Campo, California | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 32°36′23″N116°28′5″W / 32.60639°N 116.46806°W | |
Country | United States |
State | California |
County | San Diego |
Area | |
• Total | 23.51 sq mi (60.89 km2) |
• Land | 23.50 sq mi (60.88 km2) |
• Water | 0.01 sq mi (0.02 km2) 0.03% |
Elevation | 2,802 ft (854 m) |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 2,955 |
• Density | 125.72/sq mi (48.54/km2) |
Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific (PST)) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
ZIP codes | 91906 |
Area code | 619 |
FIPS code | 06-10508 |
GNIS feature ID | 2582962 [3] |
Campo (Spanish for "Field") is an unincorporated community in the Mountain Empire area of southeastern San Diego County, California, United States. The population was 2,955 at the 2020 United States census, up from 2,684 at the 2010 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Campo as a census-designated place (CDP). The census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name.
The CDP includes three distinct settlements: Campo, Cameron Corners and Morena Village. Cameron Corners is about one mile (1.6 km) north of Campo. Morena Village is located several miles further north, just east of Lake Morena. These communities all use Campo postal addresses and the ZIP Code 91906.
Morena Dam was constructed between 1896 and 1912 to provide water to the San Diego area.
Campo was a station on the San Diego and Arizona Railway, completed in 1919.
Campo was a military town during World War II and was known as Camp Lockett. It was home to a veterans' convalescent hospital, a 300-bed Italian Prisoner-of-war camp in Cameron Corners and an all African-American Cavalry unit which patrolled the border on horseback until 1944. [4]
The United States Military continues to maintain activities nearby at La Posta Mountain Warfare Training Facility.
Nearby communities include Boulevard, Potrero, Tecate, Dulzura, Jacumba, Pine Valley, Mount Laguna, Descanso, and Jamul.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP covers an area of 23.5 square miles (60.7 km2), 99.97% of it land, and 0.03% of it water.
It is 50 miles (80 km) southeast of San Diego. [4]
Campo has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa) with hot, dry summers and cool, relatively wet winters. The diurnal temperature variation is large throughout the year.
Climate data for Campo, California (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1950–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 85 (29) | 89 (32) | 92 (33) | 99 (37) | 103 (39) | 110 (43) | 111 (44) | 108 (42) | 110 (43) | 103 (39) | 94 (34) | 86 (30) | 111 (44) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 77.7 (25.4) | 78.1 (25.6) | 83.4 (28.6) | 89.7 (32.1) | 94.4 (34.7) | 100.6 (38.1) | 104.2 (40.1) | 104.2 (40.1) | 100.8 (38.2) | 94.1 (34.5) | 85.7 (29.8) | 78.7 (25.9) | 106.0 (41.1) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 63.6 (17.6) | 64.0 (17.8) | 67.9 (19.9) | 72.6 (22.6) | 78.8 (26.0) | 87.7 (30.9) | 93.9 (34.4) | 95.1 (35.1) | 90.3 (32.4) | 80.2 (26.8) | 70.9 (21.6) | 63.2 (17.3) | 77.4 (25.2) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 49.2 (9.6) | 49.5 (9.7) | 52.1 (11.2) | 55.3 (12.9) | 60.6 (15.9) | 66.5 (19.2) | 73.4 (23.0) | 74.6 (23.7) | 70.0 (21.1) | 61.4 (16.3) | 53.9 (12.2) | 48.3 (9.1) | 59.6 (15.3) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 34.7 (1.5) | 35.0 (1.7) | 36.3 (2.4) | 38.1 (3.4) | 42.4 (5.8) | 45.2 (7.3) | 53.0 (11.7) | 54.2 (12.3) | 49.7 (9.8) | 42.6 (5.9) | 37.0 (2.8) | 33.4 (0.8) | 41.8 (5.4) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 22.2 (−5.4) | 23.2 (−4.9) | 26.6 (−3.0) | 27.6 (−2.4) | 32.1 (0.1) | 35.8 (2.1) | 40.6 (4.8) | 40.9 (4.9) | 37.1 (2.8) | 30.7 (−0.7) | 25.7 (−3.5) | 22.0 (−5.6) | 19.6 (−6.9) |
Record low °F (°C) | 10 (−12) | 12 (−11) | 15 (−9) | 20 (−7) | 25 (−4) | 29 (−2) | 34 (1) | 30 (−1) | 29 (−2) | 22 (−6) | 16 (−9) | 12 (−11) | 10 (−12) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.09 (78) | 3.45 (88) | 2.28 (58) | 1.04 (26) | 0.38 (9.7) | 0.09 (2.3) | 0.29 (7.4) | 0.42 (11) | 0.40 (10) | 0.67 (17) | 1.03 (26) | 2.44 (62) | 15.58 (396) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.3 (0.75) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6.9 | 7.8 | 6.6 | 4.7 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 7.1 | 47.9 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
Source: NOAA [5] [6] |
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
2010 | 2,684 | — | |
2020 | 2,955 | 10.1% | |
U.S. Decennial Census [7] |
The 2010 United States Census [8] reported that Campo had a population of 2,684. The population density was 114.3 inhabitants per square mile (44.1/km2). The racial makeup of Campo was 2,083 (77.6%) White, 794 (29.6%) Latino, 114 (4.2%) African American, 90 (3.4%) Native American, 31 (1.2%) Asian, 6 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 248 (9.2%) from other races, and 112 (4.2%) from two or more races.
The Census reported that 2,499 people (93.1% of the population) lived in households, 50 (1.9%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 135 (5.0%) were institutionalized.
There were 901 households, out of which 334 (37.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 491 (54.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 80 (8.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 58 (6.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 67 (7.4%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 5 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 199 households (22.1%) were made up of individuals, and 80 (8.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77. There were 629 families (69.8% of all households); the average family size was 3.27.
The population was spread out, with 811 people (30.2%) under the age of 18, 182 people (6.8%) aged 18 to 24, 676 people (25.2%) aged 25 to 44, 727 people (27.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 288 people (10.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 119.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.0 males.
There were 1,105 housing units at an average density of 47.0 per square mile (18.1/km2), of which 675 (74.9%) were owner-occupied, and 226 (25.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 13.4%. 1,806 people (67.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 693 people (25.8%) lived in rental housing units.
Campo is home to three museums: The Pacific Southwest Railway Museum, the Motor Transport Museum and the Gaskill Brothers' Stone Store.
A CDF fire station is located at 31577 State Route 94. The 1998 Cameron Corners, California 7.5-minute quadrangle plots the station near Dewey Place and SR 94. [9] A Southern California Automobile Association map, believed to be c. 1910–1930, shows a business named "Dewey Store" in Cameron Corners. The business is plotted on the north side of SR 94 just east of County Road S1. This may be a variant name of Dewey Place. [10]
There is a county road maintenance station on Forrest Gate Road and a county fire station at Jeb Stewart Road and Parker Road.
Large employers in the area include US Department of Homeland Security Border Patrol [4] and the San Diego County, California Probation, Juvenile Ranch Facility, (population 250).
According to a September 9, 2004 San Diego Union Tribune article, foster care activist Father Joe Carroll proposed building a foster camp for children here. The proposed name was, "Promiseland Ranch," and the proposed facility would encompass about 600 acres (2.4 km2). Although the project was approved by the Board of Supervisors in 2008, [11] it has since been abandoned for lack of funds.
Campo is near the official southern terminus of the Pacific Crest Trail, a recreational hiking and equestrian trail extending 2,650 miles (4,260 km) north to the Canada–US border.
An unnamed private air strip is 4.2 miles (6.8 km) at 332 degrees off true north at 32°39′35″N116°30′08″W / 32.65972°N 116.50222°W . [12] The name of the field is not listed in the National Geographic Names Data Base or U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Location Identifiers (7350.7U) dated 09/01/2005 (2005-09-01). On the topographic map, it measures about 0.6 miles (970 m) in length and runs almost due north–south at the intersection of Lake Morena Drive and Hauser Creek Road.
The town is along the line of the former Southern Pacific (originally San Diego and Arizona Railway). Freight operations are currently embargoed (not offered) by the Carrizo Gorge Railway (currently the Pacific Imperial Railroad), while passenger operations are operated by the Pacific Southwest Railway Museum. The Railroad Museum shows an address of 750 Depot Street and is located near (NAD83) 32°36′50″N116°28′19″W / 32.61389°N 116.47194°W . [13]
There are at least two tribal areas included in the nearby Campo Indian Reservation. One is about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) due north of Campo and adjoining Cameron Corners. A point inside the reservation is (NAD83) 32°38′28″N116°28′16″W / 32.64111°N 116.47111°W ) and the area is roughly 1-mile (1.6 km) on each side. The reservation government is the Campo Band of Mission Indians. Another tribal area is about seven miles (11 km) east along State Route 94 in the Campo Valley. It extends nine miles (14 km) to the north and beyond Interstate 8. The eastern portion of the reservation is about 4.75 miles (7.64 km) in an east–west dimension and includes the community of Live Oak Springs. The tribal government has been reported in the news media to provide wireless Internet service to members over a cooperative tribal government microwave backbone from Pala. [14] [15] [16] [17]
31360 State Route 94: federal records report three schools in Campo. The schools are:
About 1.3 miles (2.1 km) north in Cameron Corners, Campo Elementary (K-6) is located at 1654 Buckman Springs Rd. This is considered in Campo for postal addresses. [18]
Winterhaven is a census-designated place (CDP) in Imperial County, California. Winterhaven is 6.5 miles (10 km) east of Pilot Knob, The population was 394 at the 2010 census, down from 529 at the 2000 census. It is part of the El Centro, CA Metropolitan Area. North of Interstate 8 and bordering Yuma, Arizona, the town is partly in the Fort Yuma Indian Reservation. The Colorado River marks the town's southern border.
San Lucas is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Monterey County, California, United States. It was founded in 1886 and named after the Rancho San Lucas, which was granted in 1842. The post office was first established in 1892.
Beckwourth is a census-designated place (CDP) in Plumas County, California, United States. Beckwourth is located on the Middle Fork Feather River 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Portola. The population was 432 at the 2010 census, up from 342 at the 2000 census.
Alpine is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Cuyamaca Mountains of San Diego County, California. Alpine had a population of 14,696 at the 2020 census, up from 14,236 at the 2010 census. The town is largely surrounded by the Cleveland National Forest and borders two reservations of the Kumeyaay Nation, Viejas and Sycuan, and the rural unincorporated areas around the city of El Cajon.
Granite Hills is a census-designated place in San Diego County, California. The name is also applied to a neighborhood within the city limits of El Cajon in the eastern part of that city. The population of the CDP, which does not include the people living within the city of El Cajon, was 3,035 at the 2010 census, down from 3,246 at the 2000 census.
Harbison Canyon is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Diego County, California. Harbison Canyon had a population of 4,048 as of the 2020 census, up from 3,841 as of the 2010 census.
Jamul is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Diego County, California, United States. Jamul had a population of 6,163 at the 2010 census.
Pine Valley is a community and census-designated place (CDP) in the Cuyamaca Mountains of the Mountain Empire area, in southeastern San Diego County, California. The population was 1,510 at the 2010 census, up from 1,501 at the 2000 census.
Spring Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in the East County region of San Diego County, California. The population was 28,205 at the time of the 2010 census.
Rancho San Diego is a census-designated place (CDP) in the East County region of San Diego County, California. The population was 21,858 at the 2020 census, up from 21,208 at the 2010 census. The area was developed as subdivisions beginning in the 1970s.
Busby is a census-designated place (CDP) in Big Horn County, Montana, United States. It is on the Northern Cheyenne reservation. The population was 745 at the 2010 census.
Butte Meadows is a census-designated place in Butte County, California, 5 miles off State Route 32 on Humboldt Rd. The area is about 45 minutes or 33 miles (53 km) east of Chico on SR32. Its elevation is listed at 4,340 feet (1,323 m) above sea level: certain to get snow in winter of any year. The area code is Area code 530. The area is just over one mile (1.6 km) from the Tehama County line. The post office that served Butte Meadows moved back and forth across the county line several times from 1878 to 1888. Butte Meadows' population was 40 at the 2010 census.
Boulevard is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Mountain Empire area of southeastern San Diego County, California. At that time, it had a population of 359 at the 2020 United States census, up from 315 2010 United States census. The area is rural high desert along the Mexican border near the eastern extent of San Diego County.
Newell is a census-designated place in Modoc County, California in the United States. It is located 50 miles (80 km) west-northwest of Alturas, at an elevation of 4,042 feet (1,232 m). Its population is 301 as of the 2020 census, down from 449 from the 2010 census.
Buck Meadows is a census-designated place in Mariposa County, California, United States. It is located 2 miles (3 km) east-northeast of Smith Peak, at an elevation of 3,015 feet (919 m). The population was 21 at the 2020 census.
The Campo Indian Reservation is home to the Campo Band of Diegueño Mission Indians, also known as the Campo Kumeyaay Nation, a federally recognized tribe of Kumeyaay people in the southern Laguna Mountains, in eastern San Diego County, California. The reservation was founded in 1893 and is 16,512 acres (66.82 km2).
Descanso is a small unincorporated community in the Cuyamaca Mountains, within the Mountain Empire area of southeastern San Diego County, California. The community's name is a Spanish word meaning "rest from labor".
Naval Base Coronado (NBC) is a consolidated Navy installation encompassing eight military facilities stretching from San Clemente Island, located seventy miles west of San Diego, California, in Los Angeles County, California, to the Mountain Warfare Training Camp Michael Monsoor and Camp Morena, located sixty miles east of San Diego.
Potrero is a census-designated place in the Mountain Empire area of southeastern San Diego County, California. The population was 648 at the 2020 United States census, down from 656 at the 2010 census.
Green Valley is a census-designated place in the Sierra Pelona Mountains, in Los Angeles County, California. It lies at an elevation of 2936 feet. The population was 1,027 at the 2010 census.