List of Long March launches (1990–1999)

Last updated

This is a list of launches made by the Long March rocket family between 1990 and 1999.

Contents

Launch statistics

Launch history

1990

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
4 February 1990
12:28
Long March 3 F-06 Xichang LA-3 Successful
Chinasat-3 (DFH-2A-T4) Geosynchronous transfer Communication
7 April 1990
13:30
Long March 3 F-07 Xichang LA-3 Successful
AsiaSat 1 Geosynchronous transfer AsiaSat Communication
First Chinese orbital launch for a foreign customer
16 July 1990
00:40
Long March 2E F-01 Xichang LA-2 Successful
Optus-B mass simulator Low Earth Flight testing
Badr A Low Earth Technology
Maiden flight of Long March 2E.
3 September 1990
00:53
Long March 4A F-02 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Fengyun-1B Sun synchronous Meteorology
Final flight of Long March 4A.
5 October 1990
06:14
Long March 2C F-09 Jiuquan LA-2/138 Successful
FSW-1 No.3 Low Earth Reconnaissance

1991

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
28 December 1991
12:00
Long March 3 F-08 Xichang LA-3 Partial failure
Chinasat-4 (DFH-2A-T5) Geosynchronous transfer Communication
Satellite left in unusable orbit due to the third stage shutting down earlier than planned. [1]

1992

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
9 August 1992
08:00
Long March 2D F-01 Jiuquan LA-2/138 Successful
FSW-2 No.1 Low Earth Reconnaissance
Maiden flight of Long March 2D.
13 August 1992
23:00
Long March 2E/Star-63FF-02 Xichang LA-2 Successful
Optus-B1 Geosynchronous transfer AUSSAT Communication
6 October 1992
06:20
Long March 2C F-10 Jiuquan LA-2/138 Successful
FSW-1 No.4 Low Earth Reconnaissance
Freja Low Earth Swedish Space Corporation Technology
21 December 1992
11:21
Long March 2E/Star-63FF-03 Xichang LA-2 Partial failure
Optus-B2 Geosynchronous transfer (planned) AUSSAT Communication
Structural failure of payload fairing 48 seconds after launch, destroying the satellite, whose debris went on to reach the correct orbit. [2]

1993

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
8 October 1993
08:00
Long March 2C F-11 Jiuquan LA-2/138 Successful
FSW-1 No.5 Low Earth Reconnaissance

1994

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
8 February 1994
08:34
Long March 3A F-01 Xichang LA-2 Successful
Shijian 4 Geosynchronous transfer Magnetosphere research
Kuafu-1 (DFH-3 mass simulator) Geosynchronous transfer Flight testing
Maiden flight of Long March 3A.
3 July 1994
08:00
Long March 2D F-02 Jiuquan LA-2/138 Successful
FSW-2 No.2 Low Earth Reconnaissance
21 July 1994
10:55
Long March 3 F-09 Xichang LA-3 Successful
Apstar 1 Geosynchronous transfer Apstar Communication
27 August 1994
23:10
Long March 2E/Star-63FF-04 Xichang LA-2 Successful
Optus-B3 Geosynchronous transfer AUSSAT Communication
29 November 1994
17:02
Long March 3A F-02 Xichang LA-2 Successful
Chinasat-5 Geosynchronous transfer Communication
Satellite failed to reach the operational orbit due to a propellant leak in GTO. [1]

1995

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
25 January 1995
22:40
Long March 2E/Star-63FF-05 Xichang LA-2 Failure
Apstar 2 Geosynchronous transfer (planned) Apstar Communication
Payload fairing collapsed due to structural deficiency, aggravated by excessive vibration caused by wind shear. [2]
28 November 1995
11:30
Long March 2E/EPKMF-06 Xichang LA-2 Partial failure
AsiaSat 2 Geosynchronous transfer AsiaSat Communication
Excessive acceleration during the launch knocked the antenna feed horns out of alignment, reducing the coverage area of the Ku band transponders. [3] AsiaSat filed a satellite insurance claim for $58 million. [4]
28 December 1995
11:50
Long March 2E/EPKMF-07 Xichang LA-2 Successful
EchoStar 1 Geosynchronous transfer EchoStar Communication

