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Alternative names | Ginger-juice milk curd, ginger milk pudding, ginger milk |
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Type | Pastry |
Course | Dessert |
Place of origin | China |
Region or state | Shunde |
Main ingredients | Ginger, milk, sugar |
Ginger milk curd | |||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 薑 汁 撞 奶 | ||||||
Simplified Chinese | 姜 汁 撞 奶 | ||||||
Literal meaning | Ginger collides with milk | ||||||
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Ginger milk curd,also known as ginger-juice milk curd,ginger milk pudding or simply ginger milk,is a Chinese hot dessert originated in Shawan Ancient Town,Panyu District,Guangzhou in the Guangdong Province [1] [2] in southern China. The main ingredients are ginger,milk,and sugar. [3] Water buffalo milk is used in the original recipe.
First,cut a piece of old ginger into small pieces and finely grind the ginger. Then,squeeze the juice out by pressing the ginger through a sieve. Put the juice into a bowl. Next,bring the milk to a boil and dissolve sugar in milk. Take off heat and allow it to cool a little. If one is available,place a kitchen thermometer into the milk. The optimum curdling temperature is 70 °C (158 °F). [4] In the meantime,stir the ginger juice thoroughly. When the milk temperature decreases to around 70–75 °C (158–167 °F),pour the milk quickly into the middle of the ginger juice. Wait for two to three minutes. The milk will then be curdled,and may be eaten with a spoon.
The most important part of the ginger in ginger milk curd is the ginger protease zingipain. This substance with molecular weight of 31 kDa is found with three forms of isoelectric point values around 5.58,5.40,and 5.22,respectively. The three forms have very similar biochemical behavior,where the optimal proteolytic activity is 40–60 °C (104–140 °F) and maximum clotting activity at 70 °C (158 °F). [5]
Milk is a substance consisting mainly of milk fat globules and casein micelles in a continuous phase of water,sugar,whey protein and minerals. Casein micelles consist of mainly α(s1)-casein,α(s2)-casein,β-casein,and κ-casein,where hydrophobic αand β-casein are in the inner sub-micelle and hydrophilic κ-casein is in the outer part.
When the milk starts curdling,the curds are small,but as coagulation increases,curd size increases until the milk ends up with a tofu-like structure. [6] When the curdling occurs,the ginger protease cuts open the κ-casein so that the hydrophilic C-terminus and the hydrophobic N-terminus separate. This disrupts the stability of the casein micelle. In the hydrophobic effect,the hydrophobic casein coagulates. [7]
Rennet is a complex set of enzymes produced in the stomachs of ruminant mammals. Chymosin,its key component,is a protease enzyme that curdles the casein in milk. In addition to chymosin,rennet contains other enzymes,such as pepsin and a lipase.
Chymosin or rennin is a protease found in rennet. It is an aspartic endopeptidase belonging to MEROPS A1 family. It is produced by newborn ruminant animals in the lining of the abomasum to curdle the milk they ingest,allowing a longer residence in the bowels and better absorption. It is widely used in the production of cheese.
Casein is a family of related phosphoproteins that are commonly found in mammalian milk,comprising about 80% of the proteins in cow's milk and between 20% and 60% of the proteins in human milk. Sheep and cow milk have a higher casein content than other types of milk with human milk having a particularly low casein content.
Whey is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained. It is a byproduct of the manufacturing of cheese or casein and has several commercial uses. Sweet whey is a byproduct resulting from the manufacture of rennet types of hard cheese,like cheddar or Swiss cheese. Acid whey is a byproduct brought out during the making of acid types of dairy products,such as strained yogurt.
Curd is obtained by coagulating milk in a sequential process called curdling. It can be a final dairy product or the first stage in cheesemaking. The coagulation can be caused by adding rennet,a culture,or any edible acidic substance such as lemon juice or vinegar,and then allowing it to coagulate. The increased acidity causes the milk proteins (casein) to tangle into solid masses,or curds. Milk that has been left to sour will also naturally produce curds,and sour milk cheeses are produced this way.
