Penang State Executive Council

Penang State Executive Council
Penang State Executive Council
2023–present
Date formed	13 August 2023
People and organisations
Head of state	Ahmad Fuzi Abdul Razak
Head of government	Chow Kon Yeow ; (PH–DAP)
Total no. of members	11
Member parties	Pakatan Harapan (PH) and Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition government Pakatan Harapan (PH) Democratic Action Party (DAP); People's Justice Party (PKR); ; Barisan Nasional (BN) United Malays National Organisation (UMNO); ; ;
Status in legislature	Coalition government ; 29 / 40
Opposition parties	Perikatan Nasional (PN) Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS); Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU); ;
Opposition leader	Muhammad Fauzi Yusoff ; (PN–PAS)
History
Legislature term	15th Penang State Legislative Assembly

Last updated November 28, 2024

The Penang State Executive Council is the executive branch of the Penang state government. It is headed by the chief minister, who is appointed by the governor, Penang's head of state. The council also comprises between four and ten other members of the Penang State Legislative Assembly, along with ex officio civil servants – namely the state secretary, the state legal adviser and the state financial officer.^[1]

Structure of government
Appointment of the executive
Vacation of office
Lists of full members
Chow Kon Yeow II EXCO (2023–present)
Ex officio members
Former membership
Chow Kon Yeow I EXCO (2018–2023)
Lim Guan Eng II EXCO (2013–2018)
Lim Guan Eng I EXCO (2008–2013)
Koh Tsu Koon IV EXCO (2004–2008)
Koh Tsu Koon III EXCO (1999–2004)
Koh Tsu Koon II EXCO (1995–1999)
Koh Tsu Koon I EXCO (1990–1995)
See also
References
External links

While smaller in size, the Penang State Executive Council is similar in structure and function to the Malaysian federal cabinet. Federal and state responsibilities vary, resulting in portfolios that vary between the two levels of government. The Executive Council is collectively accountable to the Penang State Legislative Assembly.^[1]

Structure of government

Appointment of the executive

The chief minister, as Penang's head of government, must be appointed by the governor of Penang (Malay: Yang di-Pertua Negeri Pulau Pinang) on the basis that the former commands the confidence of a majority of the state assemblymen in the Penang State Legislative Assembly.^[1] On the advice of the chief minister, the governor shall form the Penang State Executive Council by appointing "not more than ten nor less than four other members" from among the state assemblymen.

Aside from the Executive Council, the governor shall also appoint another three executive officers, namely the state secretary, the state legal adviser and the state financial officer.

The state secretary serves as the principal officer who handles the administrative affairs of the state.
The state legal adviser shall provide advice on legal matters upon request from either the governor or the state government.
The state financial officer is in charge of the financial affairs of the state.

These officers retain the right to participate in the proceedings of the Executive Council and may be appointed to any of the committees in the council. However, they are not permitted to vote in the Executive Council or within any of the committees.^[1]

Before exercising the duties of the executive office, an incoming member of the Executive Council must take and subscribe the Oath of Office and Allegiance in the presence of the governor. The Oath of Office and Allegiance reads as follows.

I, [name], having been appointed to the office of [name of office], do solemnly swear [or affirm] that I will faithfully discharge the duties of that office to the best of my ability, that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the State of Penang, and that I will preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the State of Penang.^[1]

In addition, every incoming member of the Executive Council, plus the state secretary, the state legal adviser and the state financial officer, must also take and subscribe the Oath of Secrecy before the governor. The Oath of Secrecy is as follows.

I, [name], do solemnly swear [or affirm] that I will not directly or indirectly communicate or reveal to any person any matter which shall be brought under my consideration or shall become known to me as a member of the Executive Council of the State of Penang except as may be required for the due discharge of my duties as such or may be specially permitted by the Yang di-Pertua Negeri.^[1]

Vacation of office

Any member of the Penang State Executive Council, apart from the chief minister, shall hold office at the governor's pleasure, but may at any time resign from his or her position.^[1] If the chief minister ceases to command the confidence of the majority of the state assemblymen in the Penang State Legislative Assembly, the chief minister shall tender the resignation of the entire Executive Council. However, in this particular circumstance, the chief minister also reserves the option to advise the governor to dissolve the Legislative Assembly, thus paving the way for fresh state-level election. Aside from that, the Executive Council ceases to exist upon the vacancy of the Office of the chief minister, unless the vacancy arises while the Legislative Assembly is dissolved.

