1368

1368 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1368 MCCCLXVIII
Ab urbe condita	2121
Armenian calendar	817 ԹՎ ՊԺԷ
Assyrian calendar	6118
Balinese saka calendar	1289–1290
Bengali calendar	774–775
Berber calendar	2318
English Regnal year	41  Edw. 3  – 42  Edw. 3
Buddhist calendar	1912
Burmese calendar	730
Byzantine calendar	6876–6877
Chinese calendar	丁未年 (Fire  Goat) 4065 or 3858     — to — 戊申年 (Earth  Monkey) 4066 or 3859
Coptic calendar	1084–1085
Discordian calendar	2534
Ethiopian calendar	1360–1361
Hebrew calendar	5128–5129
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1424–1425
- Shaka Samvat	1289–1290
- Kali Yuga	4468–4469
Holocene calendar	11368
Igbo calendar	368–369
Iranian calendar	746–747
Islamic calendar	769–770
Japanese calendar	Jōji 7 / Ōan 1 (応安元年)
Javanese calendar	1281–1282
Julian calendar	1368 MCCCLXVIII
Korean calendar	3701
Minguo calendar	544 before ROC 民前544年
Nanakshahi calendar	−100
Thai solar calendar	1910–1911
Tibetan calendar	མེ་མོ་ལུག་ལོ་ (female Fire-Sheep) 1494 or 1113 or 341     — to — ས་ཕོ་སྤྲེ་ལོ་ (male Earth-Monkey) 1495 or 1114 or 342

1368 ( MCCCLXVIII ) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–December

• January 23 – The Hongwu Emperor (Zhu Yuanzhang) establishes the Ming dynasty in China, after the disintegration of the Mongol Yuan dynasty. The new dynasty will last until 1644. The Emperor immediately orders every county magistrate to set up four granaries, and halts government taxation on books. ^[1]
• March 29 – Emperor Chōkei accedes to the throne of Japan. ^[2]

Date unknown

• The Revolt of Saint Titus against rule of the Republic of Venice in the Kingdom of Candia (island of Crete) ends in failure. ^[3]
• Durrës, the second-largest city in modern-day Albania (at this time known as Dyrrhachium), is captured from the Angevins by Karl Thopia, a powerful feudal prince and warlord. ^[4]
• Lațcu, son of Bogdan I, deposes his nephew Petru I, and becomes voivode of Moldavia. (Other sources state that Lațcu had succeeded his father Bogdan in 1367). ^[5]
• Timur ascends the throne of Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan). ^[6]
• Maha Thammaracha II becomes ruler of the Sukhothai Kingdom (in modern-day northern Thailand) after the death of Maha Thammaracha I. ^[7]
• Work begins on the surviving Great Wall of China. ^[8]
• Mikhail Aleksandrovich becomes the sole ruler of Tver (in modern-day western Russia), after the death of co-ruler and rival Vasiliy Mikhailovich of Kashin. ^[9]
• Moscow attacks Tver, which counter-attacks with the aid of Lithuania and the Blue Horde. ^[10]
• The King of Norway sends the last Royal Ship from Norway to the Greenland Eastern Settlement. This event is part of both the Norse colonization of the Americas, and of the History of Greenland.
• A peace treaty is signed between Norway and the Hanseatic League.
• The Bibliothèque nationale de France (National Library of France) is founded as the Royal Library at the Louvre Palace in Paris, by Charles V of France. ^[11]
• Petrarch concludes writing the sequence of Italian sonnets and other poems known as Il Canzoniere . ^[12]

Births

• February 14 – Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1437)
• December 3 – King Charles VI of France (d. 1422) ^[13]
• probable
  • Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1447)
  • Ida de Grey, Cambro-Norman noble (d. 1426)
  • Pope Martin V (d. 1431) ^[14]
  • Thomas Hoccleve, English poet (d. 1426)

Deaths

• March 29 – Emperor Go-Murakami of Japan (b. 1328)
• August 25 – Andrea Orcagna, Italian painter, sculptor and architect
• September 12 – Blanche of Lancaster, English duchess, spouse of John of Gaunt (b. 1345)
• October 7 – Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, son of Edward III of England (b. 1338)
• undated– Maha Thammaracha I, Thai ruler of the Sukhothai Kingdom and Buddhist philosopher (b. c.1300)
• probable– Ibn Battuta, Arabian traveler

References

1. Langlois, John D (1988). "The Hung-wu reign, 1368–1398". In Mote, Frederick W.; Twitchett, Denis C(eds.). The Cambridge History of China Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 111. ISBN   0521243327.
2. Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 158.
3. McKee, Sally (December 1994), "The Revolt of St Tito in fourteenth-century Venetian Crete: A reassessment", Mediterranean Historical Review, 9(2): 173–204, doi:10.1080/09518969408569670
4. Fine 1994, pp. 372–373: "Karlo entered into close relations with Venice, which granted him Venetian citizenship and called him Prince of Albania."
5. Sălăgean, Tudor (2006). "Romanian society in the early Middle Ages". In Ioan-Aurel, Pop (ed.). History of Romania: Compendium. Romanian Cultural Institute (Center for Transylvanian Studies). p. 201. ISBN   978-973-7784-12-4.
6. Shahane, Girish (28 December 2016). "Counterview: Taimur's actions were uniquely horrific in Indian history". Scroll.in. Archived from the original on 9 November 2017. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
7. Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press, pp.  219–220 . ISBN ISBN   978-0-8248-0368-  Parameter error in {{ISBN}}: length1.
8. Mote, Frederick W. (1999), Imperial China: 900-1800, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, ISBN   978-0-674-01212-7, p. 563.
9. Martin, Janet (2007). Medieval Russia: 980–1584. Second Edition. E-book. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-511-36800-4
10. Batūra, Romas (2013). "Algirdo žygiai į Maskvą 1368 1370, 1372". In Zikaras, Karolis (ed.). Žymiausi Lietuvos mūšiai ir karinės operacijos (in Lithuanian) (2nd ed.). Vilnius: Alio. pp. 46–49. ISBN   978-9986-827-05-4.
11. David A. Hanser (2006). Architecture of France. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 115.
12. 'Introduction' to Canzoniere, translated by Anthony Mortimer (London: Penguin, 2002), xiv.
13. "Charles VI | king of France". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
14. "Martin V | pope". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved May 6, 2019.