Islands in the Stream (song)

Last updated

"Islands in the Stream"
Krdpislands.jpg
Single by Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton
from the album Eyes That See in the Dark
B-side
ReleasedAugust 15, 1983
RecordedMay 1983
Studio
Genre Soft rock [1]
Length4:08
Label RCA Records
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s) Gibb-Galuten-Richardson
Kenny Rogers singles chronology
"Scarlet Fever"
(1983)		"Islands in the Stream"
(1983)		"This Woman"
(1984)
Dolly Parton singles chronology
"Potential New Boyfriend"
(1983)		"Islands in the Stream"
(1983)		"Save the Last Dance for Me"
(1984)

"Islands in the Stream" is a song written by the Bee Gees and recorded by American country music artists Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton. It was released in August 1983 as the first single from Rogers's fifteenth studio album Eyes That See in the Dark . The Bee Gees released a live version in 1998 and a studio version in 2001.

Contents

The song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the United States, giving both Rogers and Parton their second pop number-one hit (after Rogers's "Lady" in 1980 and Parton's "9 to 5" in 1981). It also topped the Country and Adult Contemporary charts. In 2005 the song topped Country Music Television's poll of the best country duets of all time; Parton and Rogers reunited to perform the song on a CMT special. As of May 2023, it has been triple certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for three million certified units. [2]

Rogers and Parton went on to record a Christmas album together and had an additional hit with their 1985 duet "Real Love".

Background

Named after an Ernest Hemingway novel, the song was originally written for Diana Ross in an R&B style but later reworked for the duet by Rogers and Parton. [3] [4]

It has been claimed that the song was also intended for Marvin Gaye. This is attributed to a 2001 Good Morning America interview with the Bee Gees. When Barry Gibb said the song was written for Ross, Robin Gibb interrupted and said, "No, we wrote it for Marvin Gaye ... We sent it to him but he was dead so it was a bit difficult for him to sing it." [5] [6] Gaye actually died in 1984, a year after the recording. [7] Separately, Robin Gibb has said the song was stylistically written "... as a Tamla kind of soul song in a Marvin Gaye type feel", though not asserting it was for Gaye. [8] In other interviews, Barry Gibb has always maintained that Ross was the original artist for the song with no mention of Gaye. [4] [9]

For licensing reasons, the song was not included on the digital release of Eyes That See in the Dark from Capitol Records Nashville. Sony Music, the current owner of RCA Records, protected copyrights in the recording, which is digitally available only in various compilations from Sony Music, especially those of Dolly Parton.

Musical structure

The song is sung in moderate 4
4 time, with Rogers and Parton alternating lead vocals. Their version is in C major when Rogers sings lead, but changes to A-flat major when Parton takes over the lead. [10]

Reception

Cash Box said that "the sound is simply gorgeous, as is the melody, as are the voices." [11]

Commercial performance

The song knocked Bonnie Tyler's "Total Eclipse of the Heart" out of No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100, also topping the Country and Adult Contemporary listings. In December of that year, it was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling over two million physical copies in the US. [2] After becoming available for digital download, it had sold a further 834,000 digital copies in the US, as of January 2019. [12]

In Australia, the song was number one for one week in December 1983 and became one of the highest selling singles of 1984.

The song reached a peak of No. 7 in the UK Singles Chart in 1983. As of July 2014, it had also sold 245,577 digital copies in the UK. [13] As of 2017, it had racked up 287,200 downloads and 4.83 million streams in the UK. [14]

In April 2008, South Bend, Indiana, radio station WZOW played the song continuously for several days on end, [15] a stunt drawing attention to the station's format change from alternative rock to adult contemporary.

The song was also used as a karaoke song in two episodes of the second season of ABC's The Good Doctor , "Islands Part One" and "Tough Titmouse". [16]

The song was also used as a karaoke number in the first episode of American Horror Story: Double Feature , "Cape Fear", where it was sung by Evan Peters and Frances Conroy. It also appeared in the 2023 Netflix documentary miniseries Beckham, showing David Beckham and his wife Victoria Beckham dancing to it.

Charts

Certifications

RegionCertification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA) [39] Platinum70,000‡
Canada (Music Canada) [40] 3× Platinum240,000‡
Denmark (IFPI Danmark) [41] Gold45,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI) [42] 2× Platinum1,200,000‡
United States (RIAA) [43] 3× Platinum3,000,000‡
Streaming
Sweden (GLF) [44] Platinum8,000,000†

‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
† Streaming-only figures based on certification alone.