Lists of full members

Chow Kon Yeow II EXCO (2023–present)

PH (10)	BN (1)
DAP (8) PKR (2)	UMNO (1)

Members since 13 August 2023 have been :^[2]


Name	Portfolio		Constituency	Term start	Term end
Chow Kon Yeow MP (Chief Minister)	Finance Economic Development Land Communications	PH (DAP)	Padang Kota	13 August 2023	Incumbent
Mohamad Abdul Hamid (Deputy Chief Minister I)	Islamic Development Education National Unity	PH (PKR)	Batu Maung	16 August 2023
Jagdeep Singh Deo (Deputy Chief Minister II)	Human Capital Development Science and Technology	PH (DAP)	Datok Keramat
Wong Hon Wai	Tourism Creative Economy		Paya Terubong
Zairil Khir Johari	Infrastructure Transport Digital Development		Tanjong Bunga
Lim Siew Khim	Social Development Welfare Non-Islamic Religious Affairs		Sungai Pinang
Daniel Gooi Zi Sen	Youth Sports Health		Padang Lalang
Jason H'ng Mooi Lye	Local Government Town & Country Planning		Jawi
Sundarajoo Somu	Housing Environment		Perai
Fahmi Zainol	Agrotechnology & Food Security Cooperative Development	PH (PKR)	Pantai Jerejak
Rashidi Zinol	Trade and Entrepreneurial Development Rural Development	BN (UMNO)	Sungai Acheh

Ex officio members

The state secretary, the state legal adviser and the state financial officer are the ex officio members of the Executive Council.

Name	Position	Note
Haji Zulkifli Long	State Secretary	^[3]
Roslinda Mohd Shafie	State Legal Adviser	^[4]
Zabidah Safar	State Financial Officer	^[5]

Former membership

Chow Kon Yeow I EXCO (2018–2023)

PH (11)
DAP (8) PKR (3)

Members from 14 May 2018 to 13 August 2023 were :^[6]

Name	Portfolio		Constituency	Term start	Term end
Chow Kon Yeow MP (Chief Minister)	Land Affairs and Development Communication	DAP	Padang Kota	14 May 2018	13 August 2023
Ahmad Zakiyuddin Abdul Rahman (Deputy Chief Minister I)	Cooperative Islamic Affairs Community Empowerment	PKR	Pinang Tunggal	16 May 2018	13 August 2023
Ramasamy Palanisamy (Deputy Chief Minister II)	Education Human Capital Development	DAP	Perai	16 May 2018	13 August 2023
Jagdeep Singh Deo	Local Government Housing Urban and Rural Planning		Datok Keramat	16 May 2018	13 August 2023
Zairil Khir Johari	Infrastructure Transportation		Tanjong Bunga	16 May 2018	13 August 2023
Abdul Halim Hussain	Trade and Industry Entrepreneurial Development	PKR	Batu Maung	16 May 2018	13 August 2023
Dr. Afif Bahardin	Agriculture Agro-based Industries Rural Development Health		Seberang Jaya	16 May 2018	4 March 2020
Norlela Ariffin	Agriculture Agro-based Industries Rural Development Health		Penanti	12 March 2020	13 August 2023
Phee Boon Poh	Welfare Environment	DAP	Sungai Puyu	16 May 2018	13 August 2023
Chong Eng	Social Development Non-Islamic Religious Affairs		Padang Lalang	16 May 2018	13 August 2023
Yeoh Soon Hin	Tourism Creative Economy		Paya Terubong	16 May 2018	13 August 2023
Soon Lip Chee	Youth Sports		Bagan Jermal	16 May 2018	13 August 2023

Lim Guan Eng II EXCO (2013–2018)

DAP (8) PKR (3)

Members from 2013 to 2018 were :^[7]

