Purple-collared woodstar

Last updated

Purple-collared woodstar
Purple-collared Woodstar (Myrtis fanny).jpg
CITES Appendix II (CITES) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Clade: Strisores
Order: Apodiformes
Family: Trochilidae
Tribe: Mellisugini
Genus: Myrtis
Reichenbach, 1854
Species:
M. fanny
Binomial name
Myrtis fanny
(Lesson, 1838)
Myrtis fanny map.svg
Distribution of Myrtis fanny

The purple-collared woodstar (Myrtis fanny) is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is found in Ecuador and Peru. [3] [4]

Contents

Taxonomy and systematics

The exact relationships within the "bee hummingbirds" are uncertain, but the purple-collared woodstar appears to be closely related to the amethyst woodstar (Calliphlox amethystina). [5] It is the only member of its genus and has two subspecies, the nominate M. f. fanny and M. f. megalura. [3]

Description

The purple-collared woodstar is 7.5 to 8 cm (3.0 to 3.1 in) long and weighs 2.3 to 2.5 g (0.081 to 0.088 oz). Both sexes have a short, decurved, black bill. Their upperparts are bronze-green. Males have an iridescent aquamarine gorget with a shiny violet band below it. The rest of the underparts are dirty white. The long forked tail is dusky brown glossed with light green. The female's underparts are buff, with a bit of white on the throat and belly. Its tail is short and rounded; the central pair of feathers are blue-green, the next pair blue-green with black tips, and the rest black with white tips. The two subspecies are alike but for M. f. megalura's longer tail. [5]

Distribution and habitat

The nominate subspecies of purple-collared woodstar is found in western and southern Ecuador and western Peru all the way south to Arequipa Department. M. f. megalura is found in northern Peru from Cajamarca south to Huánuco. The species inhabits open landscapes such as dry coastal scrub, open woodlands, and gardens. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 3,000 m (9,800 ft), though in Ecuador it is mostly found between 1,000 and 2,000 m (3,300 and 6,600 ft). [5]

Behavior

Movement

The movements of the purple-collared woodstar, if any, are not known, but elevational movements are thought to be probable. [5]

Feeding

The purple-collared woodstar feeds on nectar by trap-lining, visiting a circuit of flowering plants. It also feeds on small insects captured on the wing. [5]

Breeding

The purple-collared woodstar breeds between March and June in Ecuador and June to October in Peru. Males make a semicircular courting display flight. Females build a tiny cup nest of plant fibers and spiderweb in a fork of a thin branch. It is typically placed 2 to 4 m (7 to 10 ft) above the ground, but sometimes higher. The female incubates the clutch of two eggs for 15 to 16 days; fledging occurs 19 to 22 days after hatch. [5]

Vocalization

The male purple-collared woodstar makes "a series of twittering 'ti-ti-ti-trl' phrases" at the top of its courtship flight, and at the bottom (mechanically) makes "a remarkable, nasal-sounding 'anh-anh-anh-anh-anh'". In a chase it makes "a fast, high-pitched, descending twittering 'ti-ti-ti-ti'", and another call is "a fast dry 'chi-chi-chi'". [5]

Status

The IUCN has assessed the purple-collared woodstar as being of Least Concern. It has a large range, and though its population size is not known, it is believed to be stable. [1] It is considered common throughout its range and readily accepts human-made landscapes like gardens and cultivated areas. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Long-billed hermit</span> Species of hummingbirdbird

The long-billed hermit is a bird in the family Trochilidae, the hummingbirds. It is found from central Mexico south through Central America, Colombia and Ecuador into Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Purple-throated woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The purple-throated woodstar is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shining sunbeam</span> Species of hummingbird

The shining sunbeam is a species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amethyst woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The amethyst woodstar is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay and has been recorded as a vagrant on Trinidad.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The little woodstar, called estrellita chica in South America, is a Near Threatened species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is found in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gorgeted woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The gorgeted woodstar is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-bellied woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The white-bellied woodstar is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buff-winged starfrontlet</span> Species of hummingbird

The buff-winged starfrontlet is a species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chilean woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The Chilean woodstar is a Critically Endangered species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is the only species placed in the genus Eulidia. It is endemic to Chile though there are unconfirmed reports from southern Peru. The species' name commemorates the English naturalist William Yarrell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amethyst-throated sunangel</span> Species of humminigbird

The amethyst-throated sunangel is a species of hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-throated brilliant</span> Species of hummingbird

The black-throated brilliant is a species of hummingbird in the tribe Heliantheini or subfamily Lesbiinae. It lives in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mountain velvetbreast</span> Species of hummingbird

The mountain velvetbreast is a species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neblina metaltail</span> Species of hummingbird

The neblina metaltail, locally called metalura neblina or colibrí de neblina, is a species of hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slender-tailed woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The slender-tailed woodstar is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is the only species placed in the genus Microstilbon. It is found in Argentina and Bolivia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Short-tailed woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The short-tailed woodstar is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is the only species placed in the genus Myrmia. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Great sapphirewing</span> Species of hummingbird

The great sapphirewing is a species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Purple-backed thornbill</span> Species of hummingbird

The purple-backed thornbill is a species of hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peruvian sheartail</span> Species of hummingbird

The Peruvian sheartail is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is the only species placed in the genus Thaumastura. It is found in Chile, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sparkling-tailed woodstar</span> Species of hummingbird

The sparkling-tailed woodstar, also known as the sparkling-tailed hummingbird, is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is the only species placed in the genus Tilmatura. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peruvian racket-tail</span> Species of hummingbird

The Peruvian racket-tail is a species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

References

  1. 1 2 BirdLife International (2016). "Purple-collared Woodstar Myrtis fanny". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22688241A93188712. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22688241A93188712.en . Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  2. "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. 1 2 Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2022). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List. v 12.1. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  4. HBW and BirdLife International (2020) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip [.xls zipped 1 MB] retrieved 27 May 2021
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Schuchmann, K.L. and P. F. D. Boesman (2020). Purple-collared Woodstar (Myrtis fanny), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pucwoo1.01 retrieved July 23, 2022