Carrollton Historic District | |
Location | Roughly bounded by Lowerline St., Mississippi River, Monticello Ave., & Earhart Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana |
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Coordinates | 29°57′8″N90°7′38″W / 29.95222°N 90.12722°W |
Built | 1840 |
Architect | Multiple |
Architectural style | Colonial Revival, Bungalow/Craftsman, Italianate |
NRHP reference No. | 87001893 [1] |
Added to NRHP | November 02, 1987 |
Carrollton is a historic neighborhood of Uptown New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, which includes the Carrollton Historic District, recognized by the Historic District Landmark Commission. [2] It is the part of Uptown New Orleans farthest upriver while still being easily accessible to the French Quarter. It was historically a separate town, laid out in 1833 and incorporated on March 10, 1845. [3] [4] Carrollton was annexed by New Orleans in 1874 (becoming the city's 16th and 17th Wards), but it has long retained some elements of distinct identity.
Historically the boundaries of the city of Carrollton were the Mississippi River, the downriver border of Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, Fig Street, and Lowerline Street. The area on the river side of Claiborne Avenue is sometimes referred to as "Old Carrollton". The incorporation of Carrollton created an apparent anomaly in New Orleans street names; Lowerline is upriver from Upperline Street, which was originally the upriver boundary of another suburb annexed in the 1850s.
The main street is broad Carrollton Avenue, lined with Southern live oaks, with the St. Charles Avenue Streetcar running on the "neutral ground" or central median. The streetcar barn is a block off the avenue in Carrollton, on Willow Street, and the landmark Camellia Grill diner is near the corner of St. Charles and Carrollton Avenues. The neoclassical Carrollton Courthouse building is on Carrollton Avenue near the Mississippi; as of 2023, it houses The Carrollton, an upscale assisted living facility. [5]
The neighborhood and Avenue are pronounced "kaa-rull-ton" or "kaa-ril-tin" by residents and other uptowners, but many people from the downtown parts of New Orleans (especially those born in the mid-20th century and earlier) pronounce the names as "Karl-ton".
Tulane University and Loyola University New Orleans are just a few blocks below Carrollton, and many students, faculty, and staff live in the area and patronize the businesses there.
In addition to Carrollton Avenue and Saint Charles Avenue, the neighborhood still retains two "neighborhood main streets" of mixed residential and commercial use. Lower Carrollton centers on Maple Street, with many restaurants, coffee houses, bars, and upscale shops. Upper Carrollton has Oak Street, formerly hosting somewhat larger businesses (such as Woolworth); current businesses there range from restaurants and shops to the best known of the neighborhood's live music venues, the Maple Leaf Bar.
In the northwest section of Carrollton on Claiborne Avenue is Marsalis Harmony Park (formerly Palmer Park), which hosts some art festivals and moderate sized live music festivals each year. The park has a monument to the Carrolltonians who died in World War I. After Hurricane Katrina, then called Palmer Park, hosted the monthly Mid-City art market, displaced from the more severely damaged Mid-City neighborhood.
The historically predominantly African-American part of Carrollton along the riverfront has been known since the mid-20th century as "Black Pearl." Mahalia Jackson, the "Queen of Gospel music", was from the Black Pearl section of Carrollton.
This part of Carrollton is documented as the location of "Rising Sun Hall" near the riverfront in the late 19th century, which seems to have been a building owned and used for meetings of a Social Aid & Pleasure Club, commonly rented out for dances and functions. This is one possible inspiration for the legendary song "The House of the Rising Sun." Definite connections to gambling or prostitution, if any, are undocumented for either of these buildings, neither of which still exists.
Other smaller, sub-neighborhoods in the area are called Leonidas/Pigeontown, Riverbend, and East Carrollton.
Most of Carrollton has long been ethnically mixed, with "free people of color" owning homes in other parts of the town before the Civil War. Many immigrants from Germany, Ireland, and other parts of the United States settled here in the 19th century.
The post of "mayor of Carrollton" survived to the 1980s, although it was an informal one, representing the concerns of the neighborhood to the New Orleans city council. As of 2004, the United States Postal Service continues to deliver mail addressed to "Carrollton, Louisiana." The ZIP Code is 70118.
During New Orleans Mardi Gras celebrations, the Krewe of OAK parades through Carrollton. The Phunny Phorty Phellows krewe also holds its "parade" in Carrollton, throwing beads from the streetcar to usher in the parades season on what is colloquially known as Twelfth Night, the Epiphany, January 6.
New Orleans Public Schools and the Recovery School District serve Carrollton.
Prominent in the area is the Carrollton Courthouse, the former courthouse for the city of Carrollton (located at 719 South Carrollton Avenue). Designed by prominent New Orleans architect Henry Howard, who also designed many other notable buildings around Louisiana including Nottoway Plantation and Madewood Plantation, [6] and completed in 1855, the site served as the courthouse for Carrollton and Jefferson Parish until the town was annexed onto New Orleans in 1874. [7] Since then, the building has housed McDonogh 23 elementary school, Ben Franklin Senior High School, Lusher Elementary School's 6-8 extension (now Lusher Charter School), and Audubon Charter School. [7] The building was vacant from 2013 until 2023, when The Carrollton, an upscale assisted living facility, was opened.
There was a private school named the Carrollton Private School, founded to avoid racial integration in the 1950s. The school campus was located on Willow Street at corner of Monroe Street. Grades 1 thru 8. [8]
In 2016 the board of Lycée Français de la Nouvelle-Orléans approved plans to ask to open a campus at the former James Weldon Johnson Elementary School in Carrollton. [9] The request was approved in March 2017. [10] That building temporarily housed Sophie B. Wright Charter School from 2013, [11] until 2016. [12]
The New Orleans Public Library operates the Nix Branch Library in Carrollton Riverbend. [13] Robert Morris of the Uptown Messenger said that it was a "popular little" library. [14] As of 2011 there was a "secret gardener" who watered the flowers on the library property. [13]
The St. Charles Streetcar Line is a historic streetcar line in New Orleans, Louisiana. Running since 1835, it is the oldest continuously operating streetcar line in the world. It is operated by the New Orleans Regional Transit Authority (RTA). Officially the St. Charles Streetcar line is designated as Route 12, and it runs along its namesake, St. Charles Avenue. It is the busiest route in the RTA system as it is heavily used by local commuters and tourists. On most RTA maps and publications, it is denoted in green, which is also the color of the streetcars on this line.
The New Orleans Public Library (NOPL) is the public library of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. Succeeding earlier libraries in the city, it opened in 1897. Three branches were added by 1908. Carnegie library branches were added in 1911 and 1915. By 2005 a dozen branches were open. The main library is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Broadmoor is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans. A subdistrict of the Uptown/Carrollton Area, its boundaries as defined by the New Orleans City Planning Commission are: Eve Street to the north, Washington Avenue and Toledano Street to the east, South Claiborne Avenue to the south, and Jefferson Avenue, South Rocheblave Street, Nashville Avenue, and Octavia Street to the west. It includes the Broadmoor Historic District which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003 and increased in its boundaries in 2007.
Uptown is a section of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, on the east bank of the Mississippi River, encompassing a number of neighborhoods between the French Quarter and the Jefferson Parish line. It remains an area of mixed residential and small commercial properties, with a wealth of 19th-century architecture. It includes part or all of Uptown New Orleans Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The 16th Ward or Sixteenth Ward is a division of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, one of the 17 Wards of New Orleans. It is an Uptown ward, along with the adjacent 17th Ward, formerly part of the city of Carrollton, Louisiana which was annexed by New Orleans in the 1870s.
The 14th Ward or Fourteenth Ward is a section of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, one of the 17 Wards of New Orleans. The Ward was formed in 1870 from part of Jefferson City and the town of Greenville, which were annexed by New Orleans.
East Carrollton is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans. A subdistrict of the Uptown/Carrollton Area, its boundaries as defined by the New Orleans City Planning Commission are: Spruce Street to the northeast, Lowerline Street to the southeast, St. Charles Avenue to the southwest and South Carrollton Avenue to the northwest.
St. Charles Avenue is a thoroughfare in New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. and the route of the St. Charles Streetcar Line. It is also famous for the dozens of mansions that adorn the tree-lined boulevard for much of the uptown section of the boulevard. It is named for St. Charles Borromeo, patron saint of Charles III of Spain, the monarch when France transferred the then-vast territory of Louisiana to Spain at the conclusion of the Seven Years' War in 1763.
Audubon is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans. A subdistrict of the Uptown/Carrollton Area, its boundaries as defined by the New Orleans City Planning Commission are: South Claiborne Avenue to the north, Jefferson Avenue to the east, the Mississippi River and Magazine Street to the south, and Lowerline Street to the west. The name Audubon comes from Audubon Park, one of the largest parks in the city, which is located in the southern portion of the district. The area is also known as the "University District," as it is also home of Tulane and Loyola Universities, as well as the former St. Mary’s Dominican College, and Newcomb College. The Audubon neighborhood was also the home of the original campus of Leland University. The section of the neighborhood upriver from Audubon Park incorporates what was the town of Greenville, Louisiana until it was annexed to New Orleans in the 19th century; locals still sometimes call that area "Greenville".
Carrollton Avenue is a major thoroughfare stretching 3.9 miles (6.3 km) across the Uptown/Carrollton and Mid-City districts of New Orleans. South Carrollton Avenue runs from St. Charles Avenue in the Riverbend in a northeast lake-bound direction through Carrollton and into Mid-City. After crossing Canal Street it continues as North Carrollton Avenue until intersecting with Esplanade Avenue and Wisner Boulevard at the entrance to City Park.
Hollygrove is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, located in the city's 17th Ward. A subdistrict of the Uptown/Carrollton area, the boundaries as defined by the New Orleans City Planning Commission are the following: Palmetto Street to the north, Cambronne, Edinburgh, Forshey, Fig and Leonidas Streets to the east, Earhart Boulevard to the south and the Jefferson Parish boundary to the west. Conrad playground, the Cuccia-Byrnes playground and Larry Gilbert baseball stadium are located in Hollygrove. The Hollygrove Market and Farm is also located in Hollygrove. Notable people including rapper Lil Wayne have grown up in the neighborhood.
Willow School, formerly Lusher Charter School, is a K-12 charter school in uptown New Orleans, Louisiana, in the university area. Willow is chartered by Advocates for Arts Based Education (AABE), which acts as the board for the entire school. Willow School has three uptown campuses; the lower school program is housed at the Dr. Everett J. Williams, Jr. Campus, the middle school is at the Ellis L. Marsalis, Jr. Campus, and the high school is at the Elijah Brimmer, Jr. Campus on Freret Street. A temporary campus was housed at the Jewish Community Center on St. Charles Avenue.
Mid-City is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans. A sub-district of the Mid-City District Area, its boundaries as defined by the New Orleans City Planning Commission are: City Park Avenue, Toulouse Street, North Carrollton, Orleans Avenue, Bayou St. John and St. Louis Street to the north, North Broad Street to the east, and the Pontchartrain Expressway to the west. It is a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2023, the neighborhood was cited as one of the "coolest" in the world by Time Out. In common usage, a somewhat larger area surrounding these borders, usually the areas bounded by the beltway formed by Interstates 10 and 610, is often also referred to as part of Mid-City.
Leonidas is a neighborhood designation in the city of New Orleans. A subdistrict of the Uptown/Carrollton Area, its boundaries as defined by the New Orleans City Planning Commission are: South Claiborne Avenue, Leonidas and Fig Streets to the north, South Carrollton Avenue to the east, the Mississippi River and Jefferson Parish to the west. Although an official city planning district name, the name "Leonidas" is not widely used nor has it any historical usage and the area is usually referred to by the larger neighborhood "Uptown, or "Carrollton".
Pigeon Town is a New Orleans, Louisiana neighborhood located in the 17th Ward of New Orleans and within the larger Carrollton neighborhood, and within the area that the New Orleans city planning commission calls "Leonidas." Pigeon Town is (loosely) bordered by Cambronne St. (East), Claiborne Ave. (north), Oak St. (South) and the Orleans-Jefferson parish line on the west. It is situated directly between the Hollygrove neighborhood and the Oak Street Cultural Arts District.
The Carrollton Courthouse is a historic building in the Carrollton neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the United States. Built in 1855, it originally served as a courthouse before being utilized by several public schools. In 2013, it became vacant after the previous tenant, a charter school, moved locations. In 2018, the Orleans Parish School Board sold the property to private developers. On February 15, 2023, the building was reopened as a luxury assisted living facility for senior citizens, after a three-year renovation to restore and repurpose the building.
Lycée Français de la Nouvelle-Orléans (LFNO) is a type II charter school, and French international school in New Orleans, Louisiana. As of 2021 it serves Pre-Kindergarten through grade 10 and will add a new grade level each school year until it is a full PK-12 school. It is under the Orleans Parish School Board (OPSB).
KIPP New Orleans Schools (KNOS) is the division of KIPP Schools active in the New Orleans metropolitan area.
Freret Street is a street located in uptown New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, that extends from Leake Avenue to the Pontchartrain Expressway. Lying south of the neighborhood of Freret, Freret Street is known for its commercial corridor located between the street's intersection with Jefferson Avenue and Napoleon Avenue. It includes a wide range of restaurants, bars, and other entertainment venues.
The rap duo $uicideboy$ named a song on their album 'I Want To Die in New Orleans' after the neighborhood.