Name	Portfolio		Constituency	Term start	Term end
Lim Guan Eng (Chief Minister)	Land Affairs and Land Development Information Heritage & Non-Islamic Religious Affairs	DAP	Air Putih	9 May 2013	2018
Mohd Rashid Hasnon (Deputy Chief Minister I)	Industrial Development International Trade Cooperatives and Community Relations Entrepreneur Development	PKR	Pantai Jerejak	9 May 2013	2018
Ramasamy Palanisamy (Deputy Chief Minister II)	State Economic Planning Education Human Resources Science, Technology and Innovation	DAP	Perai	9 May 2013	2018
Chow Kon Yeow	Local Government Traffic Management Flood Mitigation	DAP	Padang Kota	9 May 2013	2018
Lim Hock Seng	Public Works Utilities (Energy, Water and Telecom) Transport (Air, Sea and Train)	DAP	Bagan Jermal	9 May 2013	2018
Law Heng Kiang	Tourism Development Culture	DAP	Batu Lancang	9 May 2013	2018
Phee Boon Poh	Welfare Caring Society Environment	DAP	Sungai Puyu	9 May 2013	2018
Jagdeep Singh Deo	Town Rural Planning Housing	DAP	Datok Keramat	9 May 2013	2018
Chong Eng	Youth and Sports Women, Family Community Development Arts	DAP	Padang Lalang	9 May 2013	2018
Abdul Malik Abul Kassim	Religious Affairs Domestic Trade Consumer Affairs	PKR	Batu Maung	9 May 2013	2018
Dr. Afif Bahardin	Agriculture & Agro-Based Industry Rural Development Health	PKR	Seberang Jaya	9 May 2013	2018

Lim Guan Eng I EXCO (2008–2013)

DAP (8) PKR (3)

Members from 2008 to 2013 were :^[8]

Name	Portfolio		Constituency	Term start	Term end
Lim Guan Eng (Chief Minister)	Industrial Development International Trade Land Affairs Land Development	DAP	Air Putih	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Mohammad Fairus Khairuddin (Deputy Chief Minister I)	Religious Affairs Entrepreneur and Cooperative Development Information Community Relations	PKR	Penanti	13 March 2008	2009
Mansor Othman (Deputy Chief Minister I)		PKR	Penanti	2009	8 May 2013
Ramasamy Palanisamy (Deputy Chief Minister II)	State Economic Planning Education Human Resources Science, Technology and Innovation.	DAP	Perai	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Chow Kon Yeow	Local Government Traffic Management Environment	DAP	Padang Kota	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Lim Hock Seng	Public Works Utilities (Energy, Water and Telecom) Transport (Air, Sea and Train)	DAP	Bagan Jermal	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Law Heng Kiang	Tourism Development Culture Arts Heritage	DAP	Batu Lancang	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Phee Boon Poh	Health Welfare Caring Society	DAP	Sungai Puyu	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Wong Hon Wai	Housing Urban Rural Planning	DAP	Air Itam	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Lydia Ong Kok Fooi	Youth and Sports Women, Family and Community Development	DAP	Berapit	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Abdul Malik Abul Kassim	Domestic Trade Consumer Affairs	PKR	Batu Maung	13 March 2008	8 May 2013
Law Choo Kiang	Agriculture Agro-based Industries Rural Development Flood Mitigation	PKR	Bukit Tambun	13 March 2008	8 May 2013

Koh Tsu Koon IV EXCO (2004–2008)

BN (11)
Gerakan (4) UMNO (4) MCA (2) MIC (1)

Members from 2004 to 2008 were :

Name		Constituency	Term start	Term end
Koh Tsu Koon (Chief Minister)	Gerakan	Tanjong Bunga	2004	2008
Abdul Rashid Abdullah (Deputy Chief Minister)	UMNO	Sungai Bakap	2004	2008
Teng Hock Nan	Gerakan	Pulau Tikus	2004	2008
Toh Kin Woon	Gerakan	Machang Bubok	2004	2008
Teng Chang Yeow	Gerakan	Padang Kota	2004	2008
Azhar Ibrahim	UMNO	Penaga	2004	2008
Jahara Hamid	UMNO	Telok Ayer Tawar	2004	2008
Syed Amerruddin Syed Ahmad	UMNO	Bayan Lepas	2004	2008
Koay Kar Huah	MCA	Seri Delima	2004	2008
Lau Chiek Tuan	MCA	Berapit	2004	2008
Subbaiyah Palaniappan	MIC	Bagan Dalam	2004	2008