1996

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
14 February 1996
19:01
Long March 3B F-01 Xichang LA-2 Failure
Intelsat 708 Geosynchronous transfer (planned) Intelsat Communication
Maiden flight of Long March 3B. Guidance platform short-circuited right at liftoff, leading to loss of attitude control. [1] The vehicle hit the ground at T+23 seconds and exploded, killing at least 6 people on the ground. [5]
3 July 1996
10:47
Long March 3 F-10 Xichang LA-3 Successful
Apstar 1A Geosynchronous transfer Apstar Communication
18 August 1996
10:27
Long March 3 F-11 Xichang LA-3 Partial failure
Chinasat-7 Geosynchronous transfer Communication
Third stage engine shut down 48 seconds too early. [1]
20 October 1996
07:20
Long March 2D F-03 Jiuquan LA-2/138 Successful
FSW-2 No.3 Low Earth Reconnaissance

1997

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
11 May 1997
16:17
Long March 3A F-03 Xichang LA-2 Successful
Chinasat-6 Geosynchronous transfer Communication
10 June 1997
12:01
Long March 3 F-12 Xichang LA-3 Successful
Fengyun-2A Geosynchronous transfer Meteorology
19 August 1997
17:50
Long March 3B F-02 Xichang LA-2 Successful
Agila-2 Geosynchronous transfer Mabuhay Communication
1 September 1997
14:00
Long March 2C / SDF-12 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Iridium mass simulator A Low Earth Flight testing
Iridium mass simulator B Low Earth Flight testing
16 October 1997
19:13
Long March 3B F-03 Xichang LA-2 Successful
Apstar 2R Geosynchronous transfer Apstar Communication
8 December 1997
07:16
Long March 2C / SDF-13 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Iridium 42 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
Iridium 44 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication

1998

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
25 March 1998
17:01
Long March 2C / SDF-14 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Iridium 51 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
Iridium 61 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
2 May 1998
09:16
Long March 2C / SDF-15 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Iridium 69 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
Iridium 71 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
30 May 1998
10:00
Long March 3B F-04 Xichang LA-2 Successful
ChinaStar 1 Geosynchronous transfer China Orient Telecommunications Satellite Co. Communication
18 July 1998
09:20
Long March 3B F-05 Xichang LA-2 Successful
SinoSat 1 Geosynchronous transfer Sino Satellite Communications Communication
19 August 1998
23:01
Long March 2C / SDF-16 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Iridium 76 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
Iridium 78 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
19 December 1998
11:39
Long March 2C / SDF-17 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Iridium 88 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
Iridium 89 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication

1999

Date/Time (UTC)Rocket Serial number Launch siteOutcome
PayloadSeparation orbitOperatorFunction
Remarks
10 May 1999
01:33
Long March 4B F-01 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Fengyun-1C Sun synchronous Meteorology
Shijian 5 Sun synchronous Technology
Maiden flight of Long March 4B.
11 June 1999
17:15
Long March 2C / SDF-18 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
Iridium 92 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
Iridium 93 Low Earth Iridium Communications Inc. Communication
14 October 1999
03:15
Long March 4B F-02 Taiyuan LA-7 Successful
CBERS-1 Sun synchronous Earth observation
SACI 1 Sun synchronous INPE Technology
19 November 1999
22:30
Long March 2F F-01 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-1 Successful
Shenzhou 1 Low Earth Technology
Maiden flight of Long March 2F.

Related Research Articles

The Long March rockets are a family of expendable launch system rockets operated by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. The rockets are named after the Chinese Red Army's 1934–35 Long March military retreat during the Chinese Civil War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FalconSAT</span> Program within the United States Air Force Academy for building small satellites

FalconSAT is the United States Air Force Academy's (USAFA) small satellite engineering program. Satellites are designed, built, tested, and operated by Academy cadets. The project is administered by the USAFA Space Systems Research Center under the direction of the Department of Astronautics. Most of the cadets who work on the project are pursuing a bachelor of science degree in astronautical engineering, although students from other disciplines join the project.

