744

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Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
744 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 744
DCCXLIV
Ab urbe condita 1497
Armenian calendar 193
ԹՎ ՃՂԳ
Assyrian calendar 5494
Balinese saka calendar 665–666
Bengali calendar 151
Berber calendar 1694
Buddhist calendar 1288
Burmese calendar 106
Byzantine calendar 6252–6253
Chinese calendar 癸未年 (Water  Goat)
3441 or 3234
     to 
甲申年 (Wood  Monkey)
3442 or 3235
Coptic calendar 460–461
Discordian calendar 1910
Ethiopian calendar 736–737
Hebrew calendar 4504–4505
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 800–801
 - Shaka Samvat 665–666
 - Kali Yuga 3844–3845
Holocene calendar 10744
Iranian calendar 122–123
Islamic calendar 126–127
Japanese calendar Tenpyō 16
(天平16年)
Javanese calendar 638–639
Julian calendar 744
DCCXLIV
Korean calendar 3077
Minguo calendar 1168 before ROC
民前1168年
Nanakshahi calendar −724
Seleucid era 1055/1056 AG
Thai solar calendar 1286–1287
Tibetan calendar 阴水羊年
(female Water-Goat)
870 or 489 or −283
     to 
阳木猴年
(male Wood-Monkey)
871 or 490 or −282
The Umayyad Caliphate (661-750) Umayyad750ADloc.png
The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750)

Year 744 ( DCCXLIV ) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 744 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

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  • Wat's Dyke, a 40 mile (64 km) earthwork in present-day Wales, is constructed. The border between Mercia and Powys is set here. The date that Wat's Dyke was constructed is very uncertain, with some estimates linking the construction of the dyke to the 5th century and others to the early 9th century (approximate date).

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Dirham of caliph Ibrahim ibn al-Walid. He ruled the caliphate for just two months Dihrem of Ibrahim ibn al-Walid.jpg
Dirham of caliph Ibrahim ibn al-Walid. He ruled the caliphate for just two months

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Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">8th century</span> One hundred years, from 701 to 800

The 8th century is the period from 701 through 800 (DCCC) in accordance with the Julian Calendar.

The 740s decade ran from January 1, 740, to December 31, 749.

The 730s decade ran from January 1, 730, to December 31, 739.

The 720s decade ran from January 1, 720, to December 31, 729.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">742</span> Calendar year

Year 742 (DCCXLII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 742nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 742nd year of the 1st millennium, the 42nd year of the 8th century, and the 3rd year of the 740s decade. The denomination 742 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">743</span> Calendar year

Year 743 (DCCXLIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 743 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik</span> Umayyad caliph from 715 to 717

Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was the seventh Umayyad caliph, ruling from 715 until his death. He was the son of Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (r. 685–705) and Wallada bint al-Abbas. He began his career as governor of Palestine, while his father Abd al-Malik and brother al-Walid I reigned as caliphs. There, the theologian Raja ibn Haywa al-Kindi mentored him, and he forged close ties with Yazid ibn al-Muhallab, a major opponent of al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, al-Walid's powerful viceroy of Iraq and the eastern Caliphate. Sulayman resented al-Hajjaj's influence over his brother. As governor, Sulayman founded the city of Ramla and built the White Mosque in it. The new city superseded Lydda as the district capital of Palestine. Lydda was at least partly destroyed and its inhabitants may have been forcibly relocated to Ramla, which developed into an economic hub, became home to many Muslim scholars, and remained the commercial and administrative center of Palestine until the 11th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yazid II</span> Umayyad caliph from 720 to 724

Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, commonly known as Yazid II, was the ninth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 720 until his death in 724. Although he lacked administrative or military experience, he derived prestige from his lineage, being a descendant of both ruling branches of the Umayyad dynasty, the Sufyanids who founded the Umayyad Caliphate in 661 and the Marwanids who succeeded them in 684. He was designated by his half-brother, Caliph Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik, as second-in-line to the succession after their cousin Umar, as a compromise with the sons of Abd al-Malik.

Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was the tenth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 724 until his death in 743.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Al-Walid II</span> Umayyad caliph from 743 to 744

Al-Walid ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik, commonly known as al-Walid II, was the eleventh Umayyad caliph, ruling from 743 until his assassination in 744. He succeeded his uncle, Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marwan II</span> Umayyad caliph from 744 to 750

Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan, commonly known as Marwan II, was the fourteenth and last caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 744 until his death. His reign was dominated by a civil war, and he was the last Umayyad ruler to rule the united Caliphate before the Abbasid Revolution toppled the Umayyad dynasty.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hildeprand</span> King of the Lombards from 735 to 744

Hildeprand, sometimes called the Useless, was the king of the Lombards from around 735 in association with his uncle, Liutprand. After Liutprand's death in 744, Hildeprand ruled in his own name until he was overthrown later that year by Ratchis, duke of Friuli.

Hanzala ibn Safwan al-Kalbi was an Umayyad governor of Egypt from 721 to 724 and again 737 to 742, and subsequently governor of Ifriqiya from 742 to 745.

Sulaymān ibn Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik was an Arab general, the son of the Umayyad Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik. He is known for his participation in the expeditions against the Byzantine Empire as well as his prominent role in the civil wars that occurred during the last years of the Umayyad Caliphate. Defeated by Marwan II, he fled to India, where he died.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Third Fitna</span> 744–750 civil war in the Umayyad Caliphate

The Third Fitna, was a series of civil wars and uprisings against the Umayyad Caliphate. It began with a revolt against Caliph al-Walid II in 744, and lasted until 747, when Marwan II emerged as the victor. The war exacerbated internal tensions, especially the Qays–Yaman rivalry, and the temporary collapse of Umayyad authority opened the way for Kharijite and other anti-Umayyad revolts. The last and most successful of these was the Abbasid Revolution, which began in Khurasan in 747, and ended with the overthrow of the Umayyad Caliphate and the establishment of the Abbasid Caliphate in 750.

Sa'id ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, also known as Saʿīd al-Khayr, was an Umayyad prince and governor.

Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was an Umayyad prince, the son of Caliph Abd al-Malik, who played a role in the intra-dynastic politics of the Umayyad Caliphate, including the Third Muslim Civil War and the succession of Caliph Marwan II. He served as Marwan II's governor of Mecca, Medina and Ta'if in 747/48 and was executed by the Abbasids in the massacre of the Umayyads at Nahr Abi Futrus in Palestine in 750.

Yazīd ibn Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, commonly known as al-Afqam, was an Umayyad prince who played military and political roles during the reign of his father, Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, and during the reigns of his own cousins, caliphs al-Walid II and Yazid III.

Saʿīd ibn Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik was an Umayyad prince and commander who participated in the Arab–Byzantine wars and the Third Muslim Civil War, often in association with his brother, Sulayman ibn Hisham. For revolting against Caliph Marwan II, he was imprisoned in 746, and he died trying to escape.

References

  1. Wickham 1981, p. 221.
  2. Hallenbeck 1982, p. 51.
  3. Dionysius of Telmahre apud Hoyland, 661 n 193
  4. Costambeys, "Abel (fl. 744–747)"
  5. Letter by Pope Zacharias to Boniface, dated Nov. 5, 744, ed. Tangl (no.58), tr. Emerton.

Sources