Iris ivanovae

Last updated

Iris ivanovae
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Iris
Section: Iris sect. Pseudoregelia
Species:
I. ivanovae
Binomial name
Iris ivanovae
Synonyms [1]

None known

Iris ivanovae is a plant species in the genus Iris and part of the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from eastern Russia, China, and Mongolia.

Contents

It has narrow and linear light green leaves, short slender stem and pink-purple flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Description

It is similar in form to Iris tigridia but differs in the leaves, being narrower on Iris tigridia and Iris ivanovae having smaller flowers. [2]

It has a thick, dark grey rhizome that is about 2 – 4 mm in diameter. [3] [4] Below the rhizome, it has wrinkled dark grey secondary roots. [3] [4] The rhizome is covered in the remains of light brown or grey dead leaves. [3] [4]

The radical leaves are light green, [4] narrow, linear, with 2–3 prominent veins. [3] [4] They can grow up to between 10–25 cm (4–10 in) long, [3] [4] and 1–2.5 mm wide. [2] [5]

It has a slender stem that can grow up to between 0.5–10 cm (0–4 in) tall. [3] [4] [6]

The stem has 2 green, narrow, lanceolate spathes (leaves of the flower bud) that are 2.5–4 cm (1–2 in) long and between 0.5 and 0.7 cm wide. [2] [4]

The stems hold 1 terminal (top of stem) flower, blooming in early May. [3] [4] [6]

The flowers are 2.5–3.5 cm (1–1 in) in diameter, [2] [3] [4] and come in shades of pink-purple. [3] [4] The flowers have dots and dashes markings. [3] [4]

Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'. [7] The falls are 5 cm (2 in) long, [3] and 0.8–1 cm wide, with a beard of clavate hairs in the middle. [4] They narrow to a thread-like claw (near to the stem). [2] [4] The standards are lanceolate, with a notch at the top of the petal. [3] [4]

It has a triangular shaped ovary, [3] [4] a 1.5–2 cm long perianth tube that is between 0.5–1 mm in diameter, and yellow anthers. [4]

After the iris has flowered in late June and early July, [4] [6] it produces an oblong-oval seed capsule, [2] [3] [4] which has a small nose or sprout. [3] [4] Inside the capsule are brown, wrinkled and reticulate (resembling a net) seeds. [3] [4]

Biochemistry

As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings. [7] It has a chromosome count of 2n=20 or 2n=40. [5] Specimens from Chitinskaya Oblast in Russia, were found to have a chromosome count of 2n=20. [8]

Taxonomy

It is sometimes known as Iris invanova in Russia. [6] [9] [10] It is written in Russian Cyrillic script as Касатик Ивановой. [11] It is also commonly known as 'fine-leaved iris' (in Russia). [12] [13]

It is not known what the Latin specific epithet ivanovae actually refers to. But it has also been used by Nothobranchius ivanovae Valdesalici, 2012 (a fish), Polypogon ivanovae Tzvelev (a grass) and Oncopsis ivanovae (a leaf hopper insect).

It was first published and described by Vladimir Doronkin in 'Flora Sibiri' (Fl. Sibir. – Arac.-Orchidac.) on page 117 in 1987. [2] [14] [15]

It has not yet been verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service as of 6 August 2015.

Distribution and habitat

Iris ivanovae is native to central Asia, including U.S.S.R., China and Mongolia. [14]

Range

It is found in Russia, within Siberia, [4] [6] [10] Buryatia (republic) (including Trans-Baikal, [3] ) and Chita Oblast regions. [3] [4] [10] It is found in China, [3] [4] within several Provinces of China, (including Jilin, Nei Mongol and Shanxi). [2] It is also found in Mongolia. [4] [6] [14] Including being found in Selenge Province of the Khuder District. [3] [16]

It was found that specimens in the Mongolian Academy of Sciences Institute of Botany (UBA), were labelled as Iris tigridia (another Pseudoregelia iris) from Mongolia, were actually Iris ivanovae. [16]

Habitat

It grows on the rocky slopes of mountains and in gravelly steppes. [3] [4] [6] It can also found at the edges of elm forests [4] (especially in China). [2]

It can be found growing with fescue grasses and tansy plants. [3] [4] [6]

