Area1129.93 km2 [1]
EstablishedNovember, 1973

The Palamau Tiger Reserve is one of the nine original tiger reserves in Jharkhand, India [2] and the only one in this state. It forms part of Betla National Park and Palamau Wildlife Sanctuary. As of 2022, the reserve is reported to be largely under Naxal control. [3]

Contents

Formation

The area in Latehar District in Jharkhand was set aside as protected in 1974 under the Indian Forests Act. Before the formation of the reserve, the area was used for cattle grazing and camping; it was acutely prone to forest fire. [2] In 1973, the area was set up as the Palamu Tiger Reserve.

Area

The tiger reserve has a total area of 1,129.93 square kilometres (436 sq mi) with a core area of 414.93 km2 and a buffer area of 650 km2. [1] [4]

Ramandag, Latoo and Kujurum forest villages are in the core area. Most of the villages are small; one village, Meral, consisted in 1993 of just 99 acres (400,000 m2) of land, 9 families and 78 people. [2] In 1993 there were 45 villages in the buffer area and about 60 more in the periphery of the reserve.

As of 2012, that number had grown to 136 villages that fall under the "buffer area" regulations of the Palamu Tiger Reserve. [4] Only seven of the villages were in existence in 1923. [2] The villagers have no legal claim to lands that were settled after 1973 when the buffer area for the reserve was created. [4]

Wildlife

The tiger population is extremely scarce and counting them has become particularly difficult due to Naxalite activities that have increased since 1990. As of 2012, the count, using DNA to prevent over-counting, is one male and five female tigers. [5] [6]

The initial count in 1973 when the tiger reserve was created was 50 tigers, [6] but some claim that this was an over-count without adequate controls. [1] By 2005 the number of tigers was down to 38. [6] The census in 2007 found only 17 tigers. [6] The 2009 tiger census based on DNA analysis indicated that there were just six tigers in the reserve. The forest department claimed that, since the core area was almost inaccessible due to difficult terrain and the Naxalite presence, the census may not have found all the tigers. [1] No new tigers have found till 2012 [6] and decreased game and hunting opportunities suggest that these are the only six. [5] In 2017, a tiger was spotted by tourist. [7] In 2018, All India Tiger count recorded no tiger in reserve. [8] In 2021, a tiger was spotted in camera trap and footprints of tigress was found. [9] [10]

As of 1989, 65 elephants were believed to reside in the reserve. [11]

Apart from tigers and elephants, leopards, gaurs, sambars and wild dogs live in the reserve. [12]

Over 140 species of birds (including peafowl) have been sighted in the reserve. [13]

Two white vultures were spotted by the officials of Palamu Tiger Reserve in Chainpur in 2013. [14] They were seen on the sand bed of River North Koel, said sources. This is the first time in 10 years that a vulture has been sighted in Palamu.

Issues

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jharkhand</span> State in eastern India

Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of 79,716 km2 (30,779 sq mi). It is the 15th largest state by area, and the 14th largest by population. Hindi is the official language of the state. The city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka its sub-capital. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath, Dewri and Rajrappa are major religious sites. The state was formed on 15 November 2000, after carving out what was previously the southern half of Bihar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chota Nagpur Plateau</span> Plateau of India

The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the basin of the Mahanadi river lies to the south. The total area of the Chota Nagpur Plateau is approximately 65,000 square kilometres (25,000 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Latehar</span> City in Jharkhand, India

Latehar is a town which is a headquarter of Latehar district of Jharkhand state, it is known for its natural environment, forest, forest products and mineral deposits. Latehar remained a part of Palamau District as a sub division since 1924. It was elevated from sub divisional status to a district on 4 April 2001, vide Jharkhand Government Notification No 946 dated 04.04.2001. Latehar is located on the north–west corner of Jharkhand in the Palamau Commissionary. It is surrounded by Ranchi, Lohardaga, Gumla, Palamu and Chatra district apart from Chhattisgarh state and district headquarters is situated at 84.51198 East Longitude and 23.741988 North Latitude.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palamu district</span> District of Jharkhand in India

Palamu district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India. It was formed in 1892. The administrative headquarter of the district is Medininagar, situated on the Koel River.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sariska Tiger Reserve</span> Protected area in India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Betla National Park</span> National park in Jharkhand, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palamu fort</span> Two ruined forts in Daltonganj, India

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Just six tigers left in Palamu Tiger Reserve". The Hindu . November 2, 2010. Archived from the original on 7 November 2010. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Prasad, R. R. & Jahagirdar, M. P. (1993). Tribal Situation in Forest Villages: Changing subsistence strategies and adaptation. New Delhi, India: Discovery Publishing House. p.  47. ISBN   978-81-7141-234-1.
  3. ↑ "Maoist movement in core area of Kanha tiger reserve; security posts to be set up". 26 May 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Tiger Foundation for Palamu reserve in the offing". The Times of India . 25 July 2012. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012.
  5. 1 2 3 "Palamu Tiger Reserve's lone male tiger counting its days". The Times of India . 24 July 2012. Archived from the original on 20 May 2014.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mishra, Alok K. N. (15 September 2012). "PTR may lose central funds". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 18 May 2014.
  7. ↑ "Tiger spotted at Betla National Park after 2 years". Timesofindia. 23 February 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  8. ↑ "Survey indicates tiger presence in Palamau Tiger Reserve in Jharkhand". India Today. 6 August 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  9. ↑ "Tiger Spotted In Jharkhand's Palamu Reserve, The First Time Since Early 2020". Indiatimes. 12 November 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  10. ↑ "Tigress Creates Panic In Villages Near Jharkhand's Palamu Forest". News18. 8 July 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  11. ↑ Sukumar, R. (1989). The Asian Elephant: ecology and management. Cambridge University Press. p.  15. ISBN   978-0-521-36080-7.
  12. ↑ "Palamu Tiger Reserve". Jharkhand Government. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009.
  13. ↑ Bansal, Sunita Pant (2005). Encyclopaedia of India. New Delhi, India: Smriti Books. p.  122. ISBN   978-81-87967-71-2.
  14. ↑ Rare vultures sighted in Palamu after a decade, The Times of India
  15. ↑ "Sniffer dogs to check sale of deer meat in Palamu Tiger Reserve". The Times of India . 5 September 2012. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012.
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