The Long March 2C (LM-2C), also known as the Chang Zheng 2C (CZ-2C), is a Chinese orbital launch vehicle, part of the Long March 2 rocket family. Developed and manufactured by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT), the Long March 2C made its first launch on 9 September 1982. It is a two-stage launch vehicle with storable propellants, consisting of Nitrogen Tetroxide and Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine. The launch vehicle was derived from the DF-5 ICBM.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle</span>

The Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle or Advanced Satellite Launch Vehicle, also known as ASLV, was a small-lift launch vehicle five-stage solid-fuel rocket developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to place 150 kg satellites into LEO. This project was started by India during the early 1980s to develop technologies needed for a payload to be placed into a geostationary orbit. Its design was based on Satellite Launch Vehicle. ISRO did not have sufficient funds for both the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle programme and the ASLV programme at the same time and the ASLV programme was terminated after the initial developmental flights. The payloads of ASLV were Stretched Rohini Satellites.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2005 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events during 2005

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2005 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs. 2005 saw Iran launch its first satellite.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2007 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events during the year 2007

The year 2007 contained several significant events in spaceflight, including a Chinese ASAT test, the launches of the US Phoenix and Dawn missions to study Mars and Asteroid belt respectively, Japan's Kaguya Lunar orbiter, and the first Chinese Lunar probe, Chang'e 1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz-FG</span> Launch vehicle

The Soyuz-FG launch vehicle was an improved version of the Soyuz-U from the R-7 family of rockets, designed and constructed by TsSKB-Progress in Samara, Russia. Guidance, navigation, and control system was developed and manufactured by "Polisvit" Special Design Bureau.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2009 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight related events during 2009

Several significant events in spaceflight occurred in 2009, including Iran conducting its first indigenous orbital launch, the first Swiss satellite being launched and New Zealand launching its first sounding rocket. The H-IIB and Naro-1 rockets conducted maiden flights, whilst the Tsyklon-3, Falcon 1 and Ariane 5GS were retired from service. The permanent crew of the International Space Station increased from three to six in May, and in the last few months of the year, Japan's first resupply mission to the outpost, HTV-1, was conducted successfully.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Comparison of orbital launch systems</span>

This comparison of orbital launch systems lists the attributes of all individual rocket configurations designed to reach orbit. A first list contains rockets that are operational or in development as of 2022; a second list includes all retired rockets. For the simple list of all conventional launcher families, see: Comparison of orbital launchers families. For the list of predominantly solid-fueled orbital launch systems, see: Comparison of solid-fueled orbital launch systems.

The Feng Bao 1, also known as FB-1, was a Chinese carrier rocket launched between 1972 and 1981. It was replaced by the nearly identical Long March 2, which had been developed at the same time for political reasons related to China's Cultural Revolution.

JCSAT-4A, designated JCSAT-6 before launch, is a Japanese geostationary communications satellite which is operated by JSAT Corporation. It is positioned in geostationary orbit at a longitude of 124° East, from where it is used to provide broadcasting and corporate network communications to Japan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Comparison of orbital launcher families</span>

This article compares different orbital launcher families. The article is organized into two tables: the first table contains a list of currently active and under-development launcher families, while the second table contains a list of retired launcher families.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2019 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events during the year of 2019

This article documents notable spaceflight events during the year 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events during the year of 2017

Notable spaceflight activities in 2017 included the maiden flight of India's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III on 5 June and the first suborbital test of Rocket Lab's Electron rocket, inaugurating the Mahia spaceport in New Zealand. The rocket is named for its innovative Rutherford engine which feeds propellants via battery-powered electric motors instead of the usual gas generator and turbopumps.

Kosmos 1409 was a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1982 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. Kosmos 1409 replaced Kosmos 1217 as part of the Oko constellation of satellites and covered the plane 2 - 317° longitude of ascending node.

USA-38, also known as GPS II-2 and GPS SVN-13, was an American navigation satellite which formed part of the Global Positioning System. It was the second of nine Block II GPS satellites to be launched, which were the first operational GPS satellites to be launched.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Kyle, Ed. "China Launch Vehicle Flight History - Comprehensive Orbital Failure List". Space Launch Report. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  2. 1 2 "The Cox Report: Chapter 5". The Washington Post. 25 May 1999. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  3. "CZ-2E Space Launch Vehicle". GlobalSecurity.org. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  4. "Ku Transponder Shortfall Prompts AsiaSat Claim". Aviation Week & Space Technology. 23 September 1996. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  5. Lan, Chen. "Mist around the CZ-3B disaster, part 1". The Space Review. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2014.

Sources