Yellow groove bamboo | |
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P. aureosulcata f. spectabilis | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Clade: | Commelinids |
Order: | Poales |
Family: | Poaceae |
Genus: | Phyllostachys |
Species: | P. aureosulcata |
Binomial name | |
Phyllostachys aureosulcata | |
Phyllostachys aureosulcata | |||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 黃槽竹 | ||||||
Simplified Chinese | 黄槽竹 | ||||||
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Phyllostachys aureosulcata,the yellow groove bamboo,is a species of bamboo native to the Zhejiang Province of China. It is a running bamboo with a distinctive yellow stripe in the culm groove (or sulcus) that is often grown as an ornamental. [1] [2]
This bamboo grows to an expected height of 9 meters (35 feet) with a culm diameter of 4 cm (2.25 inches). [2] In areas where the average winter minimum temperature is above -15°C (5°F),it may grow to a maximum height of 14 meters (46 feet) with a diameter of 6.5 cm (2.6 inches). [3] The typical form of this species has dark green culms with a yellow groove. [1] Culm sheath colors appear purple-green usually striped with yellow. [2] Lower portions of the upright culms occasionally bend in a zigzag pattern. [4]
This bamboo grows in areas ranging from subtropical to warm temperate and tolerates low winter temperatures better than most bamboos,being one of the hardiest bamboos in the genus Phyllostachys . [5] Outside its natural range and areas where the coldest month has mean temperatures of below -4 °C (25 °F),the leaves of P. aureosulcata may not be evergreen and may turn beige and fall off.[ citation needed ]
In areas with severely cold winters (USDA hardiness zone 5 or colder) in the northern parts of the US,northern Asia,and northern Europe,all growth above ground will die back every winter if temperatures remain below -18 °C (0 °F) for extended periods [ citation needed ] but will regrow in the spring to 1.8 to 2.4 meters (6 to 8 feet) tall. [3]
Phyllostachys aureosulcata is a popular bamboo in the warmer areas of the United States,Europe,Asia,and parts of Australia. In China it is cultivated and found in Beijing and the provinces Henan,Jiangsu and Zhejiang. [2]
The culm coloration inspires this bamboo's common name of "yellow groove bamboo" and botanical name of aureosulcata. [6] The all-green cultivar 'Alata' is also known as "crookstem bamboo" due to its characteristic culm bends common to this species. [7]
Cultivated mainly as an ornamental,this species is also among the best for edible shoot production,being free of acrid flavor even when raw. [6] An aggressive spreader,its dense upright growth makes a good hedge or privacy screen. [3] [6]
Several forms and cultivars of this species exist in a variety of culm color patterns. P. aureosulcata f. spectabilis reverses the colors of the typical form with yellow culms and a green sulcus. [4] This form has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [8] The form aureocaulis [9] has all-yellow culms and the cultivar 'Lama Temple' has culms of a brighter yellow that taper more rapidly to a shorter overall height. [10] [11] [12] 'Harbin' has green culms with multiple vertical ridges and irregular streaks of yellow. [13] Culms of 'Harbin Inversa' appear yellow with many thin green streaks,while lacking the ridges characteristic of 'Harbin.' [14] A sport of spectabilis called 'Argus' shares the same robust growth qualities and color as spectabilis but with additional green vertical stripes scattered around the whole circumference of each culm. [12] The all green form 'Alata' lacks any yellow culm coloring. [7] In spring,yellow portions of new aureosulcata culms that receive direct sunlight during the early cool hours of the day can develop a red tint or magenta blush that lasts for a couple months. [4] [10] [11] [12] [14]
New York state and Connecticut have regulations listing Phyllostachys aureosulcata as a prohibited invasive species. [15] [16]
Canna or canna lily is the only genus of flowering plants in the family Cannaceae,consisting of 10 species. All of the genus's species are native to the American tropics and naturalized in Europe,India and Africa in the 1860s. Although they grow native to the tropics,most cultivars have been developed in temperate climates and are easy to grow in most countries of the world,as long as they receive at least 6–8 hours average sunlight during the summer,and are moved to a warm location for the winter. See the Canna cultivar gallery for photographs of Canna cultivars.
Forsythia,is a genus of flowering plants in the olive family Oleaceae. There are about 11 species,mostly native to eastern Asia,but one native to southeastern Europe. Forsythia –also one of the plant's common names –is named after William Forsyth.
Alstroemeria,commonly called the Peruvian lily or lily of the Incas,is a genus of flowering plants in the family Alstroemeriaceae. They are all native to South America,although some have become naturalized in the United States,Mexico,Australia,New Zealand,Madeira and the Canary Islands. Almost all of the species are restricted to one of two distinct centers of diversity;one in central Chile,the other in eastern Brazil. Species of Alstroemeria from Chile are winter-growing plants,while those of Brazil are summer growing. All are long-lived perennials except A. graminea,a diminutive annual from the Atacama Desert of Chile.
Phyllostachys is a genus of Asian bamboo in the grass family. Many of the species are found in central and southern China,with a few species in northern Indochina and in the Himalayas. Some of the species have become naturalized in parts of Asia,Australia,the Americas,and southern Europe.