Notable cover versions

Bee Gees' recorded version

"Islands in the Stream"
Song by Bee Gees
from the album Their Greatest Hits: The Record
Released20 November 2001
Recorded2001
Genre Rhythm and blues
Length4:23
Label Polydor
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)
  • Barry Gibb
  • Robin Gibb
  • Maurice Gibb

The Bee Gees performed their version live at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas on 14 November 1997, which was released a year later on One Night Only , with solo vocal by Barry Gibb. A studio version was recorded for their 2001 retrospective Their Greatest Hits: The Record , which has since featured on the 2004 Number Ones and on the 2010 Mythology box set. [47] The chorus of Pras's 1998 hit "Ghetto Supastar (That Is What You Are)", which in turn is a reworking of the original Rogers and Parton release, replaces the final chorus in the studio recording. The live version of the song appears on their Love Songs compilation.

Personnel (studio version)
Personnel (live version)

with

Comic Relief version

"(Barry) Islands in the Stream"
ByrnNessaGibb.jpg
Single by Ruth Jones and Rob Brydon featuring Tom Jones and Robin Gibb
from the album Islands in the Stream
ReleasedMarch 8, 2009
Genre
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s) Hugh Padgham
Robin Gibb singles chronology
"Too Much Heaven"
(2007)		"(Barry) Islands in the Stream"
(2009)		"I've Gotta Get a Message to You"
(2011)

On March 8, 2009, Welsh celebrities Ruth Jones and Rob Brydon, in character as Vanessa Jenkins and Bryn West from the hit BBC sitcom Gavin & Stacey , released a version of the song as a single for Comic Relief. Sir Tom Jones also features on the song, performing the final verse and chorus, whilst Robin Gibb appears on the single as a backing vocalist.

Re-titled "(Barry) Islands in the Stream", in reference to the Barry Island setting of Gavin & Stacey, [48] it entered at the top of the UK Singles Chart on March 15, 2009. This meant the Gibb Brothers had achieved number one songs in five successive decades, the first songwriters to achieve this feat. It also made Tom Jones, at the age of 68, the oldest person to have a UK number one song, until the record was taken in 2020 by Captain Tom Moore for his involvement in "You'll Never Walk Alone" at the age of 99. [49]

The video was filmed in Barry Island, Las Vegas and the Nevada desert, with both Gibb and Jones appearing in the video alongside Jones and Brydon. Nigel Lythgoe also makes a cameo appearance as a talent competition judge.

Track listing

  1. "(Barry) Islands in the Stream" – 3:56
  2. "Wisemen" – 3:14
  3. "Somethin' Stupid" – 2:48
  4. "Islands in the Stream" (music video) – 4:21
  1. "(Barry) Islands in the Stream" (full-length video) – 8:56
  2. "(Barry) Islands in the Stream" (making of the video) – 14:30

Charts

Weekly charts

Chart (2009)Peak
position
Europe (European Hot 100) [50] 11
Scotland (OCC) [51] 1
UK Singles (OCC) [52] 1

Year-end charts

Chart (2009)Position
UK Singles (OCC) [53] 108

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bee Gees</span> Music group (1958–2012)

The Bee Gees were a musical group formed in 1958 by brothers Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb. The trio were especially successful in popular music in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and later as prominent performers in the disco music era in the mid- to late 1970s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barry Gibb</span> British-American musician (born 1946)

Sir Barry Alan Crompton Gibb is a British musician, singer, songwriter and record producer. Along with his younger brothers, Robin and Maurice, he rose to worldwide fame as a member of the Bee Gees, one of the most commercially successful groups in the history of popular music. Well known for his wide vocal range, Gibb's most notable trait is a far-reaching high-pitched falsetto. Gibb's career has spanned over 60 years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kenny Rogers</span> American country singer and songwriter (1938–2020)

Kenny Rogers was an American singer and songwriter. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2013. Rogers was particularly popular with country audiences but also charted more than 120 hit singles across various genres, topping the country and pop album charts for more than 200 individual weeks in the United States alone. He sold more than 100 million records worldwide during his lifetime, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time. His fame and career spanned multiple genres: jazz, folk, pop, rock, and country. He remade his career and was one of the most successful cross-over artists of all time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Night Fever</span> 1978 single by the Bee Gees

