British Rail Class 14

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British Rail Class 14
BR (Swindon) Type 1 D9528 (8227326967).jpg
D9528 at Cardiff in 1965
Type and origin
Power typeDiesel-hydraulic
Builder British Railways' Swindon Works
Order numberSwindon Lots 456 and 460
Build date1964–1965
Total produced56
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 •  Whyte 0-6-0DH
 •  UIC C
Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Wheel diameter4 ft 0 in (1.219 m)
Minimum curve 2 chains (40.23  m) [1]
Wheelbase 15 ft 6 in (4.724 m) [1]
Length34 ft 7 in (10.541 m) over buffers [1]
Width8 ft 7.5 in (2.629 m) [1]
Height13 ft 0 in (3.962 m) [1]
Loco weight48.5 long tons (49.3  t; 54.3 short tons)
Fuel capacity338 imp gal (1,540 L; 406 US gal) [1]
Prime mover Paxman Ventura 6YJXL
Transmission Voith L217U hydraulic
Train brakes Vacuum
Performance figures
Maximum speed40 mph (64 km/h) [2]
Power outputEngine: 650  hp (485  kW) @1,500 rpm [1]
At Rail at 6.5 mph (10.5 km/h): 388.5  hp (290  kW) [1]
Tractive effort Maximum at 27.6% adhesion: 30,910  lbf (137.5  kN) [1]
Continuous at 6.2 mph (10.0 km/h): 23,500  lbf (104.5  kN) [1]
Career
Operators British Rail
British Steel Corporation
National Coal Board
NumbersD9500–D9555
NicknamesTeddy Bear
Axle load class
Disposition19 preserved, 5 exported, 32 scrapped

The British Rail Class 14 is a type of small diesel-hydraulic locomotive built in the mid-1960s. Twenty-six of these 0-6-0 locomotives were ordered in January 1963, to be built at British Railways' Swindon Works. The anticipated work for this class was trip working movements between local yards and short-distance freight trains. [2] The good all-around visibility from the cab and dual controls also made them capable of being used for shunting duties. The order was expanded from 26 to 56 in mid-1963, before work had started on the first order. They were numbered D9500-D9555. [5]

Contents

Technical details

In July 1964, the first of a class of 56 locomotives appeared from Swindon Works. [2] These were later designated as TOPS Class 14 by British Railways. They are known as 'Teddy Bears' by enthusiasts, following a comment by Swindon Works' erecting shop foreman George Cole who quipped "We've built The Great Bear, now we're going to build a 'Teddy Bear'!" [6]

In outline they have a cab offset from the centre with bonnets at each end, with a fixed 0-6-0 wheel configuration rather than bogies as seen on all the other Type 1 classes. The locomotives were powered by a Paxman 6-cylinder Ventura 6YJXL engine with a Napier turbocharger producing 650  bhp (485  kW ), connected to a Voith L217U hydraulic transmission and Hunslet final drive. [1] The axles were connected by coupling rods and driven by a jackshaft located under the cab, between the second and third axles. The plate frames were of 11⁄4 inch steel and deep buffer beams almost to rail level. One was of similar thickness to the frames, the other of 5 inch thick steel to act as ballast and to even out weight distribution. [2]

Operations and preservation

Originally all were allocated to depots on the Western Region of British Railways, but in January 1967 twenty were sent to Hull (Dairycoates) on the Eastern Region (ER), followed by thirteen more later the same year. At Hull they were intended for work around the docks, but the tasks were beyond the capabilities of a single locomotive; and since two locomotives required two sets of crew, they were not popular with the region. In 1968, all 33 ER locomotives were placed in storage, and were subsequently withdrawn on 1 April that year. [7]

The Class 14s, like many other early diesel types, had an extremely short life with British Railways – in this case not because of poor reliability, but because many of its envisaged duties disappeared on the BR network as a result of the Beeching cuts. [8] BR started to dispose of members of the class from mid 1968, and the entire class had been sold to industry or scrapped by the end of 1970. In their new careers in industry, many had a working life two to three times longer than that with British Railways. The industries in which they were employed, such as coal mining, declined during the 1970s and the class again became surplus to requirements. Several have since found a third lease of life on preserved lines where they are ideal for both light passenger work and with works trains on the maintenance of permanent way.