Conservation

It has been listed in the Red Data Books of Republic of Buryatia (2002), [9] [10] as a 'Vulnerable' species. [3] It was also listed in the Chita Region Data book (2002), [9] [10] as 'Rare', [6] and later again in the Chita Region (in 2010). [9] Also it is rare in the Agin-Buryat Autonomous Area. [6]

Specimens have been protected in the "Dauria reserve (in Transbaikal [12] ) and Sohondin-sky reserve, [6] and growing in botanical gardens of Trans-Baikal (Chita). [3]

It is threatened due to grazing by cattle during late summer and the autumn-winter time. [3] It also does not produce much seed, due to the climatic conditions of its habitat, so only spreads vegetatively (by the rhizomes). [3]

Cultivation

It was introduced to the Trans-Baikal Botanical Garden in 1996. [6]

It has been grown in botanical gardens of Novosibirsk (Central Siberian Botanical Garden), Saint Petersburg Botanical Garden and Chita (Trans-Baikal Botanical Garden), to determine its cold hardiness. Specimens did not survive in St. Petersburg. [4]

It prefers to grow in well-drained soils, in full sun. It needs protection from winter moisture, [4] which can kill the plant. [6]

It is suitable to grow in rockeries. [6]

Related Research Articles

<i>Iris graminea</i> Species of iris

Iris graminea is a species of flowering plant belonging to the subgenus Limniris of the genus Iris, in particular the series Spuriae. It is a rhizomatous perennial, with purple or violet blue flowers almost hidden by narrow, grass-like leaves, and a plum scented fragrance. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It has several common names, including grass-leaved flag, grass leaved iris, plum iris and plum tart iris. This species naturally occurs in the southern half of Europe, from Spain and France in the West to Russia and the Caucasus in the East.

<i>Iris sanguinea</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris sanguinea is a rhizomatous flowering plant in the genus Iris and in the series Sibiricae. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It is one of the species considered a Japanese iris. It is from Asia, found between Russia, Mongolia, China, Japan and Korea. It has grey green leaves, an unbranched flowering stem and flowers in reddish-purple shades, from blue to blue-purple, red-violet, with a rare white variant.

<i>Iris ruthenica</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris ruthenica, sometimes called ever blooming iris, Russian iris, pilgrim iris and Hungarian iris, is a species in the genus Iris- subgenus Limniris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, with a wide distribution, ranging from eastern Europe to Central Asia. It has grass-like leaves, thick stem and violet or bluish lavender flowers which are marked with violet veining.

<i>Iris uniflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris uniflora is a species in the genus Iris and in the subgenus Limniris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Russia, Mongolia, China and Korea. It has thin grass-like leaves and stems, and purple, blue-purple or violet flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris bungei is a beardless iris in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Tenuifoliae of the genus. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from Mongolia, Tibet and China. It has green leaves, short stem and 2 violet, purple, lavender or blue flowers.

Iris loczyi is a beardless iris in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Tenuifoliae of the genus. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from a wide area of Asia, including Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Mongolia, Tibet and China. It has long thin grey green leaves, long stems and 1 flower in pale violet, blue violet, lavender or light blue.

<i>Iris tenuifolia</i> Species of plant

Iris tenuifolia is a beardless iris in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Tenuifoliae of the genus. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from a wide region over central Asia, including Afghanistan, Pakistan, ; Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Mongolia and in China. It has long greyish-green leaves, short stem and pale violet, lilac, pale blue, or purple flowers.

Iris ventricosa is a beardless iris in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Tenuifoliae of the genus. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from Asia and the Russian Federation, to Mongolia and China. It has grey-green leaves, short flowers stems and 1–2 pale violet or pale blue flowers.

Iris ludwigii, with the common name Ludwig iris, is a species in the genus Iris. It is also in the subgenus Iris subg. Limniris and in the series Spuriae. It is a rhizomatous perennial plant with violet-blue flowers. It is native to the Altai Mountains in Central Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan meet. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris bloudowii is a species in the genus Iris. It is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Psammiris section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Russia, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China, with sickle-shaped leaves, slender stem and 2 bright or pale yellow flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris humilis</i> Species of plant