"Night Fever" is a song written and performed by the Bee Gees. It first appeared on the soundtrack to Saturday Night Fever on RSO Records. Producer Robert Stigwood wanted to call the film Saturday Night, but singer Robin Gibb expressed hesitation at the title. Stigwood liked the title Night Fever but was wary of marketing a movie with that name. The song bounded up the Billboard charts while the Bee Gees’ two previous hits from Saturday Night Fever soundtrack were still in the top ten. The record debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 Chart at #76, then leaped up 44 positions to #32. It then moved: 32–17–8–5–2–1. It remained at #1 for eight weeks, and ultimately spent 13 weeks in the top 10. For the first five weeks that "Night Fever" was at #1, "Stayin' Alive" was at #2. Also, for one week in March, Bee Gees related songs held five of the top positions on the Hot 100 chart, and four of the top five positions, with "Night Fever" at the top of the list. The B-side of "Night Fever" was a live version of "Down the Road" taken from the Bee Gees 1977 album, Here at Last... Bee Gees... Live.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">But You Know I Love You</span> 1968 song by Kenny Rogers and The First Edition

"But You Know I Love You" is a song written by Mike Settle, which was a 1969 pop hit for Kenny Rogers and The First Edition, a group that included Settle and Kenny Rogers. The song also became a major country hit by Bill Anderson in 1969. In 1981, a cover version of "But You Know I Love You" by singer Dolly Parton topped the country singles charts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ghetto Supastar (That Is What You Are)</span> 1998 single by Pras featuring Ol Dirty Bastard and Mýa

"Ghetto Supastar (That Is What You Are)" is a song by American rapper Pras, featuring rapper Ol' Dirty Bastard and R&B singer Mýa. Produced by Pras and Wyclef Jean, with co-production from Jerry 'Wonda" Duplessis and Che Pope, it interpolates Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton's 1983 single "Islands in the Stream" as written by the Bee Gees. Also featured on the soundtrack for the 1998 film Bulworth, the song was released as Pras' debut solo single and the second from his debut solo album Ghetto Supastar on June 6, 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jive Talkin'</span> 1975 single by the Bee Gees

"Jive Talkin'" is a song by the Bee Gees, released as a single in May 1975 by RSO Records. This was the lead single from the album Main Course and hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100; it also reached the top-five on the UK Singles Chart in the middle of 1975. Largely recognised as the group's comeback song, it was their first US top-10 hit since "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart" (1971).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Too Much Heaven</span> 1978 single by Bee Gees

"Too Much Heaven" is a song by the Bee Gees, which was the band's contribution to the "Music for UNICEF" fund. They performed it at the Music for UNICEF Concert on 9 January 1979. The song later found its way to the group's thirteenth original album, Spirits Having Flown. It hit No. 1 in both the US and Canada. In the United States, the song was the first single out of three from the album to interrupt a song's stay at #1. "Too Much Heaven" knocked "Le Freak" off the top spot for two weeks before "Le Freak" returned to #1 again. "Too Much Heaven" also rose to the top three in the UK. In the US, it would become the fourth of six consecutive No. 1s, equalling the record set by Bing Crosby, Elvis Presley, and the Beatles for the most consecutive No. 1 songs. The six Bee Gee songs are "How Deep Is Your Love", "Stayin' Alive", "Night Fever", "Too Much Heaven", "Tragedy" and "Love You Inside Out". The songs spanned the years of 1977, 1978 and 1979.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Words (Bee Gees song)</span> 1968 song by the Bee Gees

"Words" is a song by the Bee Gees, written by Barry, Robin and Maurice Gibb. The song reached No. 1 in Germany, Canada, Switzerland, and the Netherlands.

<i>Their Greatest Hits: The Record</i> 2001 compilation album by the Bee Gees

Their Greatest Hits: The Record is the career retrospective greatest hits album by the Bee Gees, released on UTV Records and Polydor in November 2001 as HDCD. The album includes 40 tracks spanning over 35 years of music. Four of the songs were new recordings of classic Gibb compositions originally recorded by other artists, including "Emotion", "Heartbreaker", "Islands in the Stream", and "Immortality". It also features the Barry Gibb duet with Barbra Streisand, "Guilty", which originally appeared on Streisand's 1980 album of the same name. It is currently out of print and has been supplanted by another compilation, The Ultimate Bee Gees.

