Saccharum

Last updated

Saccharum
Saccharum officinarum - Kohler-s Medizinal-Pflanzen-125.jpg
Saccharum officinarum [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Supertribe: Andropogonodae
Tribe: Andropogoneae
Subtribe: Saccharinae
Genus: Saccharum
L.
Type species
Saccharum officinarum
Synonyms [4]
  • ErianthusMichx.
  • NarengaBor
  • SacchariferaStokes
  • SyllepisE.Fourn.

Saccharum is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. [5]

Contents

The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted oceanic islands. Several species are cultivated and naturalized in areas outside their native habitats. [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]

Saccharum includes the sugarcanes. They have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are generally rich in sugar, and measure two to six m (6 to 19 ft) tall. All sugarcane species interbreed and the major commercial cultivars are complex hybrids.

Species

As of September 2021, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: [4]

Placed in Lasiorhachis by Plants of the World Online as of September 2021: [14]

Placed in Tripidium by Plants of the World Online as of September 2021: [15]

Formerly included

Numerous species are now considered better suited in other genera: Andropogon, Chloris, Digitaria, Eriochrysis, Eulalia, Gynerium, Hemarthria, Imperata, Lophopogon, Melinis, Miscanthus, Panicum, Pappophorum, Paspalum, Perotis, Pogonatherum, Pseudopogonatherum, Spodiopogon, and Tricholaena . [6]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Cortaderia</i> Genus of grasses

Cortaderia is a genus of South American and Central American plants in the Poaceae grass family.

<i>Calamagrostis</i> Genus of grasses

Calamagrostis is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family Poaceae, with about 260 species that occur mainly in temperate regions of the globe. Towards equatorial latitudes, species of Calamagrostis generally occur at higher elevations. These tufted perennials usually have hairless narrow leaves. The ligules are usually blunt. The inflorescence forms a panicle. Some may be reed-like.

<i>Helictotrichon</i> Genus of grasses

Helictotrichon, or alpine oatgrass, is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the grass family. The genus name comes from the Greek heliktos meaning twisted, and trichos meaning hair, referring to the shape of the awn.

<i>Elymus</i> (plant) Genus of grasses

Elymus is a genus of perennial plants with approximately 150 species in the grass family, related to rye, wheat, and other widely grown cereal grains.

<i>Polypogon</i> Genus of grasses

Polypogon is a nearly cosmopolitan genus of plants in the grass family, commonly known beard grass or rabbitsfoot grass.

<i>Imperata</i> Genus of grasses

Imperata is a small but widespread genus of tropical and subtropical grasses, commonly known as satintails.

<i>Themeda</i> Genus of grasses

Themeda is a genus of plants in the grass family native to Asia, Africa, Australia, and Papuasia. There are about 18 to 26 species, many of which are native to Southeast Asia.

<i>Leersia</i> Genus of plants

Leersia is a genus of plants in the grass family which includes species known generally as cutgrasses.

<i>Perotis</i> (plant) Genus of grasses

Perotis is a genus of Asian, African, and Australian plants in the grass family.

Apocopis is a genus of Asian plants in the grass family, widespread in China, the Indian Subcontinent, and Southeast Asia, including several species endemic to Myanmar (Burma).

<i>Coelorachis</i> Genus of grasses

Coelorachis is a genus of plants in the grass family, widespread across much of Asia, Africa, Australia and the Americas.

<i>Schizachyrium</i> Genus of grasses

Schizachyrium is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek words σχίζειν, meaning "to split," and ἄχυρον, meaning "chaff." It refers to either the glume or the toothed lemmas.

<i>Eragrostiella</i> Genus of grasses

Eragrostiella is a genus of Asian, African, and Australian plants in the grass family.

<i>Hemarthria</i> Genus of grasses

Hemarthria is a genus of herbaceous plants in the grass family. They occur in the tropical and subtropical Old World, especially in China and Southeast Asia, with some species in Africa, Australia, and Southern Europe. They may be known generally as jointgrasses.

<i>Tripidium</i>

Tripidium is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Spain, Morocco, Korea and New Guinea. The genus name was first published by Hildemar Wolfgang Scholz in 2006 as a replacement for the illegitimate name Ripidium.

Trisetopsis is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Poaceae.

References

  1. 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
  2. lectotype designated by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot. 119 (1929)
  3. Tropicos, Saccharum L.
  4. 1 2 "Saccharum L.". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-05.
  5. Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 54 in Latin
  6. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  7. Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 576 甘蔗属 gan zhe shu Saccharum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 54. 1753.
  8. Flora of Pakistan, Saccharum Linn., Sp. Pl. 1: 54. 1753. Gen. Pl., ed. 5; 28.1754
  9. Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  10. Catasus Guerra, L. 1997. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, I. Fontqueria 46: [i–ii], 1–259.
  11. Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl. 1994. 146. Saccharum L. 6: 378–379. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  12. Phillips, S. 1995. Poaceae (Gramineae). Flora of Ethiopia 7: i–xx, 1–420.
  13. Welker, C. A. D. & H. M. Longhi-Wagner. 2012. The genera Eriochrysis P. Beauv., Imperata Cirillo and Saccharum L. (Poaceae - Andropogoneae - Saccharinae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Botany 35(1): 87–105.
  14. "Lasiorhachis (Hack.) Stapf". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-05.
  15. "Tripidium H.Scholz". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2021-09-04.