Koh Tsu Koon III EXCO (1999–2004)

BN (11)
Gerakan (4) UMNO (4) MCA (2) MIC (1)

Members from 1999 to 2004 were :^[9]^[10]

Name	Portfolio		Constituency	Term start	Term end
Koh Tsu Koon (Chief Minister)		Gerakan	Tanjong Bunga	1999	2004
Hilmi Yahaya (Deputy Chief Minister)	Religion Land Affairs Planning and Coordination of Development Programmes	UMNO	Telok Bahang	1999	2004
Kee Phaik Cheen	Tourism, Culture, Arts Women Development	Gerakan	Batu Uban	1999	2004
Toh Kin Woon	Economic Planning Education Human Development	Gerakan	Machang Bubok	1999	2004
Teng Hock Nan	Local Government Environment Traffic Management	Gerakan	Kebun Bunga	1999	2004
Abdul Rashid Abdullah	Housing Entrepreneur Cooperative Development	UMNO	Sungai Acheh	1999	2004
Azhar Ibrahim	Agriculture Fisheries Rural Development	UMNO	Penaga	1999	2004
Jahara Hamid	Youth and Sports Information National Unity	UMNO	Telok Ayer Tawar	1999	2004
Koay Kar Huah	Works Public Amenities Transport	MCA	Bukit Gelugor	1999	2004
Loh Hock Hun	Trade Commerce Consumer Affairs	MCA	Paya Terubong	1999	2004
Rajapathy Kuppusamy	Health Welfare Caring Society	MIC	Perai	1999	2004

Koh Tsu Koon II EXCO (1995–1999)

BN (11)
Gerakan (1)

Members from 1995 to 1999 were :

Name	Portfolio	Party		Constituency	Term start	Term end
Koh Tsu Koon (Chief Minister)			Gerakan	Tanjong Bunga	1995	1999

Koh Tsu Koon I EXCO (1990–1995)

BN (9)
Gerakan (4) UMNO (5)

Members from 1990 to 1995 were :^[11]

Name	Portfolio		Constituency	Term start	Term end
Koh Tsu Koon (Chief Minister)		Gerakan	Tanjong Bunga	1990	1995
Ibrahim Saad (Deputy Chief Minister)	Land Development Industrial Planning	UMNO	Seberang Jaya	1990	1995
Goh Cheng Teik	Local Government New Villages Development	Gerakan	Sungai Bakap	1990	1995
Zakaria Bakar	Housing Environment	UMNO	Ara Rendang	1990	1995
Kee Phaik Cheen	Tourism Youth Sports Welfare	Gerakan	Batu Uban	1990	1995
Yahaya Abdul Hamid	Agriculture Rural Development	UMNO	Pinang Tunggal	1990	1995
Kang Chin Seng	Science Technology Human Resources Development	Gerakan	Sungai Pinang	1990	1995
Ibrahim Yaakob	Religious Affairs Education Culture Health	UMNO	Sungai Acheh	1990	1995
Hilmi Yahaya	Infrastructure Public Utilities	UMNO	Telok Bahang	1990	1995

Related Research Articles

In Malaysia, the Menteri Besar is the head of government of each of nine states in Malaysia with monarchs. For four states without a monarch, the title Chief Minister, is used except for Sarawak where it uses Premier (Premier). The title "Menteri Besar" is usually untranslated in the English media in Malaysia, but is typically translated as 'Chief Minister' by foreign media. According to protocol, all Menteris Besar, Chief Ministers and Premier are styled Yang Amat Berhormat, which means "The Most Honourable".

The chief minister of Penang is the head of government in the Malaysian state of Penang. According to convention, the chief minister is the leader of the majority party or largest coalition party of the Penang State Legislative Assembly. The chief minister's official residence is Seri Teratai in the capital city of George Town.