D9555 and D9520 run round their train at Rawtenstall on the East Lancashire Railway during the Class 14 at 50 Gala in July 2014 26I07I2014 ELR Class 14s @ 50 Gala A1.jpg
D9555 and D9520 run round their train at Rawtenstall on the East Lancashire Railway during the Class 14 at 50 Gala in July 2014

Unusually, D9504 was leased in 2005 from its preservation group and found itself in revenue-earning service on the newest mainline in the UK – High Speed 1 (known as the Channel Tunnel Rail Link during construction) – mainly in marshalling and stabling the 450 metre, 22-wagon concrete-pumping train on the final stretch to St. Pancras Station. [9]

D9524 was re-engined under the ownership of BP Grangemouth. It was later re-engined again under the ownership of the Scottish RPS who, following BR practice, gave it the number 14901. It now operates with a Rolls-Royce DV8TCE (640 bhp) power unit. [10]

The last of the class to be built, D9555, was the final locomotive constructed for British Railways at Swindon Works, in 1965; today it is privately owned and operates on the Dean Forest Railway, Gloucestershire – its original route.

In July 2014, the East Lancashire Railway hosted ten preserved members of the class as a celebration of the 50 years since their entry into service. [11]

Fleet

Distribution of locomotives,
July/October 1967 [12]
United Kingdom England adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
50B
Red pog.svg
82A
Red pog.svg
86A
Red pog.svg
87E
CodeNameQuantity
50B Hull (Dairycoates) 25
82A Bristol Bath Road 6
86A Cardiff Canton 17
87E Landore 8
Total:56
Key:PreservedScrappedExported
LocoFinal depotIndustrial careerIndustrial Number [1] DatesDisposal
D950086ANCB Ashington [13] 111/69–?Preserved at Peak Rail
D950186A—–—Scrapped at C F Booth, Rotherham (June 1968) [14]
D950286ANCB Ashington [13] –07/69–?Preserved at East Lancs Railway
D950350BBSC Harlaxton
BSC Corby Steelworks 		6511/68–07/74
07/74–09/80		Scrapped at BSC Corby (09/80)
D950450BNCB Lambton [1]
NCB Philadelphia
NCB Bolden
NCB Burradon
NCB Ashington [13] 		–11/68–08/73
08/73–12/74
01/75–09/81
09/81–?		Preserved at Kent & East Sussex Railway
D950550BAPCM Hope, Derbyshire [15] –09/68–05/75Exported to Bruges, Belgium (05/75)
D950686A—–—Scrapped at Arnott Young Ltd., Parkgate (05/68)
D950750BBSC Corby Steelworks [16] 5511/68–09/82Scrapped at BSC Corby (09/82)
D950887ENCB Ashington [13] 903/69–01/84Scrapped at D. Short, North Shields (01/84)
D950986A—–—Scrapped at G Cohen Ltd., Kettering (11/70)
D951050BBSC Buckminster
BSC Corby Steelworks [16] 		6012/68–06/72
06/72–08/82		Scrapped at BSC Corby (08/82)
D951150BNCB Ashington–11/68–07/79Scrapped at NCB Ashington (07/79)
D951250BBSC Buckminster
BSC Corby Steelworks [16] 		6312/68–09/72
09/72–02/82		Scrapped at BSC Corby (02/82)
D951386AArnott Young Ltd., Parkgate
NCB Crigglestone
NCB Astley
NCB Ashington [13] 		3807/68–11/68
11/68–09/69
09/69–10/73
01/74–?		Preserved at Embsay & Bolton Abbey Steam Railway
D951486ANCB Ashington [13] 407/69–12/85Scrapped at NCB Ashington (12/85)
D951550BBSC Buckminster
BSC Corby Steelworks
Hunslet Ltd		6211/68–09/72
09/72–12/81
12/81–07/82		Exported to Charmartin, Madrid, Spain (07/82)
D951650BBSC Corby Steelworks 5611/68–10/81Preserved at Didcot Railway Centre
D951786ANCB Ashington [13] 811/69–01/84Scrapped at D. Short, North Shields (01/84)
D951886ANCB Ashington [13] 706/69–??/87Preserved at West Somerset Railway
D951986A–––Scrapped at G Cohen Ltd., Kettering (11/70)
D952050BBSC Corby Steelworks