The blue spruce,also commonly known as green spruce,Colorado spruce,or Colorado blue spruce,is a species of spruce tree. It is native to North America,and is found in USDA growing zones 1 through 7. It is found naturally in Arizona,Colorado,Idaho,New Mexico,Utah and Wyoming. It has been widely introduced elsewhere and is used as an ornamental tree in many places far beyond its native range. The blue spruce has blue-green colored needles and is a coniferous tree.
Phyllostachys nigra,commonly known as black bamboo or purple bamboo,is a species of bamboo,native to Hunan Province of China,and is widely cultivated elsewhere.
×Fatshedera is hybrid genus of flowering plants,common name tree ivy or aralia ivy. It has only one species,×Fatshedera lizei. The hybrid symbol ×in front of the name indicates that this is an inter-generic hybrid,a cross between plants from different genera. The name may be displayed with or without a space after the ×symbol.
Bambusa vulgaris,common bamboo,is an open-clump type bamboo species. It is native to Indochina and to the province of Yunnan in southern China,but it has been widely cultivated in many other places and has become naturalized in several regions. Among bamboo species,it is one of the largest and most easily recognized.
Phyllostachys atrovaginata is a running bamboo with strongly tapered,stiff,upright culms. It may reveal a fragrant scent during warm weather or when vigorously rubbed. The common name of "incense bamboo" comes from the unique aroma. Its culms grow large in diameter relative to height. Maximum height can reach 10 m (33 ft) with a maximum culm diameter of 7.0 cm (2.7 in). This bamboo grows in areas ranging from subtropical to temperate and tolerates winter temperatures down to -23 °C (-10 °F),being a more cold-hardy bamboo. Like water bamboo,the rhizomes and roots of this species also have air canals as an adaptation for living in wet soil. The specific epithet atrovaginata or "dark-sheathed" is inspired from the dark green and deep red wine colors of the culm sheaths. P. atrovaginata has formerly been called Phyllostachys congesta.
The Bambouseraie de Prafrance is a private botanical garden specializing in bamboos,located in Générargues,near Anduze,Gard,Languedoc-Roussillon,France. It is open daily in the warmer months;an admission fee is charged.
Phyllostachys parvifolia is a running bamboo with thick culms that grow tall for a bamboo that endures cold weather.
Phyllostachys edulis,the mōsō bamboo,or tortoise-shell bamboo,or mao zhu,,is a temperate species of giant timber bamboo native to China and Taiwan and naturalised elsewhere,including Japan where it is widely distributed from south of Hokkaido to Kagoshima. The edulis part of the Latin name refers to its edible shoots. This bamboo can reach heights of up to 28 m (92 ft). This particular species of bamboo is the most common species used in the bamboo textile industry of China and other countries,for the production of rayon. Moso is less cold-hardy than many phyllostachys,surviving at a reduced height down to 5 degrees Fahrenheit (-15°C).
Neoregelia spectabilis,the fingernail plant,is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae,native to the South Brazilian rainforest. Growing to 40 cm (16 in) tall by 80 cm (31 in) wide,it produces rosettes of up to 30 red-tipped strap-shaped leaves,the inner leaves coloured red;and,in summer,blue flowers with red or purple bracts.
Cyclamen persicum,the Persian cyclamen,is a species of flowering herbaceous perennial plant growing from a tuber,native to rocky hillsides,shrubland,and woodland up to 1,200 m (3,900 ft) above sea level,from northern Assyria to Lebanon-Syria and the Palestine region. It also grows in Algeria and Tunisia and on the Greek islands of Rhodes,Karpathos,and Crete,where it may have been introduced by monks. Cultivars of this species are the commonly seen florist's cyclamen.
Phyllostachys aurea is a species of bamboo,and is of the 'running bamboo' type,belonging to the diverse Bambuseae tribe. It is native to Fujian and Zhejiang in China. It is commonly known by the names fishpole bamboo,golden bamboo,monk's belly bamboo,and fairyland bamboo (Australia).
Acer palmatum,commonly known as Japanese maple,palmate maple,or smooth Japanese maple (Japanese:irohamomiji,イロハモミジ,or momiji,,is a species of woody plant native to Japan,Korea,China,eastern Mongolia,and southeast Russia. Many different cultivars of this maple have been selected and they are grown worldwide for their large variety of attractive forms,leaf shapes,and spectacular colors.
Phyllostachys virella is a hardy running bamboo with culms that grow thick relative to its height with a subtle scent suggestive of sandalwood.
Fargesia murielae,the umbrella bamboo,is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae. It is a large,clump-forming evergreen bamboo,closely resembling Fargesia nitida in the same genus,but with yellow canes.
Phyllostachys bambusoides,commonly called madake,giant timber bamboo,or Japanese timber bamboo,is a species of flowering plant in the bamboo subfamily of the grass family Poaceae,native to China,and possibly also to Japan.
Phyllostachys vivax,the Chinese timber bamboo,is a species of flowering plant in the bamboo subfamily of the grass family Poaceae,native to China.