The chief minister of Sabah is the head of government of Sabah, Malaysia. Since September 2020, the position has been held by Hajiji Noor from the Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah from the coalition of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) which had won the 2020 Sabah state election. As in other parts of the Malaysian federation, the Westminster Parliamentary system is adopted, whereby, the leader of the party with the most seats in the state legislature would usually become the chief minister of Sabah. In other words, it is the person commanding the support of the state legislature. The chief minister is appointed by the head of state known as the Yang di-Pertua Negeri. In comparison to other states in Malaysia, the office of the chief minister of Sabah has been held by a more diverse group of people in terms of ethnicity and religion. The post has been held by Kadazan-Dusuns, Bajaus, Malays, Chinese, Muruts, Rungus, Sungai, Idaans, and other persons of mixed heritage as well as being Muslims, Buddhists and Christians.

The Penang State Legislative Assembly is the legislature of the Malaysian state of Penang. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 40 elected lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout Penang. The state legislature, whose members are called "State Assemblymen", convenes at the Penang State Assembly Building in Penang's capital city of George Town. The Penang State Executive Council, the executive branch of the Penang state government, is drawn from among the State Assemblymen.

The Government of Penang refers to the government authority of the Malaysian state of Penang. The state government adheres to and is created by both the Malaysian federal constitution, the supreme law of Malaysia, and the constitution of Penang, the supreme law in Penang. The government of Penang is based in the state's capital city of George Town.

The Malacca State Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Malaysian state of Malacca. It is composed of 28 members who are elected from single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, along with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies.

In India, a chief minister is the elected head of government of each state out of the 28 states and sometimes a union territory (UT). Currently, only the UTs of Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry have serving chief ministers. According to the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister.

The Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan or First Minister of Negeri Sembilan is the head of government in the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan. According to the convention, the Menteri Besar is the leader of the majority party or largest coalition party of the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly.

Dato' Seri Law Choo Kiang is a Malaysian politician who has served as 9th Speaker of the Penang State Legislative Assembly since June 2013. He served as Member of the Penang State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) and Pakatan Harapan (PH) state administrations under former Chief Minister Lim Guan Eng from March 2008 to May 2013 and Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Bukit Tambun from March 2008 to May 2018. He is a member and State Advisor of Penang of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the PH and formerly PR coalitions. As of 2024, he is also the second longest-serving Speaker of the Penang Assembly after Yahaya Abdul Hamid who served from 1995 to 2008 for 13 years.

The premierof Sarawak is the head of government of the Malaysian state of Sarawak. The premier is appointed by the Yang di-Pertua Negeri (Governor) of Sarawak. The premier is also the leader of the political party or coalition that secures a majority in the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly.

Dr. Afif bin Bahardin is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Taman Medan since August 2023. He served as Member of the Penang State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) and Pakatan Harapan (PH) state administrations under Chief Ministers Lim Guan Eng and Chow Kon Yeow from May 2013 to his resignation in March 2020 as well as Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Seberang Jaya from May 2013 to March 2023.

The Negeri Sembilan State Executive Council is the executive authority of the Government of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The Council comprises the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Besar on the basis that he is able to command a majority in the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly, a number of members made up of members of the Assembly, the State Secretary, the State Legal Adviser and the State Financial Officer.

The Selangor State Executive Council forms the executive branch of the state government of Selangor, Malaysia. It comprises the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Sultan on the basis that he is likely to command the confidence of the majority of members of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly, and a minimum of four up to a maximum of ten members of the State Assembly. Additionally, the State Secretary, State Legal Adviser and State Financial Officer, who are civil servants that serve as exofficio members.

The Perlis State Executive Council is the executive authority of the Government of Perlis, Malaysia. The Council comprises the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Raja on the basis that he is able to command a majority in the Perlis State Legislative Assembly, a number of members made up of members of the Assembly, the State Secretary, the State Legal Adviser and the State Financial Officer.

The Kedah State Executive Council is the executive branch of the State Government of Kedah, Malaysia. The Council is composed of the Menteri Besar, the Leader of the council, appointed by the Sultan on the basis that he/she commands the majority support in the Kedah State Legislative Assembly,. The State Government of Kedah is also assisted by the State Secretary, the State Legal Adviser and the State Financial Officer.