<i>Once Upon a Christmas</i> (Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton album) 1984 studio album by Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton

Once Upon a Christmas is a collaborative studio album by Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton. It was released on October 29, 1984, by RCA Records. The album was produced by Rogers with David Foster. It was Rogers' second Christmas album, following 1981's Christmas, and Parton's first. The album's release was accompanied by a CBS television special, Kenny & Dolly: A Christmas to Remember. The album was certified 2× Platinum by the RIAA in 1989.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heartbreaker (Dionne Warwick song)</span> 1982 single by Dionne Warwick

"Heartbreaker" is a song performed by American singer Dionne Warwick. It was written by Barry, Robin and Maurice Gibb of the Bee Gees for her 1982 studio album of the same name, while production was helmed by Barry Gibb, Albhy Galuten and Karl Richardson under their production moniker Gibb-Galuten-Richardson. Barry Gibb's backing vocal is heard on the chorus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Albhy Galuten</span> American songwriter

Albhy Galuten is an American technology executive and futurist, Grammy Award-winning record producer, composer, musician, orchestrator and conductor. He has numerous inventions and has produced 18 number 1 singles with songs and albums selling over 100,000,000 copies. He has won two Grammy Awards, a Dramalogue award, and a BMI Citation of Achievement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Real Love (Dolly Parton and Kenny Rogers song)</span> 1985 single by Dolly Parton and Kenny Rogers

"Real Love" is a song written by David Malloy, Richard "Spady" Brannon and Randy McCormick, and recorded as a duet by American entertainers Dolly Parton and Kenny Rogers that topped the U.S. country singles charts in August 1985. It was released in April 1985 the second single and title track from Parton's Real Love album. Released after the top-ten success of "Don't Call It Love", the song became Parton and Rogers' second country chart-topper as a duet act. However, "Real Love" did not fare as well on the pop singles charts as 1983's "Islands in the Stream" had done, stalling at number 91 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 13 on the Adult Contemporary chart.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Don't Forget to Remember</span> 1969 single by Bee Gees

"Don't Forget to Remember" also called "Don't Forget to Remember Me" is a country ballad recorded by the Bee Gees, from the album Cucumber Castle. The song was written by Barry and Maurice Gibb. It was produced by the band with Robert Stigwood.

<i>Eyes That See in the Dark</i> 1983 studio album by Kenny Rogers

Eyes That See in the Dark is the fifteenth studio album by American country singer Kenny Rogers, released by RCA Records in August 1983.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lady (Kenny Rogers song)</span> 1980 single by Kenny Rogers

"Lady" is a song written by Lionel Richie and first recorded by American country music artist Kenny Rogers. It was released in September 1980 on the album Kenny Rogers' Greatest Hits.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eyes That See in the Dark (song)</span> 1983 single by Kenny Rogers

"Eyes That See in the Dark" is a song written by Barry and Maurice Gibb in 1982. It was performed by Kenny Rogers for his 1983 album of the same name. It reached #30 on the US Country chart, #4 on the US Adult Contemporary chart, #61 in the United Kingdom and #79 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Gibb-Galuten-Richardson were a British-American record producing team, consisting of Bee Gees founding member and British singer-songwriter Barry Gibb, American musician and songwriter Albhy Galuten and American sound engineer Karl Richardson. They produced albums and singles for Andy Gibb, Samantha Sang, Frankie Valli, Teri DeSario, Barbra Streisand, Dionne Warwick, Kenny Rogers, Dolly Parton and Diana Ross.

<i>Greenfields</i> (album) 2021 studio album by Barry Gibb

Greenfields: The Gibb Brothers Songbook, Vol. 1 is the third solo album by British singer-songwriter Barry Gibb, which was released on 8 January 2021 by Capitol Records in America and EMI Records internationally. The album features re-imaginings of songs written by the Bee Gees with country music singers. The album's title is taken from a lyric in the song "Butterfly".