Condensed milk is cow's milk from which water has been removed. It is most often found with sugar added,in the form of sweetened condensed milk,to the extent that the terms "condensed milk" and "sweetened condensed milk" are often used interchangeably today. Sweetened condensed milk is a very thick,sweet product,which when canned can last for years without refrigeration if not opened. The product is used in numerous dessert dishes in many countries.
Blue cheese is any of a wide range of cheeses made with the addition of cultures of edible molds,which create blue-green spots or veins through the cheese. Blue cheeses vary in taste from very mild to strong,and from slightly sweet to salty or sharp;in colour from pale to dark;and in consistency from liquid or very soft to firm or hard. They may have a distinctive smell,either from the mold or from various specially cultivated bacteria such as Brevibacterium linens.
Syneresis,in chemistry,is the extraction or expulsion of a liquid from a gel,such as when serum drains from a contracting clot of blood. Another example of syneresis is the collection of whey on the surface of yogurt. Syneresis can also be observed when the amount of diluent in a swollen polymer exceeds the solubility limit as the temperature changes. A household example of this is the counterintuitive expulsion of water from dry gelatin when the temperature increases. Syneresis has also been proposed as the mechanism of formation for the amorphous silica composing the frustule of diatoms.
Easy Cheese is the trademark for a processed cheese spread product distributed by Mondelēz International. It is also commonly referred to by generic terms such as "spray cheese","squirt cheese" or "cheese in a can". Easy Cheese is packaged in a metal can filled with air covered with a plastic cap that reveals a straight,flexible nozzle where the cheese is extruded.
Cuajada is a dairy product traditionally made from sheep's milk,but now it is more often made industrially from cow's milk. It is popular in the northern regions of Spain. In Latin America it is popular in Colombia,Venezuela,and in the Central American countries of El Salvador,Honduras,Nicaragua,and in the northern region of Costa Rica.
Ostkaka,ost meaning "cheese" and kaka meaning "cake" in Swedish,also known as Swedish cheesecake or Swedish curd cake,is a Swedish dessert that has its roots in two different parts of Sweden,Hälsingland and Småland,though there are some differences between ostkaka from Hälsingland resembling halloumi in texture,and the soft-grained ostkaka from Småland.
Requeijão is a milk-derived product,produced in Portugal and Brazil. It is a loose,ricotta-like cheese used to make cheese spreads. It can be a good substitute to mild,unsalty ricotta. This variety is sometimes sold in the markets wrapped in fresh corn husks. In El Salvador,cheeses such as requesón can sometimes be transported wrapped in banana leaves instead.
Pasta filata is a technique in the manufacture of a family of Italian cheeses also known in English as stretched-curd,pulled-curd,and plastic-curd cheeses. Stretched curd cheeses manufactured using the pasta filata technique undergo a plasticising and kneading treatment of the fresh curd in hot water,which gives the cheese its fibrous structure.
Κ-casein,or kappa casein,is a mammalian milk protein involved in several important physiological processes. Chymosin splits K-casein into an insoluble peptide and water-soluble glycomacropeptide (GMP). GMP is responsible for an increased efficiency of digestion,prevention of neonate hypersensitivity to ingested proteins,and inhibition of gastric pathogens. The human gene for κ-casein is CSN3.
Tofu is a food prepared by coagulating soy milk and then pressing the resulting curds into solid white blocks of varying softness:silken,soft,firm,extra firm. Tofu is also known as bean curd in English. It is a traditional component of East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisines,and has been consumed in China for over 2,000 years. In modern Western cooking,it is most often treated as a meat substitute.
Zingibain,zingipain,or ginger protease is a cysteine protease enzyme found in ginger rhizomes. It catalyses the preferential cleavage of peptides with a proline residue at the P2 position. It has two distinct forms,ginger protease I (GP-I) and ginger protease II(GP-II).
Sour cream is a dairy product obtained by fermenting regular cream with certain kinds of lactic acid bacteria. The bacterial culture,which is introduced either deliberately or naturally,sours and thickens the cream. Its name comes from the production of lactic acid by bacterial fermentation,which is called souring. Crème fraîche is one type of sour cream with a high fat content and less sour taste.
Shawan Ancient Town is an 800 year old town located in the Panyu District of Guangzhou in southern China,founded during the Song Dynasty. It's traditionally linked to the historical and folk Lingan culture.