BSC Glendon [1]

4512/68–03/81Preserved at Mid-Norfolk Railway
D952187ENCB Ashington [13] 303/70–11/84Preserved at Dean Forest Railway
D952286A–––Scrapped at Arnott Young Ltd., Parkgate (05/68)
D952350BBSC Corby Steelworks

BSC Glendon [1]

4612/68–10/81Preserved at the Wensleydale Railway
D952487EBP Grangemouth–07/70–09/81Preserved at Peak Rail
D952550BNCB Lambton [1]

NCB Philadelphia
NCB Ashington [13]

–11/68–03/75
03/75–10/87		Preserved by Heritage Shunters Trust
D952686AAPCM Westbury–01/70–04/80Preserved at West Somerset Railway
D952786ANCB Ashington [13] 607/69–01/84Scrapped at D. Short, North Shields (01/84)
D952886ANCB Ashington [13] 203/69–12/81Scrapped at D. Short, North Shields (12/81)
D952950BBSC Buckminster
BSC Corby Steelworks
Bardon Hill Quarry		6108/68–09/72
09/72–03/81
02/09–06/10		Preserved – normally at Nene Valley Railway
D953086AGulf Oil Co.Ltd., Waterston
NCB Mardy Colliery [13]
NCB Tower Colliery 		–09/69–10/75
10/75–08/82
08/82		Scrapped at NCB Tower Colliery (08/82)
D953186AArnott Young Ltd., Parkgate
NCB Crigglestone
NCB Burradon
NCB Ashington [13] 		–07/68–11/68
11/68–10/73
10/73–04/74
04/74–?		Preserved at East Lancashire Railway
D953250BBSC Corby Steelworks [16] 5711/68–02/82Scrapped at BSC Corby (02/82)
D953350BBSC Corby Steelworks [16] 4712/68–09/82Scrapped at BSC Corby (09/82)
D953450BAPCM Hope, Derbyshire [15] –10/68—05/75Exported to Bruges, Belgium (05/75)
D953586ANCB Burradon
NCB Backworth
NCB Ashington [13] 		3711/70–01/76
01/76–09/80
09/80–01/84		Scrapped at NCB Ashington (01/84)
D953687ENCB Ashington [13] 503/70–02/85Scrapped at NCB Ashington (12/85)
D953750BBSC Corby Steelworks 5211/68–11/82Preserved at Ecclesbourne Valley Railway
D953887EShell-Mex & BP Ltd., Shellhaven
BSC Ebbw Vale
BSC Corby Steelworks [16] 		–04/70–02/71
02/71–04/76
04/76–09/82		Scrapped at BSC Corby (09/82)
D953950BBSC Corby Steelworks [16] 5110/68–02/83Preserved at Ribble Steam Railway
D954050BNCB Lambton [1]

NCB Philadelphia
NCB Burradon
NCB Ashington [13]

3611/68–11/71
11/71–06/72
06/72–01/84		Scrapped at D. Short, North Shields (01/84)
D954150BBSC Harlaxton
BSC Corby Steelworks [16] 		6611/68–08/74
08/74–08/82		Scrapped at BSC Corby (08/82)
D954250BBSC Corby Steelworks [16] 4812/68–08/82Scrapped at BSC Corby (08/82)
D954350B—–—Scrapped at C F Booth, Rotherham (11/68)
D954450BBSC Corby Steelworks 5311/68–09/80Scrapped at BSC Corby (09/80)
D954550BNCB Ashington–11/68–07/79Scrapped by D. Short, North Shields (07/79)
D954650B—–—Scrapped at C F Booth, Rotherham (11/68)
D954750BBSC Corby Steelworks [16] 4912/68–08/82Scrapped at BSC Corby (08/82)
D954850BBSC Harlaxton
BSC Corby Steelworks
Hunslet Ltd		6711/68–08/74
08/74–11/80
11/80–07/82		Exported to Charmartin, Madrid, Spain (07/82)
D954950BBSC Corby Steelworks
Hunslet Ltd		6411/68–11/81
11/81–07/82		Exported to Charmartin, Madrid, Spain (07/82)
D955050B—–—Scrapped at C F Booth, Rotherham (11/68)
D955150BBSC Corby Steelworks 5012/68–06/81Preserved at Severn Valley Railway
D955250BBSC Buckminster
BSC Corby Steelworks 		5909/68–06/72
06/72–09/80		Scrapped at BSC Corby (09/80)
D955350BBSC Corby Steelworks [16] 5411/68–?Preserved at Vale of Berkeley Railway
D955450BBSC Corby Steelworks [16] 5811/68–08/82Scrapped at BSC Corby (08/82)
D955587ENCB Burradon
NCB Ashington [13] 		–03/70–02/75
02/76–??/87		Preserved at Dean Forest Railway