References

  1. ↑ "Robin Gibb, RIP: Hear the Bee Gee's Legacy in 15 Tracks". May 21, 2012.
  2. 1 2 "RIAA Gold & Platinum Program: Islands In The Stream" . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  3. ↑ Shcherbakova, Liza (July 19, 2017). "Watch 7 Classic Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton 'Islands in the Stream' Performances Before Their Final Show". Billboard.
  4. 1 2 Newman, Melinda (January 5, 2021). "Barry Gibb on Reuniting with Dolly Parton & Who He 'Freaked Out' Over While Recording New Country Duets Album". Billboard.
  5. ↑ "Flashback: Dolly Parton, Kenny Rogers Take 'Islands in the Stream' to New Heights". Rolling Stone . October 29, 2014.
  6. ↑ "Bee Gees Perform on 'GMA'". ABC News. April 26, 2001.
  7. ↑ Wedner, Diane (September 16, 2007). "Taking Over From Titans". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved March 13, 2021.
  8. ↑ Robin Gibb - Intimate with Robin Gibb (interview). evosound. June 13, 2012 – via YouTube.
  9. ↑ Bee Gees Documentário - Onde tudo começou. Sentindo o Som!. July 9, 2021 – via YouTube.
  10. ↑ "'Islands in the Stream' sheet music". Musicnotes.com. May 4, 2015. Archived from the original on November 13, 2017. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
  11. ↑ "Reviews" (PDF). Cash Box. August 27, 1983. p. 8. Retrieved July 20, 2022.
  12. ↑ Bjorke, Matt (January 15, 2019). "Top 30 Digital Singles: January 15, 2019". RoughStock. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
  13. ↑ "Country Bites News snippets June 30 - July 6, 2014". Country Routes News. July 13, 2014. Archived from the original on July 23, 2014.
  14. ↑ "Happy Birthday Dolly Parton! Her most downloaded songs in the UK revealed". officialcharts.com. Archived from the original on March 22, 2017.
  15. ↑ :Indiana Aiwaves: Archived July 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  16. ↑ Caputo, Denise (January 10, 2018). "'The Good Doctor' Episode Recap - 'Islands Part One'". FanFest. Retrieved June 11, 2021.
  17. ↑ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 256. ISBN   0-646-11917-6.
  18. ↑ "Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton – Islands in the Stream" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
  19. ↑ Lwin, Nanda (2000). Top 40 Hits: The Essential Chart Guide (1st ed.). Canada: Music Data Research. ISBN   1-896594-13-1.
  20. ↑ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40.
  21. ↑ "Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton – Islands in the Stream". Top 40 Singles.
  22. ↑ "Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton – Islands in the Stream". VG-lista.
  23. ↑ "SA Charts 1965–March 1989" . Retrieved September 5, 2018.
  24. ↑ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN   84-8048-639-2.
  25. ↑ "Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton – Islands in the Stream". Singles Top 100.
  26. ↑ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company.
  27. ↑ "Kenny Rogers Chart History (Hot Country Songs)". Billboard.
  28. ↑ "Kenny Rogers Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard.
  29. ↑ "Kenny Rogers Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard.
  30. ↑ "Offiziellecharts.de – Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton – Islands in the Stream" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved April 30, 2020.
  31. ↑ "Kent Music Report – National Top 100 Singles for 1983". Kent Music Report . Retrieved January 22, 2023– via Imgur.com.
  32. ↑ "Item Display - RPM - Library and Archives Canada".
  33. ↑ "The Official New Zealand Music Chart". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
  34. ↑ "Top 100 Year End Charts: 1983". Cashbox Magazine . Retrieved 2015-05-09.
  35. ↑ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 436. ISBN   0-646-11917-6.
  36. ↑ "Top 20 Hit Singles of 1984" . Retrieved December 26, 2018.
  37. ↑ "Top 100 Hits of 1984/Top 100 Songs of 1984". Archived from the original on May 30, 2016.
  38. ↑ "Billboard Hot 100 60th Anniversary Interactive Chart". Billboard. Retrieved December 10, 2018.
  39. ↑ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2020 Singles" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association . Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  40. ↑ "Canadian single certifications – Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton – Islands in the Stream". Music Canada . Retrieved December 14, 2021.
  41. ↑ "Danish single certifications – Kenny Rogers feat. Dolly Parton – Islands in the Stream". IFPI Danmark . Retrieved October 1, 2021.
  42. ↑ "British single certifications – Dolly Parton & Kenny Rogers – Islands in the Stream". British Phonographic Industry . Retrieved June 13, 2022.
  43. ↑ "American single certifications – Kenny Rogers & Dolly Parton – Islands in the Stream". Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  44. ↑ "Sverigetopplistan – Kenny Rogers" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan . Retrieved January 20, 2023.
  45. ↑ Lindsay, Cam (April 16, 2008). "Constantines & Feist "Islands in the Stream"". Exclaim!. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  46. ↑ Hudak, Joseph (July 30, 2021). "Hailey Whitters and Ernest Cover 'Islands in the Stream' for New Duets EP". Rolling Stone. Retrieved July 28, 2022.
  47. ↑ "Gibb Songs : 2001". Archived from the original on December 4, 2013.
  48. ↑ "What's On TV.co.uk". Archived from the original on February 20, 2012.
  49. ↑ "Captain Tom Moore claims Number 1 victory on the Official Chart". Official Charts Company . April 24, 2020. Retrieved April 22, 2020.
  50. ↑ "European Hot 100". Billboard . Vol. 121, no. 12. March 28, 2009. p. 46.
  51. ↑ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
  52. ↑ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
  53. ↑ "The Official UK Singles Chart 2009" (PDF). UKChartsPlus . Retrieved July 10, 2018.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.