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1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1881st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 881st year of the 2nd millennium, the 81st year of the 19th century, and the 2nd year of the 1880s decade. As of the start of 1881, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Richard D'Oyly Carte was an English talent agent, theatrical impresario, composer, and hotelier during the latter half of the Victorian era. He built two of London's theatres and a hotel empire, while also establishing an opera company that ran continuously for over a hundred years and a management agency representing some of the most important artists of the day.
Przewalski's horse, also called the takhi, Mongolian wild horse or Dzungarian horse, is a rare and endangered horse originally native to the steppes of Central Asia. It is named after the Russian geographer and explorer Nikolay Przhevalsky. Once extinct in the wild, since the 1990s it has been reintroduced to its native habitat in Mongolia in the Khustain Nuruu National Park, Takhin Tal Nature Reserve, and Khomiin Tal, as well as several other locales in Central Asia and Eastern Europe.
The Savoy Theatre is a West End theatre in the Strand in the City of Westminster, London, England. The theatre was designed by C. J. Phipps for Richard D'Oyly Carte and opened on 10 October 1881 on a site previously occupied by the Savoy Palace. Its intended purpose was to showcase the popular series of comic operas of Gilbert and Sullivan, which became known as the Savoy operas.
Clément Ader was a French inventor and engineer who was born near Toulouse in Muret, Haute-Garonne, and died in Toulouse. He is remembered primarily for his pioneering work in aviation. In 1870 he was also one of the pioneers in the sport of cycling in France.
The year 1861 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
The wild horse is a species of the genus Equus, which includes as subspecies the modern domesticated horse as well as the endangered Przewalski's horse. The European wild horse, also known as the tarpan, that went extinct in the late 19th or early 20th century has previously been treated as the nominate subspecies of wild horse, Equus ferus ferus, but more recent studies have cast doubt on whether tarpans were truly wild or if they actually were feral horses or hybrids.
Richard Barker Cobb Temple was an English opera singer, actor and stage director, best known for his performances in the bass-baritone roles in the famous series of Gilbert and Sullivan comic operas.
Leonora Braham was an English opera singer and actress primarily known as the creator of principal soprano roles in the Gilbert and Sullivan comic operas.
Charles Courtice Pounds, better known by the stage name Courtice Pounds, was an English singer and actor known for his performances in the tenor roles of the Savoy Operas with the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company and his later roles in Shakespeare plays and Edwardian musical comedies.
Fred Billington was an English singer and actor, best known for his performances in baritone roles of the Savoy Operas with the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company. His career with the company began in 1879 and continued with brief interruptions until his death in 1917.
Rupert D'Oyly Carte was an English hotelier, theatre owner and impresario, best known as proprietor of the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company and Savoy Hotel from 1913 to 1948.
W. H. Denny was an English singer and actor in comic operas, operettas and musical theatre. He is best remembered for his portrayal of baritone roles in the Savoy operas.
Helen Carte Boulter, also known as Helen Lenoir, was a Scottish businesswoman known for her diplomatic skills and grasp of detail. Beginning as his secretary, and later marrying, impresario and hotelier Richard D'Oyly Carte, she is best remembered for her stewardship of the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company and Savoy Hotel from the end of the 19th century into the early 20th century.
Events from the year 1881 in the United Kingdom.
Théâtrophone was a telephonic distribution system available in portions of Europe that allowed the subscribers to listen to opera and theatre performances over the telephone lines. The théâtrophone evolved from a Clément Ader invention, which was first demonstrated in 1881, in Paris. Subsequently, in 1890, the invention was commercialized by Compagnie du Théâtrophone, which continued to operate until 1932.
Julia Gwynne was an English opera singer and actress best remembered for her performances with the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company from 1879 to 1883. She married producer George Edwardes.
William Arthur Law, better known as Arthur Law, was an English playwright, actor and scenic designer.
References
- ↑ "THE GREAT COMET OF 1881". The South Australian Advertiser ( Adelaide, South Australia). 8 June 1881. letter from C. Todd
- ↑ "Przewalski's horse". TAKH. 2009. Archived from the original on 2012-03-02. Retrieved 2011-11-03.
- ↑ Hellemans, Alexander; Bunch, Bryan (1988). The Timetables of Science. Simon & Schuster. p. 304. ISBN 0671621300.
- ↑ with; Moritz Brauer, Friedrich (1882). "Beiträge zur Gräberfauna" ["Contributions on the fauna of graves"]". Verh. k. & k. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 31: 207–210.
- ↑ Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Archaeological Society5:5–21.
- ↑ Newcomb, Simon (1881). "Note on the frequency of use of the different digits in natural numbers". American Journal of Mathematics . 4: 39–40. doi:10.2307/2369148. JSTOR 2369148.
- ↑ Chaves, Carballo E. (2005). "Carlos Finlay and yellow fever: triumph over adversity". Military Medicine. 170: 881–5. doi: 10.7205/milmed.170.10.881 . PMID 16435764.
- ↑ Dunn, P. M. (2002). "Stéphane Tarnier (1828–1897), the architect of perinatology in France". Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 86 (2): F137–9. doi:10.1136/fn.86.2.f137. PMC 1721389 . PMID 11882561.
- ↑ Tay, Waren (1881). "Symmetrical changes in the region of the yellow spot in each eye of an infant". Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society. 1: 55–57.
- ↑ Booth, Jeremy (1977). "A short history of blood pressure measurement". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 70 (11): 793–9. doi:10.1177/003591577707001112. PMC 1543468 . PMID 341169.
- ↑ Borvon, Gérard (March 2008). "Dans les coulisses du Congrès international des électriciens de 1881". Histoire de l'électricité et du magnetisme. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
- 1 2 Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History . London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 434–435. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ↑ "The Siemens tram from past to present" (PDF). Siemens. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2011-06-16.
- ↑ "Chronomedia: 1880-1884". Terra Media. 2005-11-20. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
- ↑ Lange, A. (2002-03-31). "Le Premier Medium Electrique De Diffusion Culturelle: Le Theatrophone De Clement Ader (1881)". Histoire de la télévision. Archived from the original on 2015-12-20. Retrieved 2007-11-21.
- ↑ "The Telephone at the Paris Opera". Scientific American : 422–23. 1881-12-31. Archived from the original on 2021-02-25.
- ↑ Crook, Tim (1999). Radio drama: Theory and practice. Psychology Press. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-0-415-21603-6.
- ↑ "Godalming Power Station". Engineering Timelines. Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
- ↑ "The Savoy Theatre". The Times . London. 1881-10-03. p. 7.
- ↑ Burgess, Michael (January 1975). "Richard D'Oyly Carte". The Savoyard: 7–11.
- ↑ "Savoy Theatre". The Times. 1881-12-29. p. 4. Retrieved 2012-01-30.
- ↑ "Beginnings of submerged arc welding" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.
- ↑ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- ↑ Marcel Golay:Alfred Gautier in German , French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland .