Chris Hani | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 31°53′S26°52′E / 31.883°S 26.867°E | |
Country | South Africa |
Province | Eastern Cape |
Seat | Queenstown |
Local municipalities | |
Government | |
• Type | Municipal council |
• Mayor | Wongama Gela |
Area | |
• Total | 36,144 km2 (13,955 sq mi) |
Population (2011) [2] | |
• Total | 795,461 |
• Density | 22/km2 (57/sq mi) |
Racial makeup (2011) | |
• Black African | 93.3% |
• Coloured | 4.1% |
• Indian/Asian | 0.2% |
• White | 2.0% |
First languages (2011) | |
• Xhosa | 88.6% |
• Afrikaans | 6.1% |
• English | 2.6% |
• Other | 2.7% |
Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
Municipal code | DC13 |
The Chris Hani District Municipality (Xhosa : uMasipala weSithili sase Chris Hani) is a landlocked district municipality situated in the centre of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa and is made up of eight local municipalities. Most of the communities are in rural areas. [4] The landscape ranges from moist uplands and grassland hills to the arid Karoo scrubland. [5]
In 2016, the region reported a population of 840 000 people, accounting for 1.5% of South Africa's total population and 12% of the Eastern Cape's total population. [6] Most of the district municipality's employment is based on unskilled labour. [5]
In the east are Emalahleni, Dr AB Xuma (previously Engcobo), [7] Intsika Yethu, Sakhisizwe Local Municipality and a section of Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality. These local municipalities were originally part of the Transkei or Ciskei, which were former homelands during Apartheid, designed to separate different ethnic groups. This area is still characterised by its rural settlements and typical subsistence agriculture activities. [4]
Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality and Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality are lying in the west. These areas were originally part of the Republic of South Africa during Apartheid. [4]
The district’s agricultural industry is identified as dualism since it is divided into the first economy of commercial agriculture and the second economy of subsistence farming. In spite of its significant agricultural outputs, the municipalities are importers of processed food. [4]
The provision of basic services is particularly limited in the eastern municipalities which are largely rural. Backlogs include the delivery of tap water and adequate sanitation, school infrastructure and tarred roads. [5]
The district is situated on the intersections of the N6 from East London to Aliwal North via Komani, the R61 from Komani to Mthatha through Cofimvaba via Ngcobo and the N10 from Middelburg to Aliwal North via Cradock. [6] Evidence of tarred roads in the rest of the district municipality is below the Eastern Cape’s provincial average – resulting in limited public transportation and access to health care facilities in bigger towns. [5]
The district municipality is situated on the watershed of four river systems. These are namely the Orange River, Great Fish River, Mbashe River and Great Kei River. Surface water sources supply water for most of the towns in the area while only a few rely on groundwater supplies. [4]
In rural areas, communities use water from unprotected springs, streams and boreholes. For the commercial farms in the west, the water supply is usually groundwater from boreholes. [4]
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The Great Kei River is a river in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is formed by the confluence of the Black Kei River and White Kei River, northeast of Cathcart. It flows for 320 km (199 mi) and ends in the Great Kei Estuary at the Indian Ocean with the small town Kei Mouth on the west bank. Historically the Great Kei River formed the southwestern border of the Transkei region as was formerly known as the Nciba River.
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Intsika Yethu Municipality is a local municipality within the Chris Hani District Municipality, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The municipality is one of the six local municipality in this district. Intsika Yethu is an isiXhosa word meaning "our pillars".
Maletswai Local Municipality was an administrative area in the Joe Gqabi District of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. The municipality was merged with Gariep Local Municipality immediately after the August 2016 Local Municipal Elections to form the new Walter Sisulu Local Municipality.
Inkwanca Local Municipality was a local municipality that forms part of the Chris Hani District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Inkwanca is an isiXhosa name meaning cold. The municipal area is the coldest area in the country and the lowest temperatures are recorded in the area every year. After municipal elections on 3 August 2016 it was merged into the larger Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality.
Tsolwana Local Municipality was an administrative area in the Chris Hani District of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. Tsolwana is an isiXhosa name which means "something with a sharp ending or a tip", referring the mountains around the whole area. After municipal elections on 3 August 2016 it was merged into the larger Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality.
Dr AB Xuma Local Municipality is a local municipality within the Chris Hani District Municipality, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Ngcobo is an isiXhosa word for a sweet grass found in the area.
Jamestown is a town on the N6 national road 58 km south of Aliwal North and 105 km north of Komani in the Joe Gqabi District Municipality of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is at the centre of a fertile sheep, cattle and wheat-farming area and was the terminus of a branch railway line from Molteno. It was named after James Wagenaar, original owner of the farm on which the town was laid out.
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Thornhill is a rural village in Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality under the Chris Hani District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Under the previous political dispensation it fell in the Ciskei homeland. Thornhill is the biggest village in the [Ntabethemba].
Enoch Mgijima Municipality is a local municipality within the Chris Hani District Municipality, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It was established after the August 2016 local elections by merging the Tsolwana, Inkwanca, and Lukhanji local municipalities.