Models

Hattons Model Railways commissioned Danish company Heljan to produce a limited run in OO gauge in three liveries. [17] Since then, they have announced plans for further examples, still in limited numbers, but in a wider variety of liveries.

In 2010, Graham Farish introduced a BR blue Class 14 in British N gauge. [18]

Minerva Model Railways announced the production of a ready-to-run O gauge (7mm Finescale) model in May 2019. Delivery commenced in February 2022 following delays due to incorrect cab colour on the initial supplies. [19]

In 2011 a 7 1/4" gauge model of D9522 won best locomotive and best model in show at the national model engineering exhibition in Harrogate.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Hembry, P.J. (1982). Class 14, The Cinderellas of the Diesel-hydraulic Era. Sutton Coalfield: Diesel & Electric Group. ISBN   0-906375-09-6.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "New BR 650hp Type 1 Diesel-Hydraulic Locomotive". Modern Railways . August 1964. pp. 106–107.
  3. ↑ Flowers, Andy (December 2006). Pigott, Nick (ed.). "'Teddy Bears' – the locos BR put to bed early". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 152, no. 1268. London: IPC Media. p. 42.
  4. ↑ Strickland, D.C. (March 1983). D+EG Locomotive Directory. Camberley: Diesel & Electric Group. p. 65. ISBN   0-906375-10-X.
  5. ↑ "14 0-6-0". Brdatabase.info. 30 September 2002. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
  6. ↑ Flowers 2006 , p. 41
  7. ↑ Flowers 2006 , p. 43
  8. ↑ Dunn, Pip (November 2008). "Class 14 – workaholics". Hornby Magazine. No. 17. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. pp. 26–27. ISSN   1753-2469. OCLC   226087101.
  9. ↑ Staines, David (December 2007). "High-speed one: a 'Teddy Bear's picnic!". Railways Illustrated. pp. 22–25.
  10. ↑ "BR Swindon Class 14: 14 901". Andrew Briddon Locos. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  11. ↑ "Big 'Teddy Bear' gathering marks 50th anniversary". The Railway Magazine. Vol. 160, no. 1, 362. September 2014. p. 95. ISSN   0033-8923.
  12. ↑ British Rail Locoshed Book. Shepperton: Ian Allan. February 1968. pp. 32–33. ISBN   0-7110-0004-2.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Industrial Locomotives 1982 including preserved and minor railway locomotives. Industrial Railway Society. 1982. pp. 240, 256. ISBN   0901096-43-1.
  14. ↑ Marsden, Colin J. (November 1984). BR Locomotive Numbering. Shepperton: Ian Allan. pp. 248–9. ISBN   0-7110-1445-0.
  15. 1 2 Industrial Locomotives 1973 including preserved and minor railway locomotives. Industrial Railway Society. 1973. ISBN   0-901096-18-0.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Industrial Locomotives 1982 including preserved and minor railway locomotives. Industrial Railway Society. 1982. p. 16. ISBN   0-901096-43-1.
  17. ↑ Wild, Mike (March 2010). "Hattons exclusive Class 14 arrives". Hornby Magazine. No. 33. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. pp. 72–73. ISSN   1753-2469. OCLC   226087101.
  18. ↑ Wild, Mike (December 2010). "Bachmann Farish Class 14 Arrives". Hornby Magazine. No. 42. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. pp. 74–75. ISSN   1753-2469. OCLC   226087101.
  19. ↑ "NEWS: Class 14 'Teddies' in 'O' from Minerva". British Railway Modelling . 11 May 2019.

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