Iris humilis is a plant species in the genus Iris. It is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Psammiris section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, with a wide distribution range from Europe to Russia to China, via Mongolia and Kazakhstan. It has sword-shaped leaves, a short stem and yellow flowers with an orange beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris mandshurica is a species in the genus Iris; it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Psammiris section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, it is found in Russia, China, and Korea. It has green sword-like leaves, smooth green stem and yellow flowers, with yellow-purple veining and a yellow beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris potaninii</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris potaninii is a species in the genus Iris; it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Psammiris section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Siberia in Russia, Mongolia and China. It is a dwarf plant, having either subterranean or very small stems, long thin leaves and yellow, or dark violet to purplish blue flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris cuniculiformis is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from China, it has long and thin green leaves, and 1 lilac large flowers, that have yellow or grey beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris hookeriana</i> Species of plant

Iris hookeriana is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the Himalayan mountains of India and Pakistan. It has long pale green or yellow green leaves, long slender stem and fragrant blue, purple or lilac flowers, that are mottled with a darker colour. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris narcissiflora is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from China. It has pale green, thin, sword-shaped leaves, medium-long slender stem and 1 yellow flower. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris psammocola is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from China. It has grass-like leaves, short stems, yellow flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris tigridia</i> Species of plant of the genus Iris

Iris tigridia is a plant species in the genus Iris; it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Kazakhstan, Russia, Mongolia and China. It has dark green or greyish green, grass-like leaves, a short slender stem and a single flowers that are either violet, dark blue, blue-purple, dark purple, mauve, lilac, lavender, or light purple. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris glaucescens</i> Species of plant

Iris glaucescens is a plant species in the genus Iris and subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, found in Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. It has blue-grey sickle-shaped leaves, slender stem, and spring flowers in blue-violet, pale violet, lilac-purple, to deep purple, to light bluish, and almost white shades. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It was merged with another similar iris in the region, and became a synonym of Iris scariosa, before being divided into two separate species again, although some sources still call it a synonym of Iris scariosa.

<i>Iris scariosa</i> Species of plant

Iris scariosa is a plant species in the genus Iris; it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial from the mountainsides of Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. It has sword-like, or sickle shaped, blue green or grey-green leaves, a short flowering stem, 3 or 4 membranous or semi-transparent flower bud leaves, 2 violet, reddish violet, lilac, blue-purple, or blue flowers in late spring, with yellow or white beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It was merged with another similar iris in the region, and Iris glaucescens became a synonym of Iris scariosa, before being divided into two separate species again. Although some sources still call it the main species, despite a slight colour difference.

References

  1. ↑ "IIris ivanovae Doronkin is an accepted name". theplantlist.org (The Plant List). 23 March 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Chinese Plant Names". efloras.org (Flora of China). Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 "Iris Ivanova – Iris ivanovae V. Doronkin". redbookrb.ru. 2004. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 "Iris Ivanova – Iris ivanovae Doronkin". flower.onego.ru. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  5. 1 2 Yu, Pirogov (20 November 2003). "Iris ivanovae". signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Pershin, Natalia A.; Petrovna, Korytkova Ekaterina (2013). "Species Of The Genus Iris L. (Iridaceae) In The Flora Of Eastern Transbaikalia". Scientific Notes of the Trans-Baikal State University. 1 (48). Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  7. 1 2 Austin, Claire (2005). Irises; A Garden Encyclopedia. Timber Press. ISBN   0881927309.
  8. ↑ Karol Marhold, ed. (December 2012). "IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 14" (PDF). iopb.org. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Iris ivanovae Doronkin". plantarium.ru. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 "Iris ivanovae V. Doronkin". flora.baikal.ru. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  11. ↑ "Iris ivanovae". oopt.aari.ru. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  12. 1 2 "New archive 2010" (in Russian). dauriareserve.narod.ru. 21 December 2010. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  13. ↑ "Iris". daurzapoved.com. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  14. 1 2 3 "Iridaceae Iris ivanovae Doronkin". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  15. ↑ IPNI Publication Search
  16. 1 2 Doronkin, Vladimir; Shaulo, Dmitry; Han, Irina; Vlasova, Natalya; Ivleva, Victoria; Enkhtuya, Luvsanbaldan; Munkh-Erdene, Tovuudorj; Ochgerel, Nanjidsuren; Munkhjargal, Battseren (2015). "New records for the flora of Selenge Province (Mongolia)" (PDF). Skvortsovia. 2 (1): 8–27. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.