The Perak State Executive Council is the executive authority of the Government of Perak, Malaysia. The council comprises the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Sultan on the basis that he is able to command a majority in the Perak State Legislative Assembly, a number of members made up of members of the Assembly, the state secretary, the state legal adviser and the state financial officer.

The Malacca State Executive Council is the State Executive Council as executive authority of the Government of Malacca, Malaysia. The Council comprises the Chief Minister, appointed by the Governor on the basis that he is able to command a majority in the Malacca State Legislative Assembly, a number of members made up of members of the Assembly, the State Secretary, the State Legal Adviser and the State Financial Officer.

The Terengganu State Executive Council is the executive authority of the Government of Terengganu, Malaysia. The Council comprises the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Sultan on the basis that he is able to command a majority in the Terengganu State Legislative Assembly, a number of members made up of members of the Assembly, the State Secretary, the State Legal Adviser and the State Financial Officer.

The Constitution of the State of Penang, introduced in 1957, is the fundamental law of the Malaysian state of Penang. The constitution, which came into effect just before the independence of the Malayan Federation from the British Empire, concerns the formation and proceedings of the state government. It also establishes the Governor as the head of state who acts in the discretion of the Chief Minister, the head of government.

The Selangor state government refers to the government authority of the Malaysian state of Selangor. The state government adheres to and is created by both the Malaysian federal Constitution, the supreme law of Malaysia, and the Constitution of the State of Selangor, the supreme law in Selangor. The government of Selangor is based in the state's capital city of Shah Alam.

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Constitution of the State of Penang" (PDF). Penang State Legislative Assembly.
↑ "State polls: Chow sworn in as Penang CM for second term". The Star. 13 August 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
↑ ":: iDirektori : Ketua Jabatan". idirektori.penang.gov.my. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
↑ ":: iDirektori : Penasihat Undang-undang Negeri Pejabat Penasihat Undang-Undang". idirektori.penang.gov.my. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
↑ ":: iDirektori : Ketua Jabatan". idirektori.penang.gov.my. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
↑ "Civil engineer Zaki made Penang deputy CM 1". Free Malaysia Today. 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2018-05-16.
↑ "Penang 'exco 2.0' sworn in, newcomer Rashid and Ramasamy made DCMs". theedgemalaysia.com.
↑ "Guan Eng umum barisan exco negeri". www.malaysiakini.com. 13 March 2008.
↑ Three new faces in Koh's Exco. New Straits Times. 16 December 1999.
↑ Penang gets going almost immediately. New Straits Times. 17 December 1999.
↑ New State Exco Reflects Continuity, Says Koh. New Straits Times. 27 October 1990.

External links

Penang State Government

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[:11-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Constitution of the State of Penang" (PDF). Penang State Legislative Assembly.

[2] "State polls: Chow sworn in as Penang CM for second term". The Star. 13 August 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.

[3] ":: iDirektori : Ketua Jabatan". idirektori.penang.gov.my. Retrieved 2018-05-15.

[4] ":: iDirektori : Penasihat Undang-undang Negeri Pejabat Penasihat Undang-Undang". idirektori.penang.gov.my. Retrieved 2018-05-15.

[5] ":: iDirektori : Ketua Jabatan". idirektori.penang.gov.my. Retrieved 2018-05-15.

[6] "Civil engineer Zaki made Penang deputy CM 1". Free Malaysia Today. 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2018-05-16.

[7] "Penang 'exco 2.0' sworn in, newcomer Rashid and Ramasamy made DCMs". theedgemalaysia.com.

[8] "Guan Eng umum barisan exco negeri". www.malaysiakini.com. 13 March 2008.

[9] Three new faces in Koh's Exco. New Straits Times. 16 December 1999.

[10] Penang gets going almost immediately. New Straits Times. 17 December 1999.

[11] New State Exco Reflects Continuity, Says Koh. New Straits Times. 27 October 1990.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

v t e Malaysian Executive Councils
Federal	Cabinet of Malaysia
State Executive Council	Johor Kedah Kelantan Malacca Negeri Sembilan Pahang Penang Perak Perlis Selangor Terengganu
State Cabinet	Sabah Sarawak