Kayalpattinam | |
---|---|
Nickname: Small Makkah | |
Coordinates: 8°33′59″N78°6′59″E / 8.56639°N 78.11639°E | |
Country | India |
State | Tamil Nadu |
Government | |
• Body | Kayalpattinam Municipality |
Area | |
• Total | 12.5 km2 (4.8 sq mi) |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 40,588 |
• Density | 3,200/km2 (8,400/sq mi) |
Demonym | Kayalar |
Languages | |
• Official | Tamil |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 628204 |
Telephone code | 04639 |
Vehicle registration | TN 92 (Thiruchendur RTO) |
Nearest city | Thoothukudi |
Sex ratio | 1000:1177 ♂/♀ |
Literacy | 92.71% |
Lok Sabha constituency | Thoothukudi Formerly with Tiruchendur |
Vidhan Sabha constituency | Tiruchendur |
Civic Agency | Kayalpattinam Municipality |
Climatei | Humid (Köppen) |
Kayalpatnam (also known as Kayalpattinam or Kayalpattanam) is a municipality in the Thoothukudi district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, the town had a population of 40,588.
Also known as Kayal, it is referred to in Marco Polo's [1] travel diaries dating to 1298 AD. Korkai, [2] Vaguthai or Kayal was an ancient port dating to the 1st centuries of the common era and was contemporaneous to the existence of Kollam, another Pandyan port. Kollam served the Pandyas on the west coast while Korkai/Kayal served them on the east coast connecting them to Ceylon and the pearl fisheries in the Gulf of Mannar facing the Tirunelveli Coast. Arab traders from Egypt and Yemen landed at the port of Korkai (present-day Kayalpatnam). Some traders migrated to Adirampattinam. Strong trading connections existed with Sri Lanka. There exist a strong cultural connection between Kayalpattinam, Adirampattinam and Kilakarai. Most of the Muslims here are matrilocal residents. The ancient port had trade connections with Egypt, Rome and Greece.
Ibn Battuta, the Muslim Moroccan explorer has mentioned about Kayalpattinam (as called as Fatan) in his travel node The Rihla (lit. "Journey"). There exist a strong cultural connection exists between Kayalpatnam, Adirampattinam and Kilakarai.
Kayalpatnam now has many mosques. Noted photographer Benoy Behl has made a film on the Islamic architecture of India, and visited a Kayalpatnam mosque. [3]
According to 2011 census, Kayalpattinam had a population of 40,588 with a sex-ratio of 1,082 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. [4] A total of 4,995 were under the age of six, constituting 2,548 males and 2,447 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 7.37% and .01% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 81.3%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. [4] The town had a total of : 9417 households. There were a total of 11,414 workers, comprising 17 cultivators, 27 main agricultural labourers, 206 in house hold industries, 10,717 other workers, 447 marginal workers, 9 marginal cultivators, 4 marginal agricultural labourers, 30 marginal workers in household industries and 404 other marginal workers. [5] Tamil is the predominant language, spoken by 99.72% of the population.
Islam is the dominant religion in this municipality. As per the religious census of 2011, Kayalpattinam had 26.34% Hindus, 67.24% Muslims, 6.36% Christians, 0.01% following other religions. [6]
Most Muslims here follow Shafi Madhab with Qadiriyya and Shadhiliya Tariqa (Sufi order) Qadiriyya tariqa connected to Mahlara and Shadhiliya tariqa connected to zaviya Faasiyatush shadhiliya Tariqa. Headquarters of this tariqa [7] in India Zaviathul Fasiyathus shathulia is located here. There are few followers of ahle hadees also. Maqbara of Kazi Syed Alauddin brother of Kazi Syed Tajuddin the fore father of Madurai Maqbara Hazrats' [8] and of all the Syeds living in Kazimar Street, Madurai is located here.
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Al Jami'ul Kabeer or Khutba Periya Palli is a mosque in Kayalpattinam, Tamil Nadu, India. It was built in 842 AD by Muhammad Khalji. It has an Islamic heritage of more than 1000 years. It is located in Kayalpattinam, an ancient port town in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu known for its Islamic culture. It was built in 842 AD and was re-constructed in 1336 by Sultan Sayyid Jamaluddin. The mosque along with the others in the town, is one of the greatest examples how Dravidian architecture influenced on Islamic architecture. This mosque has the special name "Aayirangal Thoon Palli". There is a huge cemetery along with this mosque.