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The Telengit language can be divided into two main dialects, the Telengit-Teles and Chui dialects.
The Telengit-Teles dialet can be subdivided in to the following subdialects:
Balyktuyul
Kara-Kudyur
Chibilin
Saratan-Yazulin
Saratan
Yuzulin
Cholushman
Chibit
Comparison with standard Altai
The Telengit language differs from the literary form of the Altai language in phonetics and morphology.
Instead of the initial [ш], [ч] is used. For example, Telengit "чирдек", Altay: ширдек, English: felt carpet. Also, in the roots of words, [ш] is used instead of [ч] (Telengit "тепчи", Altay: тепши, English: bowl).[3]
The sounds [ф], [в], [ш], [ж], [щ], [ц] are not native Telengit and are found mainly in borrowings from the Russian language.[1]
Alphabet
An alphabet for the Ulagan dialect was proposed in 2016.[4]
[Baskakov 1965-1966] (ru) Н.A. Баскаков (2 volumes), « Диалект чернёвых татар (туба-кижи) », dans Северные диалекты алтаиского (ойротского) языка, Moscou, Nauka, 1965–1966
Алмадакова, Н. Д. (2016). Язык теленгитов: очерки по фонетике и морфологии в сопоставительном аспекте (in Russian). Горно-Алтайск. Almadakova2016.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
[Almadakova 2017b] (ru) Н. Д. Алмадакова, « Фонетический строй диалектов алтайского языка и вопросы алфавита литературного алтайского языка », dans Актуальные вопросы современной филологии: теоретические проблемы и прикладные аспекты: Материалы международной научно-практической конференции. ІХ Багизбаевские чтения. ‒ Алматы, 28 апреля 2017, Алматы, Қазақ университеті, 2017 (ISBN 978-601-04-2350-3, lire en ligne), p. 37-40
Kalmyk Oirat, commonly known as the Kalmyk language, is a variety of the Mongolian language, natively spoken by the Kalmyk people of Kalmykia, a federal subject of Russia. In Russia, it is the standard form of the Oirat Mongolian, which belongs to the Mongolic language family. The Kalmyk people of the Northwest Caspian Sea of Russia claim descent from the Oirats from Eurasia, who have also historically settled in Mongolia and Northwest China. According to UNESCO, the language is "definitely endangered". According to the Russian census of 2021, there are 110,000 speakers out of an ethnic population consisting of 178,000 people.
Altai is a set of Turkic languages spoken officially in the Altai Republic, Russia. The standard vocabulary is based on the Southern Altai language, though it is also taught to and used by speakers of the Northern Altai language as well. Gorno–Altai refers to a subgroup of languages in the Altai Mountains. The languages were called Oyrot (ойрот) prior to 1948.
Telengits or Telengut are a Turkic ethnic group belonging to minor indigenous peoples. They mainly live on the territory of the Kosh-Agach district of the Altai Republic.
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Northern Altai or Northern Altay is the several tribal moribund Turkic dialects spoken in the Altai Republic of Russia. Though traditionally considered one language, Southern Altai and the Northern varieties are not fully mutually intelligible. Written Altai is based on Southern Altai, and is rejected by Northern Altai children.
Southern Altai is a Turkic language spoken in the Altai Republic, a federal subject of Russia located in Southern Siberia on the border with Mongolia and China. The language has some mutual intelligibility with the Northern Altai language, leading to the two being traditionally considered as a single language. According to modern classifications—at least since the middle of the 20th century—they are considered to be two separate languages.
The Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages: Proto-Slavic Lexical Stock is an etymological dictionary of the reconstructed Proto-Slavic lexicon. It has been continuously published since 1974 until present, in 43 volumes, making it one of the most comprehensive in the world.
Siberian Tatar is a Turkic language spoken by about 140,000 people in Western Siberia, Russia, primarily in the oblasts of Tyumen, Novosibirsk, Omsk but also in Tomsk and Kemerovo. According to Marcel Erdal, due to its particular characteristics, Siberian Tatar can be considered as a bridge to Siberian Turkic languages.
The Kumandin language is a Turkic language spoken in the Altai Republic in Russia, spoken by the Kumandins, who name themselves "Kumandi-Kiji". It was formerly counted as a dialect of Altai, but it is more modernly seen as a separate language, with differing curricula from it and Chelkan, which also comprises the Northern Altai language.
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Udege alphabets are the alphabets used to write the Udege language. During its existence, it functioned on different graphic bases and was repeatedly reformed. Currently, the Udege script functions on two versions of the Cyrillic alphabet for two emerging literary languages, but does not have a generally accepted norm. There are 2 stages in the history of